Signs associated with hemolytic-uremic syndrome, and its treatment

So, what is necessary first of all to know in connection with the hemolytic-uremic syndrome (abbreviated - HUS). Doctors associate this disease mainly with three symptoms: acute renal failure, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia. It should be noted that the last sign is usually manifested most vividly. The disease is diagnosed mainly in young children.

Possible reasons

The main factors that are associated with hemolytic-uremic syndrome are an allergic reaction to medications, as well as a viral infection. Therefore, it is natural that the disease begins to develop after acute respiratory and gastric infections or when taking antibiotics. With regard to the pathogenesis of HUS, in this respect, the greatest importance is attached to the presence of auto-allergic reactions. In some cases, they can even lead to systemic microangiopathy.

Symptomatics

What signs are usually due to hemolytic-uremic syndrome? It should be noted that the course of the disease is conditionally divided by physicians into three periods. The first, prodromal, can last from one day to two weeks. The second, the so-called "peak period" - from one to three weeks. Then comes the period of recovery (or death) of the patient.

The first part of the disease as a whole resembles poisoning and is accompanied by such symptoms as vomiting, acute pain in the stomach, diarrhea with traces of blood. Some patients at this stage have convulsions, drowsiness and even loss of consciousness. After a prodromal period , many patients experience a visible recovery. Experts with hemolytic-uremic syndrome also associate hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and kidney damage. Physicians note that the clinical picture, as a rule, is distinguished by polymorphism. In some patients, hemolytic crisis may dominate, others may show signs of acute renal failure. A common sign for all cases is hemolytic anemia - it appears at the height of the HUS.

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome in children at the second stage is characterized by a pallor of the skin. In the presence of jaundice, hyperbilirubinemia can be detected. Direct Coombs reaction is usually negative, hemoglobin is lowered, the number of erythrocytes is reduced. Also, patients often have nosebleeds.

Diagnostics

Typically, doctors diagnose HUS, based on three main criteria: the presence of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura and uremia. In general, the clinical picture resembles the Moshkovitsa syndrome (kidney damage, blood clots, etc.), with the only difference that the latter is usually observed in older children, with microthrombosis mainly in the heart and liver regions.

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome: treatment

Suppression of autoaggression is the main goal of treatment. As a rule, doctors direct all efforts to prevent intravascular coagulation. Good help with heparin and prednisolone. If drug treatment does not help, hemodialysis is indicated.