Toxic encephalopathy

Toxic encephalopathy is characterized by metabolic and circulatory disorders in the brain. Psychoneurological disorders occur in a long and severe form. They are associated with the effects of neurotoxic poisons. When the disease vessels of the brain and brain tissue are affected against a background of acute or chronic intoxication of various origins. Toxic encephalopathy can be caused by exposure to narcotic substances, carbon disulphide, lead, arsenic compounds, manganese and metallic mercury.

When the disease is observed swelling of the meninges, pinpoint hemorrhages in the brain substance, fuzzy boundaries between gray and
White matter, diffuse tissue atrophy. Vessels of white and gray matter
The brain is full of blood. Toxic encephalopathy is characterized by
A significant decrease in neurons. Often, fragmentation and swelling of the myelin sheaths of nerve fibers is observed. In the white matter of the brain, small necrotic foci are observed.

Toxic encephalopathy begins with agitation, impaired coordination of movements, anxiety, aggressiveness. The condition is characterized by the appearance of euphoria, hallucinations. There are convulsions, which are replaced by lethargy and drowsiness. Gradually, the psyche is oppressed, consciousness is broken, reflexes disappear, the state of coma sets in. The disease is characterized by the emergence of mental disorders, epilepsy and parkinsonism. There is psychomotor agitation, hallucinations and delusional state. If the spinal cord is included in the pathological process, then sensitivity disorders develop, the functions of the pelvic organs suffer and other disorders are observed.

Encephalopathy Wernicke

The disease is a lesion of the hypothalamus or the midbrain due to vitamin B deficiency. The cause may be chronic alcoholism, beriberi, indomitable vomiting of pregnant women, taking digitalis preparations. Symptoms of the disease are also observed with regular hemodialysis.

The syndrome refers to organic-toxic psychoses and often accompanies the syndrome
Korsakov. The course of the disease can be acute, subacute and chronic
Shape.

Toxic encephalopathy treatment

When the disease is prescribed thiamine, vitamin B until the appearance of clinical improvement. However, when prescribing a drug, one should consider the possibility of anaphylactic shock. Also, anabolic steroids, nicotinic and ascorbic acid, vitamins are introduced.

At an intoxication manganese 3 stages of disease are observed. First, there is increased drowsiness, muscle hypotension, dull pain in
Limbs and asthenia. Further, apathy develops, the intellect is weakened and
Memory, there are signs of polyneuropathy. At the last stage of the disease
There is a rooster's gait, bradykinesia, and face mask. Critical
Attitude towards the disease is reduced, violent laughter and crying are noted,
Intellectual defects progress. The chronic course of the disease progresses, with irreversible organic changes. The appearance of initial symptoms of the disease should completely eliminate contact with the toxin.

In the event of toxic encephalopathy due to poisoning with petrol vapors, epileptic seizures and myoclonic seizures are especially pronounced. The syndrome occurs when the body is exposed to toluene and stain removers. Possible occurrence of leukopenia and anemia. Also
Neurotic disorders and vegetovascular dystonia develop. Possible
Manifestations of muscular weakness and attacks of narcolepsy. In all cases, the
Detoxification and symptomatic treatment.