Symptoms - chlamydia in men, treatment regimen. Infectious disease transmitted sexually

Often, infectious diseases of the genitals are asymptomatic, but at the same time causing enormous damage to the body. Emerging inflammatory processes of the genitourinary system can cause infertility in both women and men. Often this is facilitated by a disease such as chlamydia. Its timely diagnosis and treatment can lead to a positive result. In this article we will try to understand how clamidiosis manifests in men And what is the scheme of his treatment.

Information about the pathogen

Chlamydia are pathogens of a very small size, and they are found mainly inside the cells of the human body. In a systematic series, they are located between bacteria and viruses.

The inside of the cell chlamydia exists and develops for three days, then the cell is completely destroyed, and the microorganisms begin to spread to other parts of the affected tissue. It is practically impossible to take a fragment of material for analysis at this time, so the microscopic technique of examining smears and scrapings is of low informativeness.

According to statistics, if the sexual contact was carried out without the use of barrier contraception, then the infection with this disease occurs in ninety cases out of a hundred. Throughout the world, half of adult women and men have been diagnosed with chlamydia. The incubation period Is asymptomatic, therefore it is almost impossible to detect infection at an early stage. Because of this, the disease becomes chronic, leading to infertility.

In addition, various abnormalities of fetal development occur during pregnancy, miscarriages occur and autoimmune somatic diseases, for example arthritis, occur. Therefore, chlamydia in men and women should be diagnosed as early as possible and treated promptly.

How does infection with chlamydia occur?

In men, the causative agent of this disease affects the urethra (urethra), rectum, eyes. Unlike gonorrhea, chlamydia rarely affects the pharynx.

If there is unprotected sexual contact with a person infected with these microorganisms, then the probability of infection reaches 50%. The likelihood of catching chlamydia by household means is extremely small, since this pathogen can not live outside the human body, and for this it must be very much. Therefore, you should not be afraid to go to a public toilet, a bath, use common utensils and a towel, this will not lead to infection with such an infection.

How does chlamydia affect the male body?

This sexually transmitted disease can cause a devastating blow to the male genital function, resulting in infertility. Infection, penetrating into the urethra and causing its defeat, on the ascending line enters the prostate. Chronic chlamydial prostatitis promotes the formation of cysts on the prostate gland and the depletion of its functions. After a while, her atrophy and sclerosis occur. In this case, complete loss of prostate functions occurs, and the gland itself begins to decrease.

In addition, chlamydia is almost always accompanied by such diseases:

• cystitis;
• Epididymitis;
• Pyelonephritis;
• Orchitis.

Their development begins with an inflammatory process that provokes a chlamydial infection, which has got into the bladder, testicles and kidneys. Its presence destroys complex biochemical systems, which are practically not restored after their defeat.

Symptoms of the disease

According to statistics, many sexual infections occur asymptomatically, including chlamydia. The incubation period of this disease lasts 14-28 days. Usually it takes two weeks before the first signs of an unpleasant infection in the body appear.

How does clamidiosis manifest itself? Symptoms in men (the first signs) are as follows:

• From the urethra begin to appear meager and transparent discharge;
• There are periodically weak pains in the lower back, urethra, testicles and scrotum;
• With micturition there is a slight soreness;
• Because of the intoxication of the body, weakness appears, working capacity decreases;
• Sometimes the body temperature may rise slightly;
• In the urine, the appearance of blood and pus.

Here are the main features. Chlamydia in men can almost not manifest themselves, and after a certain period of time, its symptoms and completely disappear. Therefore, the man does not want to see a doctor. Meanwhile, the infection becomes chronic, which is fraught with serious complications.

What are the consequences after infection with chlamydia?

Having examined the signs (chlamydia in men - a common problem), it is necessary to understand what complications this infection can lead. It can affect many organs and systems of the body. Here is an insidious disease - chlamydia. In men, the consequences can be very serious.

The most basic are impotence and infertility. Spreading, the infection affects the seminal vesicles in chlamydial vesicles, as well as bulbourethral glands, which causes chlamydial fungus. As a result, complete irreversible infertility occurs in men.

Anal sex with the carrier of this virus leads to the fact that the infection begins to spread to the nearest organs. There is a proctitis, which contributes to the defeat of the rectum. If oral sex is practiced, chronic pharyngitis develops.

