Sensory education is a necessary element of the harmonious development of children

At present, the sensory culture of children is at a low level, so it must be developed and maintained in every possible way. The most optimal period for this is the early age. Sensory education should start from the first month of life. Everyone knows that kids are much quicker to learn the information provided to them than, for example, older children. Therefore, experts recommend starting with the children as early as possible, so that in the future it would be easier for them to adapt in society. Today, within the framework of this article, we will consider what sensory education is, what it is necessary for, and also find out how to apply it correctly.

What should I do with young children?

Sensory education is the key to the child's mental development . This foundation will be necessary for him in the future for a successful adaptation in the general education school. If a child does not perceive enough subjects, he may have difficulty with writing and performing various products in the classroom.

The main tasks of sensory development of children in preschool age are:

• Formation of good conditions for the overall development of the child;
• To promote the development of sensory and psychomotor environments in children by understanding the world, colors and shades, as well as the magnitudes of different subjects;
• Selection of effective games, exercises, classes on common development;
• Involving dads and mothers in the development process;
• The use of illustrated textbooks;
• The creation of a sensorimotor angle in a pre-school educational group;
• Drawing up a card index of games for general education.

Preparatory activities

The development of the baby is directly dependent on how the playroom in which the child lives is arranged. The task of mom and dad is to provide a comfortable, comfortable and safe place in the house where a small person will feel safe and secure. The kid should have his own corner in the room, fully equipped for outdoor games and recreation. With the help of parents in kindergartens there are such events as:

• Replenishment of the group with game and sensory materials;
• Acquisition of additional sets for carrying out experiments in water and sand, containers of various shapes, tools for carrying out liquid transfusions;
• Purchase of plaque-inserts with forms, sets of voluminous bodies, developing games;
• Update the musical corner with toys that produce different sounds;
• Purchase of a safe plastic constructor;
• The production of table and didactic games.

How to start sensory development

During the introduction of children with a variety of subjects, classes were used both in the group and individually, games were conducted to learn the surrounding objects, which give impetus to the study of the surrounding world. For the development of sensory motility, it is necessary to introduce the children to such properties of objects and phenomena as:

• color spectrum;
• configuration;
• the size;
• quantity;
• Location in the environment.

It is necessary to carry out work aimed at teaching children how to perceive objects as a whole, mastering sensory standards such as a geometric shape system, scale of magnitude, color spectrum, spatial and temporal orientations, phonetic system of the language, which is a rather complicated and lengthy process. In order to get acquainted with an object, the child needs to touch it with his hand, squeeze, stroke, and ride.

Familiarizing children with objects

At the moment of familiarizing children with the values and fixing knowledge about them, the following methods and techniques are used:

• Comparison of several objects during the game by applying them to each other;
• The use of specially designed toys in the form of pyramids, nesting dolls, liners and so on.

In the course of such games, which are aimed at developing a tactile function, the kids learn to snap, pinch and feel. The use of balls for massage gives quite a good result.

Classes for the development of tactile functions

The organs of the palpation are the fingers on the hands, and the most important forces are thrown at the improvement of the receptivity of their receptors. To do this, apply a variety of types of activities that contribute to the improvement of tactile and motor functions. Such activities are:

• Modeling;
• Application;
• Application molding;
• Formation of papers and a designer;
• Painting;
• Sorting small items;
• The formation of figures from objects of all kinds.

Once a week, you can conduct classes aimed at mastering exercises to develop tactile sensitivity and complex coordinated hand movements. Improved sensory perception is now the basis for improving all areas of modern man.

Tasks for improving the sensory motor skills of a child

In order to achieve the maximum result, a great deal of work has been done by the specialists. To improve sensory perception, the following tasks were set:

• Selection of materials for the development of preschool children;
• Diagnostics of the development of sensorics in toddlers.

Sensory education is the ability to practice in practice in various parameters, such as configuration and size, to absorb the hue of the subject, to form an integral object. All this is gradually mastered. The greatest obstacle to achieving this goal is the early age. Sensory education should be planned and coordinated with basic education, so that this type of work does not turn into an additional occupation. That is, the successful combination of activity in the knowledge of the magnitude, shape and color of an object is possible only if there is a certain physical level of development of the child.

In the development of sensorics, an important role is played by the mobility of the hands during the implementation of actions to stack objects. Teachers should pay attention to how the child plays with the mosaic, paints it, sculpts it from plasticine. Comparison of sensorics and motor skills is considered the most important condition for mental development of the child. Separate attention requires a thorough analysis of the training.

Sensory education is the conduct of games and exercises, taking into account the specific characteristics of each baby. Classes should be started with assignments that involve joint actions of parents and the child. In the future, an adult can change his location: be near the baby, sit in front of him. Any movement of the child at the same time should be commented on and voiced.

Sensory education of young children is an important stage in the life of a small person, which affects:

• Normal functioning of sight, touch, hearing, smell;
• Functionality of motor functions and stimulation of activity mobility;
• The elimination of muscle tone and mental emotional stress, which is achieved in a relaxed state and comfortable health;
• Formation of a positive psycho-emotional background and increase in the child's ability to work;
• Activation of such processes as thinking, attention, perception and memory;
• Inducement to autonomous and experimental activities.

