The front side of the bill. Which side of the bill is considered obverse?

Each banknote, whether it's a coin or a banknote, has its own "face", or rather, the front and back. However, it is sometimes very difficult for an ignorant person to understand where the front side of the bill is, and where its back part is. Of course, in order to pay for a product or service, such knowledge is not needed, but for some people this issue is important, sometimes even mystical.

Where is the obverse

Obverse - this is the name of the face of a note or a coin, and this name comes from the French word avers or Latin adversus, which means "facing the face".

In general practice and special literature there is no common opinion as to how to recognize the "face" of the moneymark. Each state has the right to independently establish rules on this issue. Nevertheless, there are some general recommendations for determining the obverse. So, on the front side, as a rule, are depicted:

• Portrait of the ruler, the president (acting or former), the head of state;
• The emblem of the state or the emblem of the country; Sometimes it happens that the arms are placed on two sides, then the obverse is the one on which the main symbol of the power is present, higher in rank or larger in size;
• A legend that reflects the name of the state, territory;
• Name of the issuing bank.

And if not the face

Sometimes, however, it happens that the front side of a money note does not have any of the above characteristics. How to be? In those cases when the image placed on the banknote is neither a portrait nor a memorable place, it is considered to be the reverse side of the image on which the denomination of the moneymark is placed, or the one where the serial number is indicated.
In the most difficult cases it is worth turning to the national catalog of the country that issued the bill. However, this rule refers more to coins, because they have a much smaller area, on which it is difficult to place all the insignia.

Why the "face" of the ruble changed

Russian banknotes also have signs of an obverse falling under general rules. Nevertheless, at different times, these distinctive features were not the same: practical always on the front side of Russian bills were placed portraits of kings, and in the Soviet era they were replaced by a portrait of the leader of the proletariat, VI Lenin, present on banknotes of any value. However, after the coup of 1991, the government, and with it the political course of the state, changed dramatically and very soon a new currency was needed, on which the portrait of Vladimir Ilyich was quickly replaced by the image of the Kremlin, a symbol of state power, the main fortress of the country. From this time on, the face of the banknote of the Russian banknotes has ceased to show portraits, so as not to depend on the political course of the state. Images of cities and cultural monuments do not bear ideological background and will be relevant at any time.

Russian one hundred

The face of the denomination of 100 rubles of the 1993 model was decorated with a picture of the Senate Tower of the Moscow Kremlin and a Russian tricolor placed on the Senate's dome. Actually, such an image at that time had on the obverse denominations of any denomination, but already in 1995 everything changed: new denominations of denomination of 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 and 500 thousand rubles were issued. But the new "hundred" appeared a little later - January 1, 1998.

The front side of the note, the photo of which is placed below, has the image of a quadriga, a Roman two-wheeled chariot drawn by four horses. This bronze chariot of Apollo is adorned with the portico of the Moscow Bolshoi Theater. Initially, the same image had a banknote worth 100,000 rubles. However, after the denomination of 1997, the horses "lost weight" exactly a thousand times and took their place of honor on the 100 ruble denomination. In this form, a hundred exists to this day, however, on October 30, 2013, a new "Olympic" commemorative banknote with a face value of 100 rubles was published. Symbolically, the release of it started exactly one hundred days before the opening of the Olympic Games. The front side of the denomination of 100 rubles has the image of a snowboarder performing at the Olympics, and on the back you can see a stylized heat bird hovering over the Olympic stadium "Fisht". The total circulation of the "Olympic hundred" was 20 million copies, and some of them were released in a gift box.

A thousand bill

The obverse of the thousandth banknote of 1993 also had an image of the national flag on the Senate Tower, and already in the 95th the bank was reissued again. The face of the denomination of 1000 rubles, entered into circulation on September 29, 1995, perpetuates the sights of Vladivostok - the top of the rostral column in the form of the sailboat Manjur, which was installed at the entrance to the city in 1982. The second picture on the obverse is the port of Vladivostok, located in the famous Golden Horn Bay , which itself has a rich history. However, in this form, the "thousand" did not last too long - the denomination broke out, and again new money was needed . On January 1, 2001, the light was seen by a new banknote with a nominal value of 1,000 Russian rubles, its obverse was decorated with a monument to the Grand Duke Yaroslav the Wise, erected in honor of the city's founder by the inhabitants of Yaroslavl. The second image on the front side of the banknote is the chapel of Our Lady of Kazan, the backdrop for which is the Yaroslavl Kremlin. In this form, the "thousandth" exists even today. Despite the fact that it was twice reissued, its appearance did not change, only degrees of protection were added.

Signs of authenticity

Each state that issues its own banknotes is simply obliged to take care of protecting their authenticity. Of course, it's no secret that forging banknotes and coins is a criminal offense, but, unfortunately, such knowledge is not capable of stopping counterfeiters who are hungry for profit. Most often, signs of authenticity are evenly distributed throughout the surface of the bill, but in some cases most of them are given to the obverse.

For example, the signs of authenticity, most often visible from the front, are:

• Moire pattern - a special area that changes its color and has visible rainbow bands;
• Kipp-effect - a hidden image that can be seen only by examining the bill at an acute angle;
• Infrared marks - part of the image is covered with a special composition that has the property of glowing in infrared radiation;
• Relief inscriptions - made especially for visually impaired people;
• Microperforation - denomination of a denomination stuffed with small holes, for people with impaired vision;
• Serial number located in a specific location;
• Application of the image by means of color-alternating paint.

Of course, there are other signs - watermarks, protective fibers, magnetic marks, microtext, microscopes, protective metalized thread and so on, but they are most often present on the back or in the thickness of the bill itself.

What kind of money does the bank not accept?

Strangely enough, but in some cases, you will not receive a bill even if it is real. The following banknotes are withdrawn from circulation by banks (without reimbursement of value):

• Dilapidated, heavily worn out;
• Discharged from the turnover (at the end of the voluntary exchange period);
• Parts of banknotes whose area is less than 55% of their original size;
• Bills damaged by water, fire, chemicals, if less than 55% of the original area is left with the destroyed parts;
• Also do not accept banknotes if the back or front side of the note does not have one of the two denominations, numbers, or if they are badly damaged: the absence of a security thread, severe damage or replacement of the portrait, change of the denomination of the banknote at the corners;
• The same applies to torn, split into several parts, glued banknotes, if one of the whole parts owns less than 55% of the area.

Monetary signs

Well, now you know where the front side of the bill is, so it's time to talk about the most popular and, they say, effective acceptance associated with the obverse. If you want the money you have always been and in large quantities, it is worth treating them with respect. There is an opinion that the money in the wallet should be strictly obverse to its owner, and in a certain order - from bigger to smaller, so that when opening a purse, the largest bills looked directly to your face. And in no case should money lie "upside down" - they can "take offense" and leave. Someone believes in signs, someone does not, but after all, turning your money face to yourself is easy, so it prevents you from trying - but what if it works?