Water protection zone

Water protection zone is needed in order to protect water objects from potential pollutants, not allowing their construction at a certain distance from the coast. The size of this zone is determined by the length or area of the protected object. For example, for streams and rivers, this indicator depends solely on their extent and amounts to a length of up to ten kilometers, a strip of fifty meters from each of the shores. With a length of ten kilometers and up to fifty - one hundred meters, and with a length exceeding fifty kilometers, the water protection zone is two hundred meters. In addition, the sources are also separately protected. The water protection zones of the sources represent a circle, centered in the middle of the source and a radius of fifty meters.

The protective zone for reservoirs and lakes with an area of more than half a square kilometer is calculated differently. It is fifty meters from any point of their perimeters. If the reservoir is located on a watercourse, its water protection zone will be the same as that of the watercourse itself. An exception to the general rules is Lake Baikal. For him, the size of such a zone is established by Federal Law No. 93-FZ. For the seas, this figure is half a kilometer. For artificially created channels, it is the width of the strip of its outlet. There are also waterways for which such a zone is not provided. These are rivers or parts of rivers that flow through closed collectors.

What kind of protection guarantees for our water bodies within their protective zones are provided by law?

Under the ban are:

1) aviation chemical treatments;

2) use of sewage as fertilizer for soil;

3) the movement or parking of any transport other than special, in addition to traffic or parking on roads or other places, equipped and hard-coated for these purposes;

4) the location of cemeteries there;

5) organization of cattle cemeteries;

6) burial in their territory of various wastes, both industrial and domestic, radioactive materials, chemical and explosive substances, poisonous, toxic or poisonous materials.

But the water protection zone of the river, lake, sea, canal or reservoir is not completely closed from the building and other similar gross human interventions. Within its limits, the law allows the construction and operation of any objects, except those listed above, but subject to the availability of treatment facilities on them that prevent pollution, clogging and depletion of water.

The water protection zone has in its composition a more carefully protected element - coastal-protective bands. They are protected by the sixty-fifth article of the Water Code of the Russian Federation.

On their territory, in addition to those already listed, there are also bans on:

1) plowing the land;

2) the creation of dumps consisting of a washable soil;

3) organization of summer camps, bathing, and grazing of domestic animals.

The width of the coastal-protective strip depends on the size of the shore slope and is 30 meters if the angle of the slope is reverse or zero, 40 meters at a value of the angle of up to 3 degrees, and if such a value is equal to or exceeds 3 degrees, then not less than fifty meters. There are also types of water bodies, the coastal-protective band of which is determined by another principle. For example, in the marshes it passes along their coastline, near the sewage and flowing lakes, and also their watercourses - fifty meters. And reservoirs and lakes, which are important for spawning, wintering or foraging fish or other commercial species, are provided with a zone two hundred meters wide. For those water bodies that are located on the territory of settlements, have quays and storm sewers, the border of their protective zones passes along the embankment parapet, and if there are no embankments, the protection zone is measured from the shore line.