Cardiovascular diseases, inflammation of the joints are complications that have arisen against the background of chlamydia. If the infection gets into the eyes, then chlamydial conjunctivitis develops, which is fraught with complete blindness. Also, the disease contributes to the onset of the inflammatory process in the inner ear and the disruption of the functions of the vestibular apparatus.

How is clamidiosis manifested in men? Indicate the presence of this infection can pathology such as Reiter's disease, which includes a classic triad: conjunctivitis, urethritis, arthritis. Each pathology separately brings to the person big troubles, and their combination in some times reduces quality of a life. This disease leads to damage to the upper layers of the epidermis, and can also damage the nervous system. There are various encephalopathies and encephalitis, accompanied by seizures and nervous cramps.

Diagnosis of chlamydia

This sexually transmitted disease is diagnosed when taking the following materials:

• Scraping from the walls of the urethra;
• sperm;
• Scraping from the head of the penis;
• Secretion of the prostate, discharge from the urethra.

Sperm is needed to check the sperm condition when diagnosing "infertility." The secretion of the prostate gland is sent for analysis if the urologist suspects prostatitis. To diagnose the disease is quite enough scraping from the walls of the urethra, since this place is mainly located chlamydia.

How to properly harvest a material?

Taking a scraping from the walls of the urethra should be done in such a way that the material is sufficient for the analysis. This is a rather painful procedure, but necessary. To do this, use a special one-time tool.

Before the procedure, a man must:

• To drink alcohol;
• Use smoked and fatty foods;
• Visit the sauna or bath.

Such unusual rules are necessary to ensure that chlamydia sharply intensified and move from chronic to acute, and this will greatly simplify the analysis.

Analyzes for chlamydia in men

Microscopy is considered the most common analysis. Taken from the urethra, the smear is applied to the glass, dried and stained. The biological material is considered under magnification to see the presence of chlamydia. However, this method is not very informative, since its accuracy is only 10-15%.

The method of IF, or immunofluorescence, conducted in the laboratory, can detect the main protein of chlamydia. This method is considered more accurate, but it is not able to determine whether a microorganism is viable or not. Therefore, the result can be positive or negative.

For seeding, biological material is taken from the urethra, placed in a special nutrient medium, wait longer until microorganisms germinate.

The most effective is the PCR method, which we will consider in more detail.

PCR method

Such an analysis is considered the most accurate and informative. To establish the diagnosis for the study, take a small amount of biological material (tissue samples, blood, etc.). Most often, blood is used for the study, more rarely - scrapings or smears.

The PCR method on chlamydia has a number of undeniable advantages:

• High level of specificity;
• Diagnosis in a short time;
• High sensitivity, due to which infections are revealed, which are not only acute, but also latent in nature.

Traditional analyzes do not in all cases reveal the causative agent of infection. The method of PCR on chlamydia gives a detailed result, which allows you to start treatment at the initial stage of the disease. Such an analysis must be given on an empty stomach.

Treatment of chlamydia in men

If there are certain signs (chlamydia in men, as we have said, can be asymptomatic), then treatment should be started as early as possible, otherwise the disease can go into a chronic form. Since this infection is an intracellular parasite, the doctor must prescribe such drugs that are able to penetrate the interior of the cell. The scheme of treatment of chlamydia includes the use of specific antibiotics:

• Group of macrolides: "Erythromycin", "Azithromycin", "Dzhozamitsin".
• Group of tetracyclines: Doxycycline.
• A group of penicillins: "Ampicillin".

The latest international WHO standards in the treatment of urogenital chlamydia recommend a drug such as "Azithromycin", which must be used once.

In addition to antibiotics, the scheme of treatment of chlamydia may include the use of antifungal drugs ("Fluconazole") and immunomodulators ("Interferon"). If a lot of discharge continues from the urethra, the doctor may prescribe local antimicrobials.

In the course of treatment it is forbidden to drink alcohol, it is necessary to observe a diet, to exclude sharp, fatty, sweet and salty foods. Also, you should refrain from any sexual intercourse. If necessary, both partners should undergo treatment.

Conclusion

Thus, chlamydia is a very insidious infection, which proceeds secretly and can lead to various complications during the transition to a chronic form. If there are signs (chlamydia in men is capable of causing serious consequences), you should immediately contact the venereologist to begin timely treatment.