Fachwerks - what is it? Facade, decoration and design of a house in the style of half-timbered houses

Probably, many lovers of traveling drew attention in Western Europe to charming fairy-tale houses. They themselves are a vivid attraction. Today, such houses are beginning to build in Russia, America, Australia. And yet the most familiar place for them is Germany. Of course, many of our readers have already guessed that it will be a question of fachwerk houses. What it is? Let's understand.

We study the half-timbered frame

This is a special construction design of a certain type. In other words, it is a rigid frame made of a beam, which is formed by a system of horizontal, diagonal, vertical elements - racks, beams, and braces. The gaps are filled with a thermal insulation material. In the beginning, clay, stone, and adobe were used. Today houses in the style of half-timbered houses are built with the use of modern insulation, sandwich panels. The choice of such materials in our days is huge, so it depends on the customer's preferences and financial capabilities. Now you understand what fachwerk is. Let's figure out where and how it's used.

The facade of the house in the style of fachwerk in the old days was different - it was left in its original form, then they began to enclose the building with brick and plaster. The most prosperous owners lined it with wooden panels.

Today the facade of the house in the style of half-timbered buildings can be decorated more diversely. Often the walls are covered with moisture-proof plywood, and then they are finished in accordance with the wishes of the owners - they are lined with brick or natural stone, lining or various panels. There is only one invariable feature: half-timbered is a structure in which the frame is visible from the outside. When the house is plastered and painted, the frame remains untouched. The whole point of this style is that the racks, beams, crossbars and braces originally divide the walls of the building, thus giving it a special attraction.

Typically, the house, made in the style of a half-timbered house, has a two-pitched, rarely a four-pitched roof. Today, many designers claim that half-timbered is an architectural style. But initially the meaning of this term is translated from German: Fach - section, Werk - construction. Consequently, half-timbered construction is a structure from sections. With this sorted out.

Fachwerks: what is this design

According to some sources, this technology has more than five hundred years, according to others, it has already celebrated the 1000th anniversary. But despite this, the methods of construction have not undergone major changes. Just like several centuries ago, the building is built on a rigid wooden frame. True, if you used to use a regular beam, then today the glued beam is used as the most durable. It does not have cracks and knots, and therefore it looks much more aesthetic. For such a structure it is important, since the frame is also an ornament of the house.

The construction of houses in the style of half-timbered houses in our days is not at all more difficult than the rapid erection of buildings from light steel structures. Many people who are thinking about building their own house are interested in fachwerks. What is this design, how much more profitable than modern buildings, built of new materials on modern technologies? Let's try to answer these questions.

Features of style

The house, built in the style of a half-timbered house, the photo of which you see in this article, does not accept the use of metal - screeds that can spoil the interior. Elements are still connected by a tree - thorns, cuttings, nagels. I must say that such compounds were used in homes that have already turned 400-500 years old. Agree, this is a good advertisement for this technology.

Frame half-timbered is light, it allows you to build houses on a shallow, inexpensive foundation. Finishing the house in the style of a half-timbered house opens up great opportunities for glazing. You can create whole walls of glass. Deaf wall openings are usually insulated with glass wool or lightweight aerated concrete. Inside, they are lined with a gypsum fiber sheet, which significantly improves sound insulation, and also serves as additional protection against cold.

How to start construction

Of course, with the design. A quality house project is half the success. This means that with the proper quality of construction work the house will serve the owner for more than a decade. It is better to order an individual project, which even in small things will suit the customer.

Duration of construction

Today you can buy ready-made frames made at the factory, which allow you to build a half-timbered house. That this will significantly speed up the process, there is no doubt. The production of it at the plant takes from two to six weeks. At this time, a foundation is being prepared at the construction site. A skeleton is installed, filled with a heater, the roof is erected, and the exterior and interior walls are finished. This takes two or three more months. It is necessary to create a heating system. It can also be different - stove, steam, water, etc. The laying of communications, too, will take some time. At the same time, it can be said that the half-timbered building is being built quite quickly, like any other frame construction.

Fachwerk in Russia

This technology is applicable only for the construction of houses for permanent residence only in a warm climate. So it was considered until recently. However, the technologies are constantly being updated, and today architects building fachwerks in Russia use the technology of "warm floor", use high-quality double-glazed windows, the frame is filled with sandwich-insulants, and the exterior walls are also bricked. As a result of such operations, old, good fachwerks become reliable, comfortable, withstanding very low temperatures. That this is a house that is suitable for permanent residence, there is no doubt.

Fachwerker interior

This question should be approached creatively. The existing system of beams can not hide anywhere, and whether it is necessary to do it. They carry in themselves the spirit of antiquity. They just need to be played out in an original way. For this you can use any style - from minimalism to German country.

Beams can be artificially aged if desired, use more natural wood in the interior, lay a board or "antique" tile on the floor. In this case, use solid solid furniture. Get rough textiles, self-made mats. Modern technology is best hidden behind the cabinets' facades.

If you are closer to minimalism, think ahead of glazing of large areas. The rooms will become spacious, flooded with light. Paint the frame and beams in white, and on the floor, lay the whitewashed parquet. The walls must necessarily be of soft light tones. Set a laconic and compact fireplace, a minimal amount of furniture, and the gingerbread house of the fairy tale will turn into a strict and light house of modern man.

It should be noted that there is no specific style in which frameworks are framed. What kind of style will it be for the owner of housing. From time immemorial, such houses were united only by the presence of a hearth and a frame.

Interior in the style of half-timbered houses

This is a very conventional name. In fact, such a house can be issued in different ways. Focus on the frame, painting it in a contrasting color. Floors can be any - wooden, stone (for this tile is used). As well as outside the house, on the inner partitions the frame must be visible. The walls in the half-timbered house should be light. For this purpose, the most suitable is textured plaster. Beams can be used to organize lighting, in addition, they can be used as shelves or brackets for storing different utensils. In the interior of the frame, it is permissible to use forging. It can be a horseshoe or even a wheel of a cart.

Today you learned a little about nice houses - half-timbered houses, learned what constitutes their design, how long it takes to build and how they can be designed. We hope that this information will be useful to you, and you will someday use it in practice.