Carbuncle of the kidney: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

What is the carbuncle of the kidney? How does this disease manifest and why does it develop? These and other questions concerning the above pathology we will answer in the materials of the article in question.

basic information

What is the kidney carbuncle? In modern medicine this term is used to refer to purulent-necrotic formation, which is formed in the cortical substance of the said organ. The main cause of this disease is the penetration into the kidney of a bacterial pathogen. It occurs from a distant purulent foci along with the blood flow.

It should be especially noted that if the inflammatory process in the kidneys was not cured at the initial stages of its development, very soon purulent melting of the outer walls of the developed formation and, as a consequence, the release of its contents with further penetration into the pelvis, the medullar layers of the kidney or the paranephalic Cellulose. According to experts, such complications significantly increase the course of the disease.

Main causes of development

Why does the primary kidney carbuncle occur? This disease develops when a large number of bacteria come from the far-away purulent focus to the organ mentioned. As a rule, it occurs by hematogenous way. This process leads to the formation of thrombi in small and large vessels.

If a thrombus is formed in only one large vessel, then in the kidney there will be only one foci of a septic infarct. If small pathogens are involved in this pathological process, then multiple foci arise which slowly merge with each other.

So why does the kidney carbuncle occur? Long-term causes of infection, which can cause this pathology, are:

• osteomyelitis;
• mastitis;
• furunculosis;
• Purulent skin lesions;
• Parathonsillar abscess ;
• felon.

In the event that the causes of the formation of the pathology in question are associated with pyelonephritis (including acute leakage), a purulent focus can result from the compression of the vessels (small or large) with an inflammatory infiltrate.

Experts argue that most often in the formation of carbuncle kidneys are involved protei, staphylococcus and E. coli. Also, the combined effect of these bacteria is sometimes observed.

Other reasons

What should I do if my kidneys develop? This will tell you only an experienced urologist. The clinic and its specialists will help the patient not only diagnose this disease, but also to determine the correct and effective treatment tactics.

What are the other reasons for this pathology? In isolated cases, this disease is associated with the occurrence of obstacles that worsen the outflow of urine. They may include benign and malignant formations in the urinary organs, concrements in the ureters and prostate adenoma.

It should be specially noted that the probability of carbuncle formation under the influence of the above factors significantly increases with reduced immunity of a person.

Appearance of education

What does the carbuncle of the left kidney (or right) look like? Visually, this formation is a bulging that has a rounded shape. At the same time, on its section it can be seen that it consists of small necrotic tissue sites with small pustules in them.

Usually in the process of development the carbuncle passes into the parenchyma of the kidney. As for the base of this formation, it lies directly to the fibrous membrane.

One can not but say that inflammation in the kidneys can involve their skin and fiber. If the focus is located in the upper region of the said organ, the infiltrate is able to pass to the adrenal gland. At the same time, the signs of his hypofunction develop very often.

The main symptoms of the disease

What are the symptoms of kidney carbuncle? This disease can have a completely different clinical picture. In some cases, the symptoms of the disease are maximally expressed. Although it often happens that the pathology does not show itself at all.

In the event that the urodynamics in the occurrence of a purulent necrotic focus is not violated, the symptoms of this disease are very similar to the course of the usual infectious process. In this case, the patient observes:

• Profuse sweating;
• chills;
• tachycardia;
• Increase in temperature (up to 40 degrees);
• nausea;
• Quickening of breathing;
• Vomiting;
• flatulence.

It should be specially noted that in the first day of carbuncle formation, there are no signs of a micturition disorder in the patient completely. Also in patients there is no pronounced soreness. However, in some people there is only a slight discomfort in the lumbar region. However, in the process of urine testing in these patients an increased number of leukocytes is detected. At the last stages of the disease, pyuria (i.e., pus in the urine) is also detected.

Other signs of pathology

Where does it hurt if the carbuncle develops in the kidney? Symptoms of this disease depend in part on where the pathological focus is located, as well as on the activity of the inflammatory process and the presence of concomitant abnormalities.

