What kind of daffodils are there? Sorts, their description and names

According to an ancient legend, an unusually handsome young man, called Narcissus, approached the stream and saw his reflection in it. He admired himself and could not tear his eyes from the water. Narcissus spent so long at the creek that he died of love for himself. Later on this place appeared an elegant flower with a lowered head. His people called him daffodil.

For a long period, a haze of light sadness, lyrical solitude and a misty dream flew around the flower. That is why one of the first varieties of daffodils, which began to decorate gardens and parks, was called Poetic. Breeders continued to work to diversify such beautiful flowers as daffodils. New varieties of this plant - colorful and bright, strong and cheerful, sparkled in the gardens and parks like spring sun bunnies. Gradually, color acquired a completely different symbolism. He began to bring joy and affirmation of life.

Origin

Daffodils are perennial onion plants. They belong to the family of Amaryllis. Where did the narcissus come from? Species, varieties of this flower are mostly from the Mediterranean. Homeland of some of them consider China and Central Asia.

For many millennia, the narcissus remains for man one of the most pleasing and exciting spring flowers. In the East it is even compared with the bottomless-beautiful view of the beloved. There are myths and legends about narcissus in every country. This amazing flower is also embodied in the paintings of many artists. You can find it on other art objects.

Europeans always considered narcissus a talisman, capable of attracting love. In Italy the spring flower is a symbol of passion.

Since ancient times narcissus was used to create perfume. He also found application in medicine. The essential oils of this plant and the substance alkaloid narcissin, contained in flower bulbs, were considered medicinal.

The useful qualities of a flower are not forgotten in our days. For example, it is grown in large quantities in China and other Eastern countries. It is necessary for obtaining natural essential oil. Without fragrant daffodil it is impossible to imagine New Year in China. Residents of this country decorate their homes with bright flowers.

The English also love daffodils. Varieties and various species of this bright plant in their popularity even managed to press the acknowledged queen of the garden - a rose.

Classification

Today, gardeners know more than sixty names of natural species, as well as hundreds of names of hybrids and varieties of narcissus. How not to get lost in this numerous list? For this purpose, the specialists developed the International Narcissus Classification. The huge number of forms of this flower was divided into 13 groups.

Varieties of daffodils, photos and names, which can be found in this article, give a vivid idea of the existing forms of these amazing flowers.

According to the International Classifier, each group is assigned its own numerical designation. When narcissuses are described, varieties have a certain code. He starts with the group number. Further through the dash follows that color combination, which has crowns and perianth segments. Also in the code, the initial letters of English words are used, which denote the color of the narcissus. For example, if it is white, then the letter w stands, if yellow is y, pink is p, orange is o, red is r, green is g.

Tubular varieties. Group 1

It includes narcissus - tubular varieties. Their structure is characterized by the presence of a single flower on the stem. In this case, the length of the tube is either equal to the length of the petals, or exceeds it.

In the group of tubular daffodils, flowers with a yellow and white color predominate. However, varieties can also occur with a different tone of the perianth and tube.

Learn this variety can be on the bulb. It is tubular daffodils large and reaches in diameter more than five centimeters. Varieties tend to breed well. That is why they are widely used for decorating gardens, as well as forcing and cutting.

There are three types of colors, on which tubular daffodils are additionally broken. Yellow varieties refer to the first of them. Especially interesting narcissus is Maximus. He enjoys well-deserved popularity among gardeners and is cultivated for quite a long period. Maximus is distinguished by large, brightly colored yellow flowers that adorn long (more than 75 cm) stems.

These are the best varieties of daffodils, which attract attention even when planted near larger species. At its base the flower tube has a dark green color. Rising to the base of the segments of the perianth, the color gradually turns into a bright green. For normal growth, this variety requires water-permeable, loose, nutritious soil. In this tubers need a deep landing.

To this type of tubular is Obvallyaris. These are early varieties of daffodils, which have a characteristic low-form form. A distinctive feature of Obvalarysis is its flat wide segments of the perianth and a considerably open tube. Coloring of these flowers is distinguished by its bright yellow color.

Other representatives of the same tubular type are Henry Irving, King Alfred. Gold comes in here as well.

The second type of tubular type is white. The most famous varieties of such daffodils are Hight Knight, Mystris Creelege and Madame de Graf. There are also other varieties of daffodils in the second type (see photos and names below). So, among bushes and on lawns are often planted:

1. Milner. Flowers of this variety are not strictly white, but slightly cream colored.
2. Peter Barr. These are daffodils with white and very large flowers.
3. Birshba. This variety is easy to recognize by very large flowers with shiny whites, which sometimes reach 13 cm across.
4. Kantara. This variety has even larger flowers than Birshiba, but they have a surprisingly beautiful shape.

