Area of India. Several geographical facts

India (another name - Bharata) is one of the largest states in the world in the world. In addition, it is a country with such long-standing traditions that it can rightfully be called "the cradle of civilization." The achievements of India in the ancient and middle ages in the field of medicine, culture, philosophical and religious teachings had a huge impact on the emergence and further development of the civilization of the East.

Some statistics

The area of India is quite extensive. The country stretches 3,214 km from north to south and 2,033 km from west to east is located not only on the territory of the Indian Peninsula (in South Asia), a triangular wedge going into the Indian Ocean, but also occupies islands in the southeast of the Arabian Sea. If you compare the area of India in square. Km and the population, it becomes clear that this is a very densely populated country. It ranks second in the world in terms of population, and in territory - only the seventh.

Area of India in square. Km - more than 3 000 000. Population - 1 220 800 359 people (according to 2013 data). For fans of specific figures, let us clarify that the area of India for 2014 is 3,287,263 square meters. Km. The country borders on the following states: Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Bhutan, Nepal, Burma and Bangladesh. In addition, the sea straits separate India from Sri Lanka and Indonesia.

Population

The national composition is diverse. A vast area of India is inhabited by Dravidians, Telugu, Marathas, Hindus, Bengalis and many small tribes and nationalities. About 80% of them are Muslims, about 14% are Christians, there are also Sikhs and Buddhists. Of the many languages spoken by the population of India, the state recognized 18. The official national languages of the country are English and Hindi.

Life expectancy for men in India is on average 58 years, for women - 59. Since the beginning of the last century, men have always been slightly larger than women (1000 to 929). In the last decades of the twentieth century, thanks to the development of medicine and the improvement of living standards, the life expectancy of Indians has almost doubled.

At the same time, high fertility continues to persist in the country, due to moral and religious norms and a low level of literacy of the population, which leads to a tension in the demographic situation.

The state today

Territorially the whole area of India is divided into states (there are only 28), and there are also 7 union territories. The state division that remained from the time of colonial dependence was reorganized in 1956. The boundaries of the new states were formed according to the national-linguistic sign. Despite the gradual increase in the standard of living in the country, the Indians are still mostly below the poverty line. 2/3 of the world's inhabitants with the lowest incomes live in India. The main occupation of the country's population is agriculture. India is the motherland and the main supplier of many crops to the world agrarian market: sugar cane, rice, cotton. She also has a leading role in the production of tea, peanuts, etc. In addition, the state is rich in natural resources. The reserves of coal and manganese ore here are some of the world's largest.

Economy

India's light industry is represented by both modern and artisanal enterprises. The whole world is famous for Indian cotton fabrics, gorgeous silk, leather, furs, jewelry. The leading place in the export belongs to products made of precious and semiprecious stones, the beauty of which the country is legitimately proud of.

In every state, city and every locality there are their craft industries. The government of India stimulates the development of a variety of industries by creating industrial parks - territories with lower taxes and land prices. Monetary unit of the country is the Indian rupee.

A bit of geography

Almost the entire area of India is occupied by the Deccan plateau. In the northern part of the country is the highest mountain system in the world - the Himalayas. About 3/4 of the peninsula's territory consists of plains and plateaus framed by mountains from the west and east. The main rivers - Ganges, Indus and Brahmaputra, their fertile deltas are among the most densely populated areas of the country.

The climate on the peninsula is mostly tropical. During the summer monsoon, 70 to 90% of the total rainfall is spilled. The Shillong Plateau in India is considered the wettest place on the continents of the globe.

Vegetation is represented by savannas, steppes and mountain meadows, as well as forests: from conifers to tropical evergreens, which cover about 1/4 of the entire territory.

The animal world in India is diverse, like anywhere else in the world. Many representatives of the fauna in the country are revered as sacred, their murder is forbidden, so it is not uncommon in cities and on the roads to see freely cows, monkeys, various birds.

In the southern forests of the country there are still herds of wild elephants, occasionally there are almost extinct rhinoceroses and even tigers. India - the owner of the world's largest livestock of livestock (cows, goats, buffaloes, camels). Sacred animals are also considered elephants, which from antiquity here are subject to training.

India is a beautiful exotic country, extraordinarily attractive for tourists, each of which will find in it something of its own.