Diabetes 1 and 2 types: difference in treatment and symptoms

Despite the fact that everyone has heard about diabetes, very few people know for sure what the difference is between the 1 st and 2 nd types.

As you know, diabetes is not treated. This common and dangerous disease should be studied. After all, information about the disease is the best weapon against it. Everyone who is worried about their health should know that this is type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The difference between them is obvious to the medical profession. But for other people, these differences are often incomprehensible.

Diabetes: Who is at risk?

Diabetes is a dangerous violation of carbohydrate metabolism in the body. Treatment of this disease is not cheap. And the complications are very severe. To prevent the development of the disease, you need to know what factors trigger the development of diabetes and who is at risk:

1. Sweet-toothers. Those who love sweets and even eat candy at night can fill up the ranks of patients in the near future.
2. Hypertension. People who have high blood pressure are also at risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
3. Lovers of alcohol. Drinks also contain sugar.
4. Permanent disturbance of the daily regimen: nutrition at night, unbalanced diet. All this eventually leads to problems in the endocrine system.

Those who are at risk, it is especially important to eat right. For example, you can not eat potatoes or pasta for dinner. Supper should be prepared lightly and sparing.

A daily exercise or a walk of at least 30-40 minutes is of great importance for the health and prevention of diabetes. Hypodinamy also leads to excess weight and contributes to the development of this terrible disease.

Diabetes mellitus, 1 st and 2 nd type. Description

When the cells of the wounded pancreas are destroyed gradually under the influence of destructive factors, the cells of the body are badly lacking insulin. Development of type 1 diabetes in the age of 26-30 years is called insulin-dependent. It develops very sharply, unexpectedly. A person for unknown reasons loses weight and besides constantly feels strong weakness and drowsiness. Young people and children are ill.

A sharp decrease in insulin below the norm causes severe coma. Therefore, insulin-dependent diabetes requires close, constant monitoring by doctors, and the patient for his own health is obliged to take hourly medication and diet.

The second type of diabetes occurs due to the fact that tissues gradually lose sensitivity to insulin. Diabetes acquired (insulin-resistant) appears after 35 years.

Symptoms of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

The disease manifests itself almost equally in both the first and second types. Analyzes will help determine it accurately. And that and other diabetes is a disease of the endocrine sector of the body and manifests itself as follows:

• Constant thirst;
• Itching;
• hunger;
• Constant urge to go to the toilet;
• The smallest wounds can not heal for a long time;
• Weakness, drowsiness.

Thus, diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 manifest itself. The difference in symptoms is that with the 1 st type, a person loses weight sharply, and in case of a second diabetes, on the contrary, he rapidly accumulates it.

Diabetes is non-insulin-dependent: causes and effects

The development of diabetes acquired (type 2) does not occur immediately, blood sugar increases, and insulin should also increase. Uncontrolled use of sweets, a person brings the amount of insulin in the blood to a peak, then the pancreas gets tired constantly in a state of stress, and the cells of the body no longer react to the insulin that is.

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes also leads to the destruction of the body, like the 1st type. But not so fast.

The consequence of diabetes can be:

• Impaired vision;
• Problems with nerve endings;
• Circulatory disorders (prolonged blood supply disorders of the extremities lead to gangrene and subsequent amputation).

However, if you constantly prick insulin, such devastating consequences for the body will not.

Comparison of the 1st and 2nd type of diabetes

Consider in more detail diabetes mellitus, 1, 2 types. The difference between the mechanism of the disease is understandable. Of course, the patient will take blood for analysis and find out the entire history of the disease before making a diagnosis.

The doctor, of course, needs to understand the full picture of the disease, and for this, glucose in the blood of the patient is closely monitored. But there are several important characteristics that divide type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The difference is clearly visible in the table. We will get acquainted with this information in more detail.

From the data of the table it is possible to understand how different are the types 1 and 2 diabetes. The difference - in the features of the development of the disease, in the analysis, flow and treatment of the disease.

Diabetes 1 and 2 types: difference. Table of blood glucose level

In medicine, it is also common to divide diabetes by the level of sugar. Sugar is normal - up to 7 mmol / l. Deviations from the norm may indicate the onset of the disease.

Let's trace these deviations and establish on them type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The difference in the level of sugar gives information only to physicians. Patients do not understand why this is necessary. But you can try to understand this question.

These indicators do not lie and give accurate information for the endocrinologist and nutritionist, who will be engaged in restoring the balance of nutrition.

The work of insulin in the body

Insulin participates in metabolic processes in the body, primarily in the metabolism of carbohydrates. Failures in the metabolic system lead to serious health problems. When this hormone is not enough, sugar is not absorbed by cells, it freely "drifts" through the circulatory system. In the body, ketone bodies accumulate, which are the strongest biofuel. Ketoacidosis develops, and the organism, poisoned by ketone bodies , falls into a coma.

Having noticed some signs of diabetes, you should immediately consult a doctor.

By the way, the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes is also that ketoacitosis is inherent mainly in an insulin-dependent type of disease. While type 2 diabetes does not pass all stages so quickly, it can be diagnosed faster.

Insulin rate

The importance of insulin is indicated by the presence of a disease such as diabetes. In children and adults, this indicator is different. Insulin is measured only on an empty stomach, since the eaten food immediately raises its level.

For adults, the normal reading is 3-25 μU / ml. For children, a higher value is permissible-up to 20 μU. And for pregnant and elderly people (more than 60 years) the indicator is up to 35 microU.

In adolescence, the body changes, and the level of insulin from the age of 13-14 begins to depend on the amount of food eaten. Therefore, from now on the child no longer needs to give many sweets.

Diabetes 1 and 2 types. Difference in treatment

Type 1 diabetes is rapidly progressing. Therefore, the patient has to prick insulin earlier. Insulin is short-acting and prolonged. The prolonged hormone will last for 1.5 days.

Which of them to choose, advises the attending physician. Without taking insulin, diabetes can not be cured. What is the difference (type 1 and type 2 disease is certainly different) in diabetic treatment and does this treatment help? It helps, but only when the diet prescribed by the doctor is observed.

And the development of insulin-resistant diabetes, as mentioned, is very slow. He exposed people with a large body weight. The very first treatment for these people is to start to monitor proper nutrition and regulate their weight. It is because of improper diet that diabetes is acquired in most cases.

There are norms of the ratio of height and weight of a person. These norms need to gradually bring weight. Too dramatically rush to other extremes and not to starve. Perhaps you need the help of nutritionists and psychologists. The treatment then mainly takes place with the help of tablets. Only in serious cases are already prescribed injections.

Products for diabetics. Glycemic index

Without fail, a person with diabetes should monitor the amount of calories absorbed. For women, the food reserve in 1800-2000 kcal per day is the norm, and for the male - 2500-2700 kcal. It is also useful to monitor the glycemic index of foods. Glycemic index of the product indicates the content of glucose in it. The higher the index, the faster the glucose level in the body.

Diabetics need to know the exact time when they inject insulin. So the glycemic index will tell the time when the eaten food is absorbed by the body. After all, products with a high index will be processed longer.

Nutritionists have already calculated this index for many products and laid down convenient tables. And a diabetic, based on the data in the table, will be able to choose products with a low index.

So, all the main indicators are clear. There is no doubt about how dangerous type 1 and type 2 diabetes are. The difference between the course and treatment of these two types is unquestionable. Unfortunately, many people already know, in their experience, what is acquired diabetes. And health is better to protect, as they say, from the youth.