The third type of tubular daffodils is two-color. In this group stands out Pseudonarcissus. In the wild, it occurs throughout Europe, as well as in the territory of Eastern Transcaucasia. The flower is so undemanding that it is happily planted in the non-dark areas of parkland and on lawns, which gives them more naturalness. Pseudonarcissus can multiply by self-seeding. It is characterized by slender stems and a pale yellow color of the perianth, turning into a darker tone at the crown (tube).

Spring Glory is one of the best varieties for pottery. It deserves attention with its fragrant vanilla scent. Very popular are also such famous varieties of bicolour daffodils as Imperor and Impress.

Coarse-grained. Group 2

It includes large daffodil daffodils. Varieties of this group have a single flower on the stem of a white or yellow color. Its diameter reaches 10 centimeters.
The inflorescence of the coarse-grained narcissus has six equal parts and a corrugated tubular elongated crown of bright orange color. It is located on the stem, which has a length of 30-50 cm. What is the difference between such narcissuses? Grades of coarse-grained plants have a smaller bulb than in the first group. Its diameter is approximately 3 cm.

The most popular varieties of large-crowned narcissuses are:

1. Velasquez. It is distinguished by a large corrugated crown and contrast of colors. So, the crown of this narcissus has a bright orange color, and the petals are soft cream.
2. Carlton. This narcissus distinguishes a bright yellow inflorescence with a tubular wavy yellow crown length.
3. China's Maid. This narcissus and crown, and petals have a gentle white color. But there is a bright spot in the variety. This is the yellow wavy border of the crown.
4. Professor Einstein. This snow-white daffodil, decorated with a crown of fiery red color.
5. The debutant. This variety is distinguished by a combination of white petals with a crown of rich pink color.

Other popular varieties of coarse-grained daffodils are Confucoco and Flower Record, Paola Verones and Rosi Sunrise, Kispruf and others.

Small crustaceans. Group 3

It includes daffodils, whose varieties are of the finely crusted type. They are single flowers on a stem with a crown length not exceeding one-third the length of the petals. In this group varieties with a white-cream color predominate. In such plants, as a rule, the average size and delicate aroma of flowers.

The most popular varieties:

1. The Amor. This is a huge white daffodil with a large crown, the color of which is dominated by orange and red tones.
2. Audubon. The petals of this flower are painted white, and the crown is creamy pink.
3. Edward Buchton. Daffodils of this variety have a greenish-yellow funnel-shaped crown with wavy edges of orange-yellow color.

All these varieties are designed to decorate gardens, as well as for forcing and cutting.
Under the code 3-o-g is a flower called Sabine Hey. These fabulously beautiful daffodils are late varieties. They have a crown of rich red color and an orange perianth.

Amazing "terry" representatives. Group 4

It includes terry daffodils, whose varieties have extraordinary beauty. The stem of this plant is decorated with one or several flowers. Crown of such daffodils - terry. The same feature can have the whole flower. Daffodils in the fourth group differ from each other in appearance, having a different shape and size. Their color is yellow, white, pinkish, orange or yellow-red. There are varieties and combined in the coloring of the petals.

For the first time, terry daffodils received spontaneously. This was the result of an unforeseen selection. But the unusual shape and beauty of the flower has led gardeners to further breeding of such varieties. And if in the early 19 century. List of types of terry daffodils was very small, but today they have already registered more than 1000. The most popular of them are:

1. The Acropolis. This is a white daffodil with a residual red crown.
2. Outer Space. The variety has white petals and a pink crown.
3. Chirumpeness. Fully terry white daffodil.
4. Flower Drift. White flower with an orange crown.
5. Golden Dukat. A huge bright yellow terry daffodil.
6. Texas. Yellow double flower.
7. Tahiti. Yellow double daffodil with a red crown.
Very beautiful terry daffodils. Grades of this group are used for decorating gardens, forcing and cutting.

Group 5

It includes varieties of triandrus. These are low plants, the stem of which reaches 25 cm. This narcissus is decorated with 2-3 flowers with a small crown. A characteristic feature of this group is the shape of the petals. They are slightly bent back. In addition, the triradus narcissuses possess a long and very narrow tube. Among the most common varieties can be identified:

1. Haveru. In this narcissus, the crown and perianth have a light yellow-lemon color. Shares of perianth oval-shaped. Crown - cup-shaped. This variety is late.
2. Liberty Belle. This is a daffodil with a bright greenish-yellow perianth. His crown is somewhat darker. The petals are narrow elliptical.
3. Tresample. On the peduncle of this narcissus there are three flowers. And at the top of them the arrangement is horizontal, and at the bottom - drooping. The crown has a cup-like shape. Its coloration at the very beginning of flowering becomes light-lemon-yellow, and then somewhat lightens.

All these varieties are used to decorate gardens.

Cyclamenoid plants. Group 6

This includes cyclical daffodils. They usually have a single drooping flower on the stem. Varieties of this group were obtained by crossing a specific cycloid-like narcissus and cultivated plant forms. As a result, plants with a thin crown are created, which sometimes exceeds the length of the perianth.

