What is the spider of the steering shaft, and how is it arranged?

The crosspiece of the steering shaft is one of the main components of the propeller shaft of each car. This mechanism performs the function of transferring the torque from the box to the drive axle (usually the rear axle) under an ever-changing angle during rotation. Today, we will look at how the cross-shaft of the steering shaft is constructed, from which it is manufactured and how it works.

Material

Directly the body of the mechanism is made of high-strength alloy steel. In the production of the mechanism called the steering shaft spider, a long heat treatment step takes place, which results in a high surface hardness of the studs. Bearing steel is used as a material for external clips. It is also used for the production of needle clips, which are also part of the crosspiece.

Device, purpose, principle of operation

The steering shaft spider itself (Toyota Prado, among others) is a kind of cross-shaped hinge that ensures the alignment of all the elements that rotate during the transfer of torque. The joint of the propeller shaft has two forks that are connected by a crosspiece. The ends of these devices are connected to four spikes, and the forks themselves are attached to the "cardan" pipe. Thus, the crosspiece of the steering shaft (VAZ-2113 including) is driven by needle bearings, put on 4 studs (end) of the whole mechanism.

It is also worth noting that each of the two plugs has special holes. Needle bearings are installed in them . Reliability of fixing and protection against displacement of these devices provides a snap ring. Its thickness depends on the permissible axial clearance. By the way, some motorists are changing the standard retaining rings to devices of small dimensions in order to reduce backlash and vibrations.

The purpose of the spider is to provide a movable joint that can change its angle in an uneven road, thanks to which the propshaft provides the transmission of torque to the leading axle shafts. It should be noted that the cross shaft of the steering shaft can also extinguish the shocks and vibrations that occur during the arrival of the car on the unevenness. Thus, this small detail prolongs the life of the entire shaft, taking on all the load and impacts at the junction.

Dimension

Not all cars are equipped with the same size cross. Each model is equipped with its own device, so when buying it is not necessary to be guided by the choice of the device for another model of the car. For example, GAZelle and Volga, despite the fact that they have a common engine and even the device as a whole, are equipped with completely different in size crossings.

Life time

The crosspiece of the steering shaft has a very simple structure, due to which it so sturdily withstands impacts and can be as long as possible. On average, this device breaks down on a 500-thousandth run, so it is considered one of the most durable and durable parts in the entire design of the car. The only thing the mechanism needs is the periodic lubrication. If you regularly monitor the condition of the cross, it will last even longer than the above date.