Concept and types of benefits

The state keeps records of unprotected and low-income strata of society, establishes certain standards, introduces social programs - all this is done to improve the living standards of citizens in a difficult financial situation.

Introduction to the topic

In our country, a huge number of people who, due to various circumstances, lost their jobs, received a degree of disability or are classified as large families. For this reason, there is an acute need for a more rational and competent accrual of various types of monetary assistance to such citizens. State social services are obliged to correctly and timely pay the appropriate types of benefits specifically to those who really need it.

All forms of social support, established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, are guaranteed by the state. The concept and types of benefits that are established in Russia will be examined in this article. The right of those in need of such assistance is enshrined in Art. 39 of the RF Constitution.

What is a benefit?

The benefit is a form of monetary assistance from the state, subjects of the Russian Federation or local government bodies to people. It can be made on an ongoing basis (for example, monthly), in the form of a one-time payment, and have a specific character in the event of any circumstances that have led to the calculation of monetary compensation with a certain periodicity.

Various types of benefits are an integral part of the social security system of Russian citizens. Their list is not exhaustive.

The main types of benefits provided in the Russian Federation

The legislation of our country provides for various social payments. Many programs of material support of the population have been working successfully for many years.

Types of state benefits are divided into the following categories:

1. Payments for temporary disability.

2. Payments to parents and guardians. Types of benefits for children:

• Monetary charges for the period of pregnancy and childbirth (maternity payments);
• One-time monetary charge for women who applied for pregnancy at the antenatal clinic at an early date (in case the expectant mother was registered before 12 weeks);
• One-time cash accrual after the birth of the child;
• Monthly payments for the care of the child from birth to the age of one and a half years (the size depends on the number of children in the family);
• Monthly payments for the care of a child from one and a half to three years;
• Cash payments to wives whose husbands are conscripted or contracted for military service (depending on the type of service benefits are of different bases and size).

3. Payments for the unemployed, who are officially recognized as such, that is, they registered with the employment service.

4. One-time monetary charge for citizens who have had health problems after vaccination.

5. One-time monetary accrual to physicians who contracted HIV infection due to their job duties.

6. One-time monetary charge to servicemen involved in the fight against a terrorist threat.

7. Monetary state aid for the burial of the deceased.

8. Material payments to citizens who have received an industrial trauma or disease related to their profession.

Types of monetary compensation provided for in the Russian Federation

It is necessary to distinguish between benefits and compensation payments that are made to specific people who are in an unforeseen situation or circumstances that do not depend on him in any way.

The following types of compensation payments are typical for our state:

1. To mothers (other close relatives who are actually caring for a newborn child) who are employees or wives of servicemen, and are on maternity leave (the amount for today is 50 rubles).
2. Students and graduate students who are forced to be on academic leave because of health problems.
3. To able-bodied citizens who do not have the opportunity to engage in their labor duties due to the forced care of a disabled relative.
4. Non-working wives of the rank and file of the internal troops who serve in the territory of remote garrisons, where there is no possibility for their employment.
5. For non-working wives of servicemen whose husbands are contracted in places where there is no possibility to enter a job or perform work duties according to their specialty. Due to either lack of employment options, or because of health problems in children.
6. Children under guardianship or foster care or in foster care.
7. On food for students of general educational institutions of state and municipal forms of property, institutions of primary and secondary vocational education.
8. Forced migrants (one-time cash accrual).
9. Refugees who have received official status (one-time cash accrual).
10. Persons with disabilities in certain categories (for treatment in sanatoriums and specialized resorts, fuel and technical inspection of vehicles, their services).
11. Certain categories of citizens for payment for housing and utility services.
12. Parents: compensation for failure to provide preschool facilities for children from 1.5 to 3 years. Currently, this type of compensation payments is not practiced in all constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Species by purpose

All benefits can be divided into the following types:

• Benefits for full or partial compensation of earnings;
• Benefits that are provided as additional material assistance.

Types of payment time

Differences in benefits for the duration of the action:

• Single-use, i.e. Are paid once after the occurrence of the foundation;
• Those that are accrued at regular intervals (for example, monthly).

Kinds depending on the source from which the allowance is paid

Depending on the source of funding, the benefits are divided into the following types:

• Payments from social extra-budgetary funds (insurance);
• Types of benefits and payments from budgets of all levels.

How is the amount of benefits determined ?

The legislation of the Russian Federation does not provide for a single rule for determining the amount of material assistance to those in need. The size is set in one of the following ways:

1. As a fixed amount. Types of benefits, the size of which is established in this way, usually, as a rule, compensate for the additional costs. For example, payments for burial of the deceased.
2. In accordance with the subsistence minimum in the region in which the recipient lives. Most often, the mandatory percentage of payments that corresponds to the part or the total amount of the subsistence minimum is established by the law of the subject of the Russian Federation.
3. In accordance with the size of the recipient's earnings. For example, allowance for temporary incapacity for work.

Conclusion

Today, the issue of reforming social services in the interests of the people of our country has become extremely acute. As mentioned above, the list of benefits is not exhaustive and can be replenished in connection with the emergence of such a need. For example, recently the issue of the relevance and necessity of the "Mother Capital" program was considered. Deputies of the State Duma proposed to replace it with a monthly allowance for families raising children. It was assumed that instead of a one-time payment, it is necessary to provide material assistance before the child is 18 years old. The amount of payment depends on the number of children.

Of great importance in these matters is the targeting of the reimbursing cash allowances. The state is trying, through various types of social benefits, to do everything to get financial assistance from those people who really need it. There is also a constant indexation of cash charges.

If the person has a basis for receiving additional material assistance from the state, then what kinds of benefits are allocated to him can be found in the social protection department in his village.