Information object: definition, types and features

Information object is a generalized concept, with which you can describe different types of material objects. By them we can mean processes, phenomena that have material or non-material properties. Consider information objects can be from the position of their positive characteristics.

Classification Features

There is their subdivision into several groups. All information objects are classified according to the types of objects under consideration, the kind of image, the presence (absence) of sound. Let's analyze some variants of such unit. So, a simple information object can be considered as an image, number, sound, text. Complex variants are characterized by the presence of hypertext, tables, databases, hypermedia.

Transfer of information

Any information object assumes the availability of certain information. For example, a tree has genetic information, the transfer of which allows you to receive an adulthood through a certain time interval from a small seed. As the main source of information in this situation is the air. Depending on its condition, the tree determines the time for bud blossoming, the appearance of green leaves. Separate flocks of migratory birds perfectly know their routes, when they fly to them they clearly follow, do not get lost from the intended path.

Ways of storing information

Considering different types of information objects, we note that people have always looked for ways to preserve some important information about the phenomenon, the object. The brain is responsible for a variety of information, it uses its own methods of transmitting data to other people. The basis for this can be a binary code, which is analogous to modern personal computers. In order for the information process object to be used for its intended purpose, it is now possible to select several types of its transmission and long-term storage. In addition to its own memory, it is possible to place important information on a variety of magnetic media.

Types of encoding information for storage

Any information object can be saved in different ways. The simplest is a graphic or visual appearance. This is how primitive people tried to transmit from generation to generation information about natural phenomena, objects. Until now, save some of the rock paintings made by primitive people. Then they were replaced by paintings, diagrams, photographs, drawings.

Sound transmission

You can also save an information technology object with sounds. In the world around the world, there are many sounds that can be stored and replicated. In 1877, a special sound recording device was invented. As a kind of audio information, music coding can be considered. It involves encryption with the help of certain symbols of sounds, the subsequent transmission of text through sounds (in the form of a melody).

Sending Text

This kind of coding of human speech by means of special symbols - letters - is used by different peoples. Each nationality has its own language, uses certain sets of letters (alphabets), through which speech is displayed. As a result of this type of information encoding, the first printing appeared.

A quantitative measure of objects and their characteristics in the modern world is the numerical transfer of information. With the advent of trade, money turnover, economy, this type of information objects has become especially relevant and in demand.

Numerical coding systems can be different. Among the common options today, we note video information. It implies the preservation of certain information in the form of "living" pictures. This method of encoding became possible only after the appearance of the movie. But, despite the fact that most information objects can be transmitted in some way to other generations, even in our century of computer technologies there are such sources for which methods of preserving, encoding and broadcasting information have not yet been invented. As an illustrative example, consider tactile information. It is about the transfer of organoleptic qualities, sensations, smells, tastes. Tactile sensations can not be represented in coded form, you can only convey your feelings and emotions. Before electricity was invented, important information was transmitted over long distances using coded light signals. Then the procedure was significantly simplified, radio waves replaced the complex signals.

Binary encoding as a method of information transfer

The creator of such a theory, that is, the founder of modern digital communication is Claude Shannon. It was they who justified the possibility of using binary code to broadcast information. After the advent of computers (computers), a tool was first developed for processing numerical information. With the improvement of personal computers, the options for processing, searching, transferring numerical, sound, visual information have changed significantly. Nowadays, important information is stored on magnetic tapes or disks, removable storage media, laser discs. As a special source of modern information, we will select information that can be found in the global Internet. To find, process, store information in this case, apply special techniques.

Conclusion

Any information object has certain consumer characteristics. You can perform certain actions with it, for example, as a computer software tool. Information on a digital medium can be considered as an independent information unit (folder, archive, file). With the skillful and timely application of various information objects, one can create a complex impression about the natural or social process under consideration, as well as determine the ways of the subsequent development and modernization of the analyzed phenomenon.