How to insulate the house with foam plastic? Thermal insulation of house foam by own hands: instructions

Warming the house allows you to make life in it much more comfortable and save significant amounts of heating. Today, a large number of various modern materials are produced, perfectly suited for insulation of walls, floors and ceilings. However, most of them are quite expensive. Therefore, many owners of country private homes prefer to insulate their homes in the old-fashioned way - mineral wool or polystyrene. At a low cost, these materials are characterized by excellent performance and ease of installation. In this article in detail we will understand how to insulate the house with foam plastic.

Advantages of foamed plastics

The merits of foam can include the following:

• A light weight. The plates are 98% composed of air.
• Cheapness. This material is much cheaper than all other heaters.
• Long enough service life.
• The possibility of use for warming the house both outside and inside.
• Ease of installation.
• Versatility. It is possible to insulate the house with foam plastic by hand, in any case, regardless of whether its walls are laid out of wood, concrete or brick.

disadvantages

The disadvantages of polystyrene foam include its fragility and shorter service life than modern materials. In addition, it is not recommended to use it for warming the walls of houses in the case where the mice live in them. The fact that the rodents do in the foam materials moves and arrange burrows. In this case, of course, the heat insulator loses some of its heat-preserving properties.

Preparation of materials

Before we learn how to insulate the house with polystyrene, we will understand what materials should be prepared beforehand. To carry out insulation you will need to buy:

• Well sharpened knife.
• Punch.
• A hammer.
• Putty knife.
• Reinforcing mesh.
• Dowels "fungi".
• Base planks. You can take a wide profile (for the thickness of the foam) or bars.

Of course, you need to know about how to warm the house with foam plastic. For residential buildings usually take a material with a thickness of at least 40 mm. The best option is a ten centimeter foam. With respect to the length and width of the plates, there are no restrictions. You can cut them with a conventional knife.

Warming of the house outside. Preparatory work

Most of the residential buildings are insulated from the outside. In this case, this procedure will be much more effective. It's all about the location of the dew point. When insulated from the outside, it will be outside the walls. If you insulate the house from inside - inside them. Therefore, first consider the way to isolate walls from the side of the street.

Do you want to warm the house with polystyrene? Then without preliminary preparation of surfaces not to manage! The latter must be thoroughly cleaned of dirt and grease stains. In the event that the walls are made of wood, they should be treated with antiseptic and fire-fighting compounds. On concrete walls, all projecting mounds should be brought down and cemented with slurry, pit and chipped. Further surfaces are treated with a deep penetration primer.

If the walls of the house are new, smooth and even, it is not necessary to primer them. Very old, crumbling surfaces, as well as made of porous concrete, are treated twice. In particularly neglected cases, the walls are additionally plastered by adding PVA glue to the cement slurry.

Warming windows

The answer to the question of how to insulate the house with polystyrene foam comes down to how to insulate windows and doors. Start work on the plating of the building you need from them. Preliminarily, you should arrange a window sill. It should support the surface of the insulated walls by at least 4 cm. Slopes of windows and doors - for fire safety - are not insulated with foam plasters, but with mineral wool strips.

Installation of socle profile

On how to insulate the facade of the house with polystyrene, or rather, about the method of mounting sheets, let's talk a little lower. At the first stage, you need to fix the socle profile. In the future, it will serve as a support for the first row of insulation plates. Mount it using the building level strictly horizontally. Preliminary in the wall make holes (three for each meter of the length of the cap). The slats are fastened to an anchor or dowel-nails.

Kneading of glue

Begin to insulate the building can only in dry weather, at a temperature of +5 ... + 30 ^о С. The glue is kneaded according to the instructions (indicated on the packaging). When you make it, you should use a drill with a special nozzle. Manual mixing of a qualitative, homogeneous composition will not. After the first mixing, the agent is usually aged for five minutes and thoroughly mixed again.

