Antibiotics of fluoroquinolones - active fighters for your health

In 1962, when the first strong drugs of this class appeared, no one predicted such a success. They were invented as a means for treating infections of the urogenital tract, but later they became the most popular antibiotics. In medical practice this drug group began to be actively used only in the 80s of the XX century. And today, fluoroquinolone antibiotics are simply indispensable in the treatment of respiratory diseases. On the territory of Russia, the worldwide classification of these antibiotics by generations is popular. But, unfortunately, this division of preparations does not allow to identify their chemical composition and spectrum of action. Therefore, most often about fluoroquinolones (antibiotics) are spoken, singling out 2 groups - old and new.

Classification of the medicine

The drugs of the old group include drugs "Ofloxacin", "Enoxacin", "Ciprofloxacin" and others. New antibiotics are medicines "Sparfloxacin", "Klinafloxacin", "Moxifloxacin". However, some of the developed medicines are no longer produced, as scientists have been found to have serious side effects when they are used.

Use of antibiotics

This group of medicines has traditionally been used for diseases of the urinary system, intestinal infections and in diseases that are sexually transmitted. For the treatment of respiratory diseases, fluoroquinolones are rarely used, although they are able to actively affect certain types of pathogens.

Effects of drugs

Antibiotics of fluoroquinolones are perfectly absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and are maximally concentrated in liquid tissues 3 hours after their application. If you eat at the same time, active absorption will slow down slightly, but the action will be just as active. The mechanism of action of the drugs is the inhibition of DNA-gyrase and topoisomerase IV of microbes, so there is no cross-resistance with other antimicrobial agents. Widely used these antibiotics in gynecology (diseases of the female reproductive system), in particular with inflammation of the pelvic organs, which arise because of the activity of microorganisms penetrating the upper genital tract. It is recommended to take quinolones on an empty stomach, although it is permissible to use it after eating.

Side effects

Antibiotics fluoroquinolones are well tolerated when ingested and with intravenous injection. Adverse reactions occur rarely, but if they appear, it usually affects the activity of the digestive tract and the functioning of the nervous system. There may be nausea, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, convulsions, nervousness. In general, this group of antibiotics is characterized by excellent pharmacokinetic parameters.

The main stages of action of fluoroquinolones

1. Penetration through the membrane into the cell.
2. Inhibition of DNA-gyrase enzyme.
3. Biosynthesis of DNA.
4. Destruction of the cell division algorithm .
5. Changing the structure of the cell.
6. The death of the cell.

This group of antibiotics is widely used in medicine, and with proper use it can provide effective support to human health.