Hand-out, "Niva-Chevrolet": technical features of the device

For hunting and fishing, "Niva" is an indispensable car. It is famous for its patency and simple device. Of course, over the years the model has become significantly outdated. But there is an option to buy Chevrolet Niva. This is a more modernized car with a pleasant appearance and no less good characteristics of patency. What is the secret of patency? It's simple - the distribution is set on the Niva Chevrolet. The device of it, the principle and modes of operation - later in this article.

What is it for?

This site is an indispensable element in all-wheel drive cars. The box and distribution of the "Chevrolet Niva" redistribute the torque between the leading bridges (of which there are two in the car). This mechanism, if necessary, increases the torque during the movement (the so-called ponizhayka). It is worth noting that the transfer box is installed not only for all-wheel drive off-road vehicles. Often such a system is equipped with car lifts, cranes and other special equipment.

Varieties

There are several types of these elements:

• Coaxial driven shafts. This variety is used on many off-road vehicles. This popularity was acquired through the use of a single main transmission for both bridges.
• With misaligned driven shaft. There is no intermediate shaft. The advantages of this system are high efficiency and noiselessness. Also, this box is characterized by a small curb weight.
• With the locking drive leading axles. It is also installed on Chevrolet Niva. Here it is possible to use all the torque without slipping the wheels, which is very important when driving off-road. The front axle is activated only on difficult sections of the road. On the asphalt surface of an off-road vehicle is a single-drive (only the rear axle works ). This allows you to reduce fuel consumption and, if necessary, increase the throughput (when the drive "closes"). There is also an inter-axial forced lock.

About the device

Despite the takeoff in the varieties, the device and principle of operation of these boxes are the same. How is the distribution arranged ("Niva Chevrolet")? This node includes several elements:

• Lead shaft.
• The mechanism of blocking of the interaxle differential.
• The differential itself.
• Chain or gear transmission.
• Drive shaft of rear and front axle.
• Downshift.

All this is managed from the salon. For this, there is a dispensing lever. "Niva Chevrolet" has both a lock and a downshift. The torque that goes from the main transmission to the distributor is transmitted through the drive shaft. Then the force of the moment is distributed between the axes. Here, the interaxle differential is connected . This node allows you to rotate the wheels with different angular speeds. By the way, the differential itself can be of several types:

• Unbalanced (distributes torque in different ratios).
• Symmetrical (distributes effort equally).

Locking

It should be noted that on domestic off-road cars the distribution ("Niva Chevrolet" including) has the function of locking the differential. Thus, the transmission of torque can occur both symmetrically and asymmetrically, depending on the position of the shift lever in the passenger compartment. To connect the front axle, a chain drive is used. This unit consists of toothed links (driven and driving) and a drive chain. On modern SUVs, the inclusion of the all-wheel drive is automatic. But here the transmission transmission is made in the form of a conical reducer.

Why do we need a "ponyake"?

As we said earlier, its full name is a downshift. Distributing ("Niva Chevrolet" 1.6 including) allows you to change the main pair, so you can increase the torque. The wheels will rotate slowly, but with great force. Thus, if the car is stuck in the dirt, turning on the downshift prevents skidding on all axles. The machine slowly scrambles out of the trap. At the heart of the "podzhaiza" is the principle of a planetary gearbox.

How does it work?

The principle of its operation is quite simple. It is in the transfer of torque from the transmission to the drive shaft. Then, the forces are transferred to the center differential. In the old "Nivakh" distribution ("Niva Chevrolet" does not count) had a mechanism without blocking. Now the car is equipped with a full differential with the possibility of rigid locking of teeth.

Modes of operation of the dispenser

This mechanism can operate in five modes:

• "Neutral" is on.
• The differential is unlocked when the "lowering" is switched off. In this case, the torque is distributed in a ratio of one to two.
• The differential is locked when the overdrive is on. Here the torque distribution is automatic, depending on the quality of the clutch of the wheels with the road.
• A downshift is engaged, and the differential lock is off. The transfer of forces occurs in the same ratio as in the first case.
• The differential is locked, and "podyshayka" is on. In this case, all the bridges are rigidly blocked among themselves, including the semi-axle. The torque is uneven, depending on the type of road surface (dirt, sand and so on). In this mode of operation, the best cross-country capability is achieved. But it's not possible to drive with a constantly switched down gear and with locks. So increases the load on the bearings of the dispenser. "Niva Chevrolet" will soon require serious intervention in the transmission. Also significantly increases fuel consumption, strongly "eats up" rubber.

How to use it correctly?

