Composer Novikov Anatoly Grigorievich: biography, works and features of creativity

Composer Novikov Anatoly Grigorievich - a bright representative of the new musical art, formed by the revolution of 1917. His talent, creative energy was directed to the development of a new musical theme - a Soviet song glorifying the labor and combat feats of the Soviet people. This case, Anatoly Novikov devoted his whole life. The result of his work became more than 600 songs, popular to this day.

The beginning of the composer's way

Anatoly Novikov, whose biography dates back to the nineteenth century, to be exact 18 (30) October 1896, was born in the district town of Ryazan region - Skopin.

His parents, Grigory Osipovich and Neonila Nikolaevna, were illiterate. My father worked in the smithy, which was on the outskirts of the city, so the only book that the future composer saw in his house was "How to forge horses".

But Anatoly's childhood was not deprived of music: in the evenings the Novikov family loved to sing folk songs, and on holidays in the town there were military parades and all sorts of ceremonies with the participation of the Zaraiski infantry regiment. But what military parade takes place without music and soldiers' songs? So the love of the future composer for music, songs of national and military-patriotic themes was born.

Love for music required an exit, and Novikov buys the balalaika for the first money earned, very quickly learns the game by ear. Then there was a desire for choral singing, and Anatoly decides to learn music. In 1912 he entered the Ryazan Teacher's Seminary, which ends in 1916, and immediately goes to the Moscow People's Conservatory.

Already at that time the young man displayed extraordinary abilities for music: at the age of 20 he wrote the first work called "The Hymn of the Liberated Russia". However, after a year of difficult financial situation, Novikov is forced to leave the conservatory and return to Skopin.

Novikov in his native land

Back in Skopin, Anatoly Grigorievich Novikov began to organize a music school. Here he uses the experience of his Moscow comrades. His request to the city administration for education to support the creation of a folk music school was satisfied: one post office was allocated to the school, two grand pianos were handed over (tools were found in the houses of neighboring landowners, whose estates were destroyed), and the St. Petersburg school allocated its specialists On the formation of the teaching staff of the school.

Despite the difficult post-revolutionary times, studying at the children's music school (DMS) was free of charge, which, of course, was of great importance: art became accessible to simple but talented children. The school was a center of culture for the city of Skopin, the local intelligentsia enthusiastically welcomed the initiative of Novikova and supported him in every possible way.

During this period, Anatoly Grigorevich clearly understood that music was for him the meaning of life, but at the same time he felt a shortage of his knowledge and the need for higher musical education.

And again Moscow

Former Novikov teacher, composer Paskhalov, recommends the young man to study at the Moscow State Conservatory. In 1921, the young composer left for Moscow, where he successfully passed tests in the conservatory.

In the conservatory, Novikov's teachers are remarkable musicians: M. Ivanov-Boretsky, S. Vasilenko, R. Glier, G. Catua. However, the study did not supersede the composer's educational aspirations to a more distant future: in 1924, in parallel with his studies at the conservatory, Novikov directed the choir of the special artillery courses club, and then he was invited to a similar work, but already to the Frunze Academy's club.

In a short time, Novikov Anatoly acquires fame of the folk song repertoire, choral singing, instrumentation. The Central Army of the Red Army invites him to lead the choir and the orchestra.

In addition to this work, Anatoly Grigoryevich creates military bands in the Moscow garrison units, conducts seminars for singing military units. Composer Novikov Anatoly receives the unspoken status of "all-army hymns", and in 1934 becomes a member of the Defense Commission of the Composers' Union, which later heads for several years.

Features of creativity

The military theme is constantly present in the composer's work, and it is very diverse. In his songs Novikov-composer certainly reflects the everyday life of the defenders of the Motherland, their holidays. His works are permeated with patriotism, comradeship, they tell about heroes, military traditions.

Novikov revives the intonations of the songs of our ancestors. He brings to life the almost forgotten old soldiers' and Cossack songs, in which he continues the theme of the patriotism of the Russian people, the strength of his spirit. In most of his works Russian musical folklore is clearly seen: "Oh, yes, you, Kalinushka," "Blue-eyed little bluebird," "Down Mother, across the Volga", etc.

One of the outstanding features of Novikov's work is the clearly expressed choral orientation of his songs. Even the songs, which were originally conceived as solo, later became choral. We can say that Novikov's compositions were universal for performance.

His songs, such as "My Motherland", "Roads", "March of the Communist Brigades", "Vasya-Vasilek", etc., could be performed both solo and in chorus, on the concert stage and on the train.

Novikov and movies

Novikov Anatoly Grigorievich, a biography whose filmography is firmly connected with the formation of Soviet power, the history of the country, was the composer whose works simply could not pass by Soviet cinema. It is difficult to name films of the time in which Novikov's songs did not sound. Rarely what film about the war did without the song "Eh, roads." It sounded all that felt, experienced by Russian soldiers.

One can not help but mention the song "Smuglyanka", which was written in 1940, but some of its fragments aroused bewilderment among the officials, and the composition was consigned to oblivion.

She was helped to revive by director Leonid Bykov, who heard the motive in his childhood from front-line soldiers and decided to make a film about pilots, in which the "Dark-skinner" should certainly sound. This dream Bulls realized in his film "In battle are some old people."

Since the release of the film on the screens of the country "Smuglyanka" deservedly returned to the repertoire of many performers and musical groups.

Public activity of the composer

In 1957, composer Novikov Anatoly Grigorievich was elected head of the organizing committee of the Union of Composers (SK) of the RSFSR and secretary of the board of the USSR SC.

Since 1960, Novikov holds the post of secretary of the board of the SC of the Republic. In this position, the composer works until 1968.

From 1962 to 1965 Novikov is an adviser to the Minister of Culture of the USSR. At the same time, he becomes chairman of the All-Russian Choral Society.

Awards and titles

Novikov Anatoly, whose works were so popular and patriotic that his work could not be overlooked by the state, was deservedly noted:

• Stalin Prize of the second degree;
• The Order of the Red Banner of Labor;
• Order of Lenin (twice);
• The Order of the October Revolution;
• The star of the Hero of Socialist Labor;

They were awarded the title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR, People's Artist of the RSFSR and the USSR.

Conclusion

Composer Novikov Anatoly Grigorievich wrote many beautiful songs. It is interesting that each of them contains this or that segment of the history of our Motherland, serves as a kind of musical monument of military glory and labor victories of the Russian people.

Anatoly Grigorievich died on September 24, 1984. His grave is on the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.

Novikov-composer will always be in the memory of the people as a man who knew the soul of the people, his aspirations. In memory of the great composer a documentary film was made, a postage stamp was issued. In Skopin there is a memorial plaque on the composer's house , one street of the city bears his name.

Unfortunately, at present the children's music school created by Novikov in the city of Skopin does not have the support of the local administration and drags on a beggarly existence.