Synecology is what? What does synecology do?

Synecology - is that the direction of what science? What was it created for? What does synecology do in practice? What problems does it solve and what does it investigate?

general information

Synecology is one of the sections of ecology that studies the patterns of development and life of communities of organisms (or, in scientific terms, biocenoses) in specific habitat conditions that change. The intensification of this direction is connected with the significant influence of various factors on which depends on which path the human community will follow. Synecology itself studies the biotic ecosystem community, where organisms live and how it affects them. Let us consider a general example - people in Africa and the subtropics of the Earth have a black and swarthy skin color, which is a natural adaptation to the conditions of a large amount of sunlight and its relative "astronomical" intimacy and directness of fall. But the north, the whiter the people will meet.

Organization

In nature, there is a certain hierarchy of associations of organisms. Within their framework, living organisms also study synecology. In addition to the previously mentioned biocenosis, it can also focus on biogeocenosis. And the latter term can be described as a central concept in this direction. After all, synecology is engaged in studying the structure and functioning of populations, which can be influenced by biogeocenoses of different scales. So, it is possible to mention simultaneously both about the world ocean, and about lakes, and about rotten hemp. And the size is not the only characteristic on which the classification is conducted. In addition to this, they can also allocate long- and short-term, natural and unit biogeocenoses. Synecology studies the relationships that arise between different components of systems. Take a rotten stump as an example. It is inhabited at the same time and mushrooms, and lichen, and bacteria that decompose it into mineral elements and give the opportunity to grow on this place grass, or from the seeded seed to a new tree.

Complexity of work

So, in general and the general picture is clear. And many already understand that synecology is a branch of science, which is preceded by extremely difficult tasks. It's right. After all, even the simplest biogeocenoses consist of a huge population of bacteria, plants, animals, in general, living organisms. At the stage of research at this stage it is necessary to select species and concentrate on the dominant by their number, value or mass. After this, it is necessary to establish links between all the representatives who live in the same biogeocenosis. And synecology is studying everything. In this case, the rule is that the more factors are taken into account and taken into account, the more perfect the result will be. But at the same time, the complexity of research will also grow. Therefore, we have to find the golden mean between precision and labor.

On Important Biogeocenoses

If we consider what matters to a person (for example, the sea, reserves, fields or forests), then in such systems the number of connections between species will be enormous. So far, no one has been able to complete a complete theoretical study of complex objects, where the diversity of living organisms is simply amazing. The knowledge we have is too small to create and unleash systems of interrelated differential equations that can be used to calculate changes. Theoretically, this task could take on the artificial intelligence. But, alas, it is still far away. And now synecology is the lot of a person. In order to obtain at least some reliable information about the future of biogeocenosis, scientists and researchers have to introduce restrictions, generalize and concentrate their attention on the most significant phenomena and processes. For simplicity, the real and complex model of a living system is replaced by mathematical equations. Particular attention is paid to the chain of use, assimilation and redistribution of energy. What is it?

Chain of consumption

It is seen as the central highway of processes that occur in biogeocenoses. On the basis of certain moments, division into parts takes place. The most important species of living organisms are identified, which are considered in modeling first. The flowering of life is due to the flow of energy, which does not allow biogeocenosis to die. In closed systems like the Earth or individual islands, cycles have been formed that ensure the multiple use of the existing "building material" to build themselves by living organisms. In this case, as a rule, the following restriction applies: as soon as someone becomes too much, self-regulation mechanisms are included.

Consider an example of a small forest: as soon as the hare population grows, the number of wolves increases. Because of the abundance of predators, the number of herbivores will begin to decrease. And because of a lack of food, the number of wolves will decrease. But why was the generalization "as a rule" used? The fact is that from this scheme there is one exception - a person. We, people, have learned to bypass the limitations of nature. True, for the sake of justice, it is better to say "widened the scope of the possible". Purely technically, we would not be more numerical than the arbitrary kind of monkeys, if not for our intellect. Process the land to harvest? Easily! Maximize the effectiveness of agriculture? Constantly on this way we go! Moreover, at will, we can increase the number of other species and radically influence them through selection.

Conclusion

For now, there is no need to speak about the unequivocal importance of synecology in the form in which it is available. But gradually, with the development of computer technology and the ability to work with large amounts of data, this science will certainly find its application in practice. Thanks to it, we will be able to calculate how much energy and resources will be consumed and generated by a certain system in order to plan the development of a person in the future based on this data. That's what synecology does.