There is a circuit on the shift lever. To engage the downshift, you must move the lever to the right, up. To lock the differential - pull left until the end. Also on the lever there are letter symbols in Latin. So, L is a reduced gear, N is neutral, and H is increased. Now let's find out how to use all this, then not to repair the mechanism and do not change the bearings of the dispenser. "Niva Chevrolet" is a universal purpose vehicle that is actively used not only on asphalt pavement, but also off-road. So, if you have to overcome a ford or puddle, you should stop completely and include a lowered number of steps. Please note: it must be turned on only after a complete stop. Even at 5 kilometers per hour you will have problems with the transfer case. But you can even lock the differential on the go. It will not bring any surprises. Unless the fuel consumption will increase due to constantly working two bridges and semi-axes. In what cases it is required to include a downshift on the Chevrolet Niva? Her work will be needed when crossing the "diagonals", fords and with a prolonged climb, which you climb slowly. Often motorists ask: is it possible to drive for a long time with a lock? Note that it should only be included when absolutely necessary. Otherwise, the load on the teeth and shafts increases. If you go on the asphalt at a high speed, you will soon need to change the distribution on the Niva Chevrolet.

Force Unlock

Sometimes it happens that the lock jams - it can not be turned off even when the car is completely stopped. The situation is quite common for Chevrolet Niva. How to solve it? There is a sure way. To do this, turn on the reverse gear, accelerate a bit and just turn off the differential lock while driving . At a certain speed, it can be easily "knocked out." But if on the dashboard you continue to burn a similar lamp, as in the photo below, the lock was not turned off. How to be in this situation? You must enable the first speed and try to turn off the node again. Moving back and forth, you solve the problem with the jammed differential. In general, interlocking is recommended only in conditions of serious off-road conditions. At the intersection of dirt roads and sand dunes, the downshift is enough.

Overcome the deep puddle

Often there is a dispute between motorists about how best to cross a ford with a transfer case. Some prefer to "fly" into the puddle from overclocking, others prefer downshifts. If you get into a mud pit, there is a big risk of a water hammer - water enters the cylinders and the engine "chokes". To exclude this, many put a special snorkel. But you can do without it. A deep puddle should be overcome on the second lower gear. This is done in order that in case of trouble (when the machine starts to fail) in time to switch to the first speed and do not stall. If you drive into the water from overclocking (which is a more correct decision), remember that in the middle of the road the wheels can get stuck. The power of the engine is not enough to turn the wheels - the car stalls, and the engine grasps the hydraulic shock.

Repair box

Often, the cover of the dispenser ("Niva Chevrolet" is no exception) begins to pass through the oil. At the same time, his level in the box begins to slowly but surely fall. In this case, you need to change the oil seal. Chevrolet Niva is equipped with three sealing elements. To replace these oil seals, you need to get the box out. It is best to do this on a lift or observation pit. So, first clean the box of oil stains and carefully blow. Next, dismantle the driveshaft. Important point: when removing the bolts, inspect their condition. If the thread is "slipped", such bolts are no longer subject to operation. And in order to eliminate the imbalance of the cardan shaft, make a mark on it in the places of dismantling. Then insert into the holes of the shaft flange two bolts and screw on them nuts. Hold the element against scrolling with a small mounting blade. With the head on 24 remove the nut and take out the washer of the flange. The last detail is also extracted outside. Next, we take a flat screwdriver and remove the transfer case stuffing box. The planting surface must be wiped with a dry cloth and a little new oil applied to the sealing element. Using the mandrel, press it into place. The rest of the stuffing boxes are installed in the same way. At the end of the repair work, the oil should be added to the dispenser. "Niva Chevrolet" likes transmission grease with a viscosity of 80W90.

Other problems

Sometimes there is a knock in the hand. "Niva Chevrolet" - a car more reliable than the VAZ-2121, but do not exclude such malfunctions. The first thing you should pay attention to is the cardan gear. Earlier on the "Nivah" were the crosses, the play in which was the cause of many noises and vibrations. If you have a "Niva" of the old generation, first examine the crossings. As for the new versions, here the hinges of equal angular velocities are used. Here backlashes are excluded. Therefore, the reason is looking for the alignment of the gears, which are in the transfer case itself. In the presence of backlashes and gaps, the gears must be replaced. It is also recommended to change the oil in the dispenser. An important point - if the machine has overcome a deep puddle, you should replace the grease in the box as soon as possible. The presence of water in the oil of the transfer gear reduces the life of the gears and bearings. By the way, the latter should also be checked and replaced. Perhaps, knocking is due to weak seating for bearings. Motorists recommend using an anaerobic sealant. They should process the outer race of the bearings before inserting the element into the grooves. Another reason is the so-called helicopter. This is a splined part that attaches a thinning with an elastic clutch. If such symptoms occur, check the wear of the splines. In the presence of play, replace with a new one.

Conclusion

So, we found out what a transfer case is. As you can see, this is a rather complicated mechanism that needs to be properly used and be able to service. The transfer box has always been and will be an integral part of any all-wheel drive SUV. It has repeatedly rescued motorists when crossing difficult obstacles.