Thallum is ... Definition of the concept, examples and features of physiology

Considering the body of algae, we can assume that its structure is leaf-stalks. In fact, this is not so. It is thallium. This is a special structure. It is characteristic of lower plants, fungi and lichens.

Thallus is ...

Thallus is also called the thallus, or slane. What is its difference from escape? The thing is that thallus is a structure formed by unspecialized cells. They are connected only anatomically, but each functions as a separate entity. At the same time, tissues are not formed, which means organs. There is no thallus and root. Its functions are performed by rhizoids, which attach the body to the substrate.

Thallus organisms

In multicellular algae, thallus is a structure that can have a filamentous, volumetric, lamellar or leaflike shape. They grow solely in water, so they do not need either mechanical or conductive tissues. Their color depends on the kind of pigment that prevails in the cells. However, regardless of this sign, they all contain chlorophyll and are capable of photosynthesis. Most unicellular algae have a monadic thallus. It is characterized by a constant shape and ability to move with the help of flagella. Less common are lower plants with amoeboid thallus. Due to the thin shell, they can change their shape and move around, forming pseudopodia. Tallops of the monadic and amoeboid type can both be unicellular and unite in colonies.

The body of fungi is also formed by a thallus. It consists of separate threads - hyphae, the totality of which is called mycelium or mycelium. These organisms feed heterotrophically, absorbing hyphae water with dissolved nutrients. A special kind of thallus are yeast fungi. They consist of individual cells or chains formed by them, capable of budding.

Thallom lichen

Lichens are a combination of fungal filaments and cells of blue-green algae or cyanobacteria. Their types of thallus can be leafy, bushy or scaly. The first appear to resemble dissected plates, the lower part of which forms a cortical layer and outgrowths. They attach to the substrate.

The bushy tallomas grow vertically. To the substrate they are attached by the lower part of the thallus. Externally similar to small bushes. Scale lichens have the appearance of a crust or coating of different colors. They are so tightly fused with the substrate that it is almost impossible to separate them. Talloms are also characteristic of higher spore plants. They look like a sprout - a thin green plate.

Features of physiology

Tall, in spite of rather primitive features of the structure, provides all the necessary processes of life. With its help, vegetative reproduction and sporulation take place. Talloma cells are chlorophylliferous. They are able to absorb the finished organic matter from the substrate. Amoeboid and flagellate types of thallus are capable of movement.

Talloms of some organisms can enter into mutually beneficial cohabitation with representatives of other wildlife kingdoms. For example, the hyphae of fungi form mycorrhizas with the roots of higher plants. The components of the lichen thallus also benefit from coexistence. The fungus absorbs monosaccharides, which synthesize the alga cell. The latter are provided by mineral substances with the help of hyphae.

So, thallus is a collection of cells that form the body of lower and higher spore plants, fungi and lichens. This structure does not form tissues and consists of non-specialized structures connected anatomically.