A public office is what? Definition

Many people are interested in career choice. People want not only to earn more, but to realize themselves, achieve success, and deserve respect in society. And the current explosion of patriotism leads to the fact that young people are striving to power bodies. These people should understand what a public office is. This is a necessary condition for not getting serious trouble instead of success. Let's figure out what is the difference between the position of the civil service and other places of application of its own forces. We should begin by reviewing the structure of power.

Why the State

From the very title of the concept under consideration, it follows that there are a number of functions that the population delegates to the superstructure. This is how the state is defined in science. People gather to make life easier. The right to lead the processes they give to special structures, called the state. The system is now complex and ramified.

A public position is a place of work in the very structures responsible for the development of society. The goal of the system is one: to maintain order and opportunities for progressive transformations in all spheres of life. For this purpose, laws and other documents mandatory for employees and citizens are created. Their texts and essence are aimed at the implementation of development programs, as they are understood by those people who take part in making important decisions.

In this sense, the public position is a cog in the system that influences life in the country. The mechanism, in theory, should work perfectly, not to give serious failures. Therefore, the activities of civil servants are strictly regulated and controlled. These people must obey many rules, including in their personal lives.

Responsibility in the civil service

An important condition for the performance of duties in any work is their understanding. With this, hardly anyone will argue. Positions in the state body are different from other topics that people have a responsibility in the long run for the whole country. The system that develops and implements solutions does not have the right to make a mistake. People who know the history, well understand what leads to oversights or glitches.

The thing is that society constantly demands from the state something. One has few benefits, others need opportunities, others do not want to put up with the rules that are unfair, in their opinion. This is completely normal. However, the system must resolve all stress points, negotiate with citizens. The critical mass of disaffected people can lead to the breakdown of the state. And in the present conditions, this means bloodshed.

It turns out that a public position is a huge responsibility, including for the lives of fellow citizens. And it does not matter in which sphere a person works, he represents the whole system in his small section. From his decisions, public peace depends.

Concept of public office

The principal philosophical side was dismantled, now it is necessary to look at the bureaucratic-structural moments. Positions of civil servants are ordinary workplaces organized by the system. This is done through the formation of a number of documents. That is, the state body accepts the staff list, which contains a list of posts. Everyone is determined by the terms of reference. On this basis, instructions are formed, which the employee has no right to derogate from.

In the civil service everything is strictly regulated, that is, bureaucratized. If the instruction says, for example, that an employee is required to receive citizens and write protocols, then they will ask for it. And to resolve other issues, he will not be allowed on an official level. Control over the activities of people representing the state is conducted in accordance with the laws and internal documents, to which these instructions refer.

Signs of public office

The system consists of bricks, yet they are compared with cogs of a complex mechanism. Not all people working in this huge structure are civil servants. For example, you can lead the secretary of the head. This person does not make decisions, is a technical worker. A public office has such features:

1. They are part of the organizational structure.
2. They assume part of the competence of the state.
3. They are rigidly fixed structural unit, described documented, not dependent on the person who occupies it.
4. They have the right to make decisions on behalf of the state.

The title of the post should reflect the essence of the authority. The employee, who occupies it, acts strictly in accordance with the law, that is, he must know it.

What are the public positions

The system that organizes the activities of a huge country has many tasks and functions. She selects people to perform certain work. Therefore, public positions are distinguished by:

• Types of activities;
• Scope of competence;
• Methods of substitution.

In addition, it is usually indicated whether it is occupied or vacant. It is possible to replace a public post in the order of appointment or on a competitive basis. It is determined by special regulations describing a particular cell of the system. For example, an assistant to the federal minister is appointed, and a specialist in personnel of the regional or district administration is selected on a competitive basis.

State civil positions

In the country it is necessary to organize effective work of set of services. According to the law "On the State Civil Service of the Russian Federation," the establishment of posts in whose terms of reference these tasks are included. These jobs fall into four categories:

• Leaders;
• Assistants;
• Two kinds of specialists.

Each has its own competence. So, the leaders and their deputies are responsible for the work of the institutions and their structural subdivisions of the federal level, their territorial divisions. Assistants or advisers contribute to the work of the first of the described categories. Specialists are professionals in a narrow field. They organize the work of a narrow focus in accordance with the distribution of responsibilities. Supporting specialists include accountants, people, leading document management, business executives and others.

Federal public offices

It should be noted that Russia is a large country, consisting of a multitude of actors. Public service is arranged just as hard. Distinguish the categories of workers, usually by source of funding. So, those civil servants who receive money from the central budget are federal. The location of the body in which they work can be any. However, they are subject to federal laws, as well as orders and orders from the capital. This is a special category of employees who perform the functions of the state as a whole. In the subjects of the federation, there are own workers who receive money from local budgets. These people perform the functions of the state on a "reduced scale". That is, their competence extends only to a certain subject who created the post.

Requirements for candidates for holding public office

The system carefully monitors that the people representing it perform their duties at a sufficient level. This work is carried out at the legislative level. That is, the legal act describes who can be accepted as a civil servant. It should be a citizen of the Russian Federation, capable, of full age and not having a criminal record. A person accepting an appointment, undertakes to obey rather rigid restrictions. They are described in the above-mentioned law (Article 17). In particular, civil servants are prohibited from engaging in business, buying certain shares, using the provision for enrichment and obtaining privileges. For example, a violation of this article can be considered a foreign trip at the expense of a third party. Taking bribes is also impermissible, as well as providing paid services to stakeholders, including consultations of enterprises and organizations.