World records in athletics. The oldest records of the world in athletics

The leadership of the British Athletics Federation put forward the idea of zeroing world records in athletics. This is due to the large number and scale of doping scandals in 2015. The initiative was understood by the president of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) Sebastian Coe.

He suggested canceling the "suspicious" higher results that could be achieved with the use of banned drugs. Such records still seem unattainable today.

History

The first professional athletes appeared in the middle of the XIX century in England. At the same time, the registration of the best results in various kinds of athletics competitions began for the first time. The first records of the world in athletics were recorded in the race for 1 mile. With the organization in 1914 of international governing bodies, the IAAF, rules were developed for registering the highest achievements and a list of disciplines in which they were recorded.

Gradually, the methods of measuring the results and conditions of the competitions were regulated, so that the value of records would not be questioned. In 1968 in Mexico, at the Olympic Games, in the running disciplines for the first time the most automated time measurement system was used. The result was fixed to the nearest hundredths of a second. World records in track and field athletics in throwing and jumping began to be registered with the help of the most modern measuring instruments and electronic systems.

The basic rules for the ratification of world records

To put athletes in equal conditions, for the recognition of a record, it is necessary to comply with the strict rules established by the IAAF. So, covering treadmills, finishing equipment, marking - everything must conform to the approved standards. World records are not recorded - the best results in track and field athletics - in competitions where athletes of different sex participate, or if athletes with different nationalities run in the relay team. When running sprint races up to 200 m and horizontal jumps, the tailwind should not exceed 2 m / s. For gated competitions, gusts up to 4 m / s are allowed.

The most important condition for the successful registration, which must pass in international sports bodies world records in athletics, is the implementation of strict anti-doping control measures. Any violation of the rules of taking samples and conducting their research makes the highest achievements illegitimate. Precisely around these issues there are doubts about the patterns of especially extraordinary world achievements.

Varieties of world achievements

The most prestigious in the track and field athletics world are the records established by men and women in Olympic athletics, in competitions held outdoors. After the Olympics, the second most important competition for track and field athletes is the summer world championship. The records of the World Championships in Athletics are an honorable achievement for any runner, thrower or all-round competitor. Winter championships, held in sports arenas under the roof, have their own specifics and their table of highest achievements.

Any meaningful competition of athletes has its own history, and therefore its own table of achievements. Records of the Olympic Games, continental championships, the largest stages of the athletics Grand Prix - a powerful incentive for any athlete. The largest sports facilities also conduct their annals of the best results, which can be constantly updated.

Records at different ages

In the history of sports there are a lot of stars that showed record results at different stages of their sports career. In the table, which records the world records in track and field athletics among juniors, there are the names of those who later achieved the highest results in adulthood. The fastest sprinter of the planet, Usain Bolt, owns the world record in the 200 m race and the junior world record - 19,93 s and the adult - 19,19 s.

After the termination of career in the big sports the present athlete does not stop active trainings. Holding competitions between veterans promotes the popularity of sports, and world records in athletics among veterans are an excellent incentive not to reduce competitive activity in adulthood. Track and field athletes compete in their age groups and try to beat the records shown by one-year-olds.

Leap into the next millennium

Experts are often asked how often the highest results in different athletics disciplines can be updated and to what extent. In history, there were records that seemed unshakable, but surpassed by the sportsmen of future generations. One of the brightest examples - the achievement of a long-distance jumper Bob Bemon.

In the final Olympics in Mexico City he was able to jump at 8.90 m. The previous world record was exceeded by a fantastic 55 cm. On the day of the final, the rain was drizzling, the wind was within the norm. It was said that he, like all athletes, was helped by the rarefied air of the highlands. Judges for a long time could not correctly measure the "flight" Bemon, and when there were record numbers, no one could long believe in their correctness. This record was considered eternal, but it took 23 years, and American jumper Mike Powell exceeded him at the World Championships in 1991 in Tokyo by 5 cm. Beamon's achievement remains an Olympic record.

The oldest record

If it is decided to reset the table of world records, the achievements will fall, which may well be fulfilled for half a century. The oldest records of the world in athletics were shown at a time when the use of stimulants was not subjected to such cruel prohibitions as today. Therefore, many people have expressed the illegitimacy of their presence in the list of higher achievements, although they are shown not by "caliphs for an hour", but by athletes who have gone through a long and difficult path to the summit.

July 26, 1983 Czechoslovak runner Yarmila Kratokhvilova ran 2 laps in the stadium - 800 m - for 1 minute 53.28 seconds. She was already an experienced athlete and before sprinting in the middle distance was engaged in a sprint. Its result seems unrealistic for today's runners.

The oldest world record relating to the disciplines included in the track-and-field program is the record in the shot put in the core for enclosed spaces, also shown by the Czechoslovak sportswoman, Helena Fibingerova. On February 19, 1977 she sent a projectile to 20 m 50 cm. The best result for an open arena was also old-timers, he is the youngest by 9 years and more by 13 cm. He belongs to the Soviet athlete Natalia Lisovskaya.

Sport of the highest achievements

The world record is not only a reference point for all who play sports at a high level. In the modern world, where sport is also a developed branch of mass entertainment, the material incentive is also important. Bonuses and payments, which are designed world record-athletes, are expressed in significant numbers. It is not by chance that in high jump with a pole - a form in which the final height is appointed by the athlete and the coach - the greatest number of successful attempts to establish a new world record. The legendary Sergei Bubka is the author of 35 world records, and Elena Isimbaeva raised the bar at a record level 28 times.