Pasting sheets

So, how to properly insulate the house with foam plastic? The glue can be applied both to the walls and to the plates themselves. The second method is preferable. In this case, first spread the mixture around the perimeter of the plate at a distance of about 2 cm from the edges. You can not make solid strips. They must be intermittent. This is necessary for the air outlet. According to the area of the sheet, the glue is splashed with steps of 10 cm. In the event that the adhesive is treated with walls, it is necessary to apply it only under one sheet at a time. After blasting, the foam is pressed firmly against the surface and held for a few seconds in this position. Next proceed with the installation of the second sheet. Mount the foam plastic in rows and in a runaway. This means that each sheet of the upper row should be set in offset with respect to the pieces of the lower row. Plates spread along the length, along the entire building. When gluing it is necessary to prevent the glue from entering the joint seams. This will reduce the quality of insulation. We glue the seams separately - at the final stage.

Additional fixation

After pasting all the walls wait about five days, after which they additionally fix the plates with plastic "fungi". This step is one of the main answers to the question of how to properly insulate a wooden house, brick, block or concrete. And to warm not somehow, but qualitatively. In the last three cases, the holes for the "fungus" must be performed in advance. When installing sheets on chopped walls or paving stones, you can drill them later, directly through the foam. The length of plastic dowels should be such that the wall included at least 5-6 cm of their rod. They are hammered with a hammer, so that the cap is snug against the plate and does not press it. On each sheet should be a minimum of two dowels. And plus one fastener in each T-shaped joint.

Foam reinforcement

How to insulate the house from the outside with polystyrene foam, we found out. However, in order to ensure that the slabs do not move, and the plaster does not crumble, the glued walls must necessarily be reinforced. To do this, foam surfaces are coated with a special adhesive layer in a half centimeter. Apply the composition from top to bottom with a wide spatula, carefully leveling. The grid (with a 2.5x2.5 mm cell) is cut into strips and pasted on the walls also from top to bottom (like wallpaper). Since this material is thin enough, during mounting it can be jammed. Straighten the mesh with the same spatula. To smooth it it is necessary, achieving full drowning in glue. Overlapping should be at least 5 cm horizontally and vertically. At the corners, the grid is wound on the adjoining wall in such a way that the overlap is at least 15 cm. After the reinforcement is installed, the surface passes through a second layer of the solution.

Fine finishing

In the event that the facade of the house is supposed to be painted, in the next step it is treated with putty in two layers. If decorative plaster is used for decoration, this step can be skipped.

Thermal insulation of the house from the inside with foam. Mounting of plates on walls

Sometimes there is no possibility to insulate the house from the outside. For example, it is already lined with clean material or some unheated farm buildings adjoin it. Therefore, let's consider how to insulate the house with foam plastic from the inside. The material is mounted using a wooden frame.

On the walls simply fixing bars corresponding to the thickness of foam plastic size. Between them and the plates are mounted. They fix them to the walls on the same dowels, "fungi". You can also glaze the slabs with glue. Over the foam on the frame, pull the vapor barrier film (foil inside the room). Fix it with brusochkami. Next on the resultant control, a finishing material is mounted .

We warm the floor and floors

Warming the foam floor is also easy to perform. First, he is stuffed with bars. Further, a waterproofing film is laid between them . Then the plates of foam are inserted. Above them, directly on the bars, a board is mounted. Overlapping is also insulated from above. At the same time, a vapor barrier film is attached to the top and bottom of the foam board. If there is no attic in the house, it is necessary to perform warming from below. In this case, the plates are inserted into the frame.

What you need to know about

There are several rules for insulation of walls with polystyrene foam:

• On a flat surface it is better to use a rigid reinforcing mesh, at the corners - soft.
• In wet weather, the house can not be insulated from inside or outside. In the second case, it is also desirable that there is no wind.
• If the material is mounted in a frame, there must always be an air gap between it and the finishing skin. That is why the vapor barrier is attached to the bars. The thickness of the air layer depends entirely on their thickness. For residential premises, it should be at least 3 cm. The temperature and humidity of the air inside the house is always higher than outside. Therefore, condensation forms on the walls. When using a vapor barrier, moisture will settle on it. Passing through the air layer, the air simply dries it, which is an additional guarantee of dryness, and consequently, the effectiveness of the insulation.

So, you now know how to properly insulate the house with polystyrene foam. As you can see, this is quite simple. If you do everything correctly, using technology, carefully and accurately, you can get a very high quality thermal insulation and significantly improve the performance of the building.