Basic properties of perception

The various objects around us and the phenomena around us affect the senses of the person and are reflected in his consciousness. This is the perception of the world around us, which in Latin means a cognitive process. Perception of each person is different, but, despite this, there are common characteristics that bear the name - the properties of perception.

Activity - perception is always in action, in the search for new information. It can not be stopped. You can only dull, muffle, do so that you do not pay attention for a while. The process by which the perceptual properties of perception in psychology are dull is called hyposthesis. Usually, hypostasis is associated with mental overwork.

The main properties of perception:

1. Objectivity is a property of perception, connected, directly, with an object and caused by it. All the information we receive is attributed to a particular subject. The main role here is played by movement and touch. The object is perceived as a separate body separated from space and time. If there is no real impact, then there is no perception. Rather, there is no normal perception, it is distorted. When exposed to monotonous objects, repeated patterns or sounds, meaningless words, the susceptibility becomes dull.
2. Integrity -sensations give information about the individual properties of an object, perception is a holistic image based on generalization. Due to this property, the world is perceived in the form of things, in the form of events occurring in it. If not for integrity, the world would be perceived as chaos, as individual sounds and touches. There would not be a recognition of the whole.
3. Structurality (generalization) - this by no means means the sum of the sensations. We perceive a generalized structure of sensations, the formation of which occurs for some time. For example, when we listen to music it is a generalized structure, we hear notes in their order.
4. Constancy is constancy. The conditions in which the properties of perception operate are very diverse and variable. But the object is perceived as constant, regardless of the surrounding conditions. This provides the object with recognizability. For example, "monkey, she is in Africa - a monkey." The example, of course, is slightly exaggerated, but, in general terms, it is.
5. Meaningfulness . Despite the fact that perception occurs when there is some effect on the receptors, the images, in themselves, have a semantic meaning. For example, animals perceive everything literally: the crunch of a branch disturbs them, meaning the approach of danger, they put a bowl, so they will feed, etc. A person thinks big, understanding the essence of an object. From perceived things and events, a person is able to make completely "indirect conclusions". For example, in a separate image, a person is able to come up with or think out the whole picture and, in addition, still explain it. The person perceives the hints, himself speculating that they wanted to convey it to him.
6. Selectivity - a person prefers one thing in comparison with others. And this is normal.

The perceptual properties in their complex are the perception, in which an adequate image of an object is formed and perceived. It is divided into the following types:

- visual;

- auditory;

- tactile;

-and other species.

The properties of perception can be characterized, expressed quantitatively. For example, the perception threshold is that level of sensitivity at which the receptor registers that the stimulus is present. This is the physiological threshold. And there is also the threshold of awareness of stimulus perception. For example, sometimes we feel something, but we can not explain what it is. The perception threshold can be measured with the help of special instruments. The volume of perception is measured without instruments.