Sensorics in the smallest

Sensory education of young children is a technique designed to arouse an interest in a toy, a cognitive aid made of wood material. It can be nestling dolls of large and small sizes, pyramids, insert cubes, boards with holes of various sizes or shapes, with a set of inlays, tables with mosaic and so on. Specifically, toys made of wood are very important for the development of sensorics in the child, because they differ in good texture, are stable during manipulation and performing the simplest movements with them.

How correctly to carry out sensory education? The development of young children depends on their environment. Everything around the baby has an effect on:

• Normal functioning of vision, touch, hearing;
• Functionality of motor functions and stimulation of activity mobility;
• The elimination of muscle tone and mental emotional stress, which is achieved with relaxed and comfortable feeling of children;
• Formation of a positive psycho-emotional background and increase in the child's ability to work;
• Activation of such processes as thinking, attention, perception and memory;
• Increasing the motivation for the autonomous and experimental activities of children.

Proper development of babies

Why is sensory education so important? Preschool age children from the very first months of life perceive the environment through the sense of smell and touch. Because of this, from birth to the fourth month, it is necessary to focus specifically on these sensory systems.

The beginning of the formation of the visual system of the infants is the early age. Sensory education for six months includes exercises that train motor activity of the child. For this purpose, there are very simple, but rather important methods:

• The touch is a constant physical contact with the mother, a joint sleep with her, laying out crumbs on various surfaces that do not cause allergies, finger exercises that can start from the age of three months, wearing a baby in your arms, and a joint bathing of the mother and the baby.
• Smelling - a child should perceive the smell of his mother's body, for this reason, a woman does not need to use perfume during close physical contact with the child. At the end of six months, it is necessary to give the children a sniff of unpleasant and pleasant smells.
• Vision - do not put your face too close to the baby so that it does not develop strabismus. It is necessary to show white, black and monochrome objects from two months of life, demonstrate multicolored and bright toys, help you study your own reflection in the mirror, watch the landscape outside the window, talk, listen to pleasant music and much more.
• Taste qualities - after the introduction of the first complementary foods, you need to diversify the menu.

At this stage, there is no sensory development of children through gaming activity. This is more like a demonstration, study and observation. Perception of the world through games begins with one year of life.

Development from one year to three years

Sensory education of children of preschool age is a purposeful perfection of all channels of perception. At the same time everything happens at a very fast and intense pace. The main activity at this stage of development is considered substantive. It is aimed at attracting various colorful objects. At this age, a very important point is sensory education. The development of children through the game is only an additional action, although it can not do without it. A distinctive feature of this period is that the sensor system of the child develops quickly. It is necessary to give the children such items: a pyramid, a sorter, a frame-liner, magic bags for memorizing the text.

The child should during this time:

• Learn how to take off and put on rings of different sizes on the rod;
• Get out of pockets and fold back objects of various sizes;
• To be able to determine shaggy, soft, smooth and rough surface;
• Know such geometric shapes as a square, circle, cube and ball;
• To three years to distinguish the taste of the main products and give individual their preference;
• Dance to the music.

Orientation to objects at this stage of life is considered the main one, because it has a great influence on the improvement of the personality and mental state of the child.

Children from 4 to 6 years

The most important role is played by the sensory development of preschool children, because during this period it is necessary to help in preparing for the newest stage of life - study. Now the games come to the forefront, which are considered the most entertaining and very effective. In this case, the child does not just master the simplest toys, but takes part in role-playing games. It should be noted that the kids are very interested in such activities. Didactic games for sensory education are aimed directly at ensuring that children can easily adapt to the proposed conditions.

The importance of sensory development of a child in the preschool age

So, we continue to consider sensory education by age. Preschoolers should be able to form an idea of the external property of an object, to distinguish its shape, color, size, position in space, smell, taste and much more. The sense of development of sensorics during this period is difficult to underestimate. Such skills form the basis of the child's general mental development. From the moment of perception of objects and phenomena around, cognition begins. All its other forms, such as memory, thinking and imagination, are formed on the basis of perception. For this reason, the normal development of intelligence is impossible without full-fledged perception.

In kindergartens, children are taught drawing, modeling, constructing, acquainting themselves with natural phenomena, and conducting games in sensory education. Future students begin to learn the basics of mathematics and grammar. Obtaining knowledge and skills in these areas will require close attention to the most diverse properties of objects. Sensory education is a long and complex process. It is not limited to a certain age and has its own history. Sensory education of children from an early age is a technique that helps to correctly perceive certain objects in space.

Brief summaries

• In the first year of life the child is enriched with impressions, namely, he follows the moving beautiful toys, which are selected precisely for such an early age. Sensory education is that the baby, grabbing objects of a varied configuration and size, learns to perceive them correctly.
• In 2-3 years, children are already trying to independently identify the color, shape and size of objects, they accumulate ideas about the main types of shades and configurations. Also at this age are conducted didactic games of children in sensory education.
• From 4 to 6 years, the guys develop specific standards of sensorics. They already have a definite idea of colors, geometric shapes and the ratio of objects to each other in size.

Engage with your children, and they will surely please you with their successes in the future!