It can not be said that the clinical picture of the carbuncle is determined by the appearance or absence of complete or partial obstruction of the urinary tract.

So where does this disease hurt? According to experts, in the late stages of the disease, the patient has pain in the lower back. Moreover, with palpation of the place of discomfort, it is quite easy to find a swelling on the back, in particular from the side of direct injury.

Similarity of symptoms

Reception of the urologist, as well as his consultation with the development of carbuncle of the kidneys - a mandatory procedure. This is due to the fact that if the treatment was not started on time, then the progression of the purulent process contributes to the development of symptoms of appendicitis.

Very often, the disease in question has symptoms similar to the clinical symptoms of cardiovascular pathologies, liver damage and neuropsycho- morphic diseases. This course of the disease can easily lead to an incorrect diagnosis and, accordingly, to improper treatment, which subsequently complicates the course of the underlying ailment.

Absence of symptoms

Regular reception of a urologist, as well as a full medical examination of the patient, are also necessary because the kidney carbuncle can be asymptomatic or with signs of impaired liver function. This situation can lead to the fact that treatment will not be scheduled on time, and the developing disease will cause thromboembolism of vessels in the pulmonary artery or brain.

Diagnostic process

Who should diagnose the disease in question? Such a specialist is a urologist. The clinic in which this doctor is admitted may be private or public. In any case, the process of diagnosing a kidney carbuncle requires a special approach and experience.

In view of the fact that this disease has no specific symptoms, the diagnosis is possible only if there is local swelling and pain, as well as radiographic data.

According to experts, it is very easy to identify carbuncle (the reasons and treatment are discussed in this article) only if it is combined with the defeat of the calyx-pelvis kidney system. Also this disease is diagnosed in the process of urine research, in which a large number of leukocytes are detected.

If the carbuncle is localized in the cortical substance of the kidney and the permeability of the urinary tract is not violated, then it is rather difficult to detect the disease.

The process of conducting X-ray examination in such a disease allows us to identify a reduced respiratory excursion of the diaphragm. Sometimes a carbuncle can even look like a tumor.

With ultrasound and computed tomography, this pathology is often defined as the formation of a round or oval shape. If the carbuncle is large, then the presence of a deformity is detected in the calyx-calcaneous kidney system.

Medication Therapy

Drugs from the kidneys and formations in them are sold in many pharmacies. However, you should take these medicines only as directed by an experienced doctor.

Many experts argue that even after a successful therapy of kidney carbuncle, it can recur. As a rule, this happens in the event that the cause of its occurrence has not been completely eliminated.

If a carbuncle is found in the early stages of its development, patients may be offered antibiotic treatment, but only strictly under the control of the urologist. It should be noted that in most cases such therapy does not give proper results, since purulent formation significantly hinders blood flow in the kidney, which prevents antibacterial substances from entering the lesion.

Recently, the disease in question has been treated in a comprehensive way, using not only antibacterial drugs, but also a remedy such as Cryoprecipitate. The latter is a certain concentrated mixture obtained from blood plasma. Treatment with this medicine helps increase the amount of fibronectin in the blood, which subsequently contributes to the restoration of blood flow in the affected kidneys.

Surgery

Most often after identifying the carbuncle of the kidneys, patients are prescribed emergency surgical treatment, which is carried out by lumbotomy. It should be especially noted that the tactics of such therapy depends on the patient's condition, the type of kidney damage, and the quality of the other paired organ.

If the disease in question destroys a large area of the kidney, the person is prescribed a nephrectomy. Usually this method of treatment is shown to older people.

With the organ-saving operation, which was carried out in a timely manner, the recovery period of the patient proceeds without any complications. In this case, patients notice a decrease in body temperature and the disappearance of other symptoms of the disease.

In the rehabilitation period, the patient may be prescribed antibiotic drugs. By the way, their choice depends on the sensitivity of the detected microorganisms to various medications. Such patients are also shown laser treatment, detoxification therapy and exercise therapy.