The petals of such varieties are bent back, and the flowers resemble cyclamen in their form. The most common narcissuses of group 6 are:

1. Jetfire. The flower of this narcissus has a diameter of 7.5 cm. The proportions of its perianth are bright yellow and round in shape. The petals are slightly bent back. The flower tube is bright orange with a dark corrugated edge. This variety belongs to the early varieties.
2. Baby Dol. This variety of daffodils has a bright yellow perianth. The tube is slightly ribbed in a cylindrical shape. Its edge is corrugated, and the color is orange-yellow.

The result of the work of breeders. Group 7

It includes Jonkillian daffodils. This variety was bred by breeders. To receive it, specialists took narcissus jonquil or sitnik. All varieties of this group please their flowering in late spring. Like the original form, they are sensitive to late frosts. In this regard, in regions where the cold climate prevails, they are cultivated only in protected areas.

What are the main differences between these daffodils? Varieties that are in the seventh group have on their peduncle from 2 to 6 flowers, which are distinguished by a short crown and a strong aroma. Their color can be white, yellow or bicolour.
The most common types are:

1. Cherry. The perianth stature of this variety of white daffodils with a shade of cream. The crown is sometimes light lemon, and sometimes creamy-white. The flower itself is tender, fragile and elegant. The variety is late.
2. Step Forward. On its peduncle there are two or three flowers. The color of the perianth is yellow. Crown changes its color. At the beginning of flowering, it is yellow, in the middle - light yellow, at the end - greenish-white. According to the terms of flowering grade refers to the average.
3. Suzy. On the peduncle of this narcissus there are two or three flowers arranged horizontally. The perianth is painted in a bright yellow tone. The crown of this narcissus is cup-shaped and reaches a height of 0.8-1 cm. Its diameter is 2.5 cm. The inner part of the crown has an orange color. Such a daffodil blossoms late.

Group 8

It includes multiflorous or tacilliform daffodils. These are very original plants with winter hardiness. On the pedicel, 2-8 can be formed, and sometimes all 20 pieces of fragrant flowers that are collected in the racemose inflorescence. These varieties are distinguished by rounded lobes, a small crown and dark green leaves.

The most ideal plant for natural planting and flowerbeds is Jonquillia narcissus multiflorous. The varieties most popular among gardeners are:

1. Geranium. On the peduncle of this narcissus is from 2 to 4 flowers, the first of which is the largest (up to 5.5 cm), and the subsequent - smaller. The perianth lobes are smooth and have a white color. The crown is a bright orange cup-shaped. Its diameter is 1.5 cm and its height is 0.7 cm. The variety is used, as a rule, for distillation.
2. Papyraseus grandiflorus. This is the largest variety included in this group. It is an old garden plant, the bulbs of which are used for forcing. The variety is so early that it can blossom already in December, and come immediately to replace the chrysanthemum. The outline of the flower of this narcissus is star-shaped. The segments of the perianth are slightly longer than the crown (if you compare this variety with other multicolor ones). The petals of the flower are white and loose in their structure. Narcissus has a pleasant aroma, in which, unfortunately, there are no lemon tones.

The best varieties of multicolor are the following: Minnow and Medusa, Scarlet Jam and Laurent Bonfire, Elvira and Silver Chimes.

Poetic daffodils. Group 9

It includes narcissuses, called Poetic. They are single flowers with a bright little crown, the length of which does not exceed one third of the perianth. The petals of poetic daffodils have a milky white color. Plants of winter hardiness. They grow beautifully in the shade. Bulb in poetic daffodils shallow. The most popular variety is Actaea. The proportions of the perianth of this narcissus are snow-white and reach a length of 3 cm. The base of the crown is greenish-yellow, and the rest of it is bright yellow with bright orange edges.

New representatives. Group 10

This bulbcodium hybrids with small flowers, reminiscent of its shape bells. This is a new group of daffodils, many varieties of which are still at the stage of breeding.

Crucified flowers. Group 11

These are split-root concoctions. It seems that their crown with fringed edges is torn to one third of its length. A very beautiful and rare narcissus belonging to this group is the Trilune variety. Its bright yellow crown is divided into three parts like a shamrock.

As for group 12, it includes those daffodils that are not listed in the above.

The thirteenth group includes natural types of spring flowers, as well as their hybrids.

Pink daffodils

These are amazing flowers, the magic beauty of which can amaze anyone. For the first time narcissus with a pink crown was withdrawn in 1921 by an Englishwoman Mrs. Beckhaus. And already then it became a sensation. The first pink narcissus was the ancestor of various varieties and hybrids.

And today they continue to be called "daffodils pink", the varieties of which belong to different groups according to the International Classifier. Such exquisite flowers are found in groups of terry and tubular, jonquilia and cyclamenoid, as well as split koron. These are varieties of Pita, Sheri, Audubon and many others.