The Yenisei River - the greatest Siberian water artery

Yenisei is one of the largest rivers in the world, flowing in Siberia. Its length is about 3.5 thousand km, and the width at the point of its confluence in the Kara Sea is 50 km. Geographically, the Yenisei River is divided into three parts with different flow patterns in each: the Upper, Lower and Middle Yenisei.

The name of the river from different sources has a different origin. Translated from the Kirghiz word "ene-say" means "mother river", and "ionessy" in the Evenki translates as "big water". Both that, and other meaning of the name can be fully attributed to the majestic Yenisei. In the ranking of the world's rivers for the high water level, it ranks seventh.

Its source is the merger of two rivers: Ha-Kem and Bi-Kem in the Sayan Mountains, Mongolia, at around 1400 meters above sea level. Geographically, the Yenisei divides Siberia into the East and the West.

The upper Yenisei extends from the mouth in the Sayans and to the Tuba River. This part is characterized by a mountain current at a speed of up to 40 km / h and a narrow valley. The width of the river is up to 75 meters.

The middle Yenisei originates at the mouth of Abakan and ends at the Angara. Here the current is changeable - the mountain is replaced by a flat one. In the Minusinsk area, the river slows down and forms islands 5-6 km in size. The average Yenisei is characterized by a large number of tributaries. The largest of them is Biryusa.

Lower Yenisei is located below the Angara, here begins its delta and the Yenisei Bay. The river ends with the Brekhov Islands group. In Ust-Port, its width reaches 20 km. Lower Yenisei takes Kureyka, Dudinka, Lower and Podkamennaya Tunguska.

About 20,000 rivers flow into the Siberian river, the largest of them are Lower and Podkamennaya Tunguska, Angara, Kem, Turukhan, Kass, Yeloguy, Sym.

The Yenisei River flows in such cities as Krasnoyarsk, Minusinsk, Yeniseisk, Kyzyl, Sayanogorsk, Abakan, Lesosibirsk, Igarka, Dudinka.

Water regime of the Yenisei River

Characterized by a fairly long spring flood, the emergence of summer floods. The river Yenisei feeds at the expense of rain and meltwater, much less - groundwater. Ice descends to the beginning of May and in early November appears again.

The fall of the Yenisei River

The difference in height between the source and the mouth is a fall. In the Yenisei this value is about one and a half kilometers.

Fisheries

The Yenisei River has always attracted fishermen with its variety of fish species. Here are found such species of salmon and sturgeon as nelma, sturgeon, omul, whitefish, muksun, sterlet. Quite a few other species: pike, taimen, perch, burbot, crucian carp. But the number of fish here is still less than in other rivers, which is due to the high speed of the current, undeveloped floodplain, rocky channel. Perfectly described the beauty of the river and all the subtleties of Siberian fishing in the works of the great writer VP Astafyev.

On the Yenisei shipping and shipping are well developed. But it's more convenient for us to pass here than for ships that are not very deep-seated. The port of Yeniseisk brings cargo from Europe.

The Yenisei River is relatively densely populated in its middle part and very rarely in the lower reaches. The main part of the population is Russian, but indigenous peoples also live here - the Tungus, Ostyaks, Dolgans and Yuraks.