Preschool age

Preschool age is characterized by going beyond the boundaries of one's family relationships and establishing relationships with a new adult world for a person. The period that the child passes from the moment of his birth to entering the school life is the most intense in terms of the degree of mental and physical development. It is at this stage that all the necessary qualities that make him a person are formed. Preschool age provides the overall development of the child, which serves as the foundation for the acquisition in the future of various special knowledge, as well as skills. This period promotes the assimilation in the future of various fields of activity. Precisely the preschool age forms the properties and qualities of the psyche of a small person, which are a distinctive feature of behavior, character, and attitude to the surrounding world.

Preschool age is a period of life and development of children between the ages of three and seven. It is these years characterized by further physical development, as well as the growth of the child's intelligence. Children's movements become more free. The child talks well. The world of children's experiences, sensations and perceptions is rich and diverse.

The growth and increase in the weight of the child during this period are characterized by unevenness. Changes in preschool age and skin. It thickens and becomes much more elastic. This reduces the number of blood vessels in it. Thus, the skin more persistently perceives various mechanical effects. Ossification of the bones of the skeleton to five or six years is not yet over, but the spine takes shape, as in the adult.

Preschool age is characterized by great mobility. Children have a particularly active system of muscles, which greatly increases the load on the skeleton.

The cardiovascular system undergoes changes. Her work capacity and endurance greatly increased. The neuropsychological development of the child also reaches a high level. At the same time, the intellectual relationship of a small person with the world around him is being improved. Gradually, the stock of words grows. At this age, with sufficient certainty, the child can express his emotional state - grief and joy, embarrassment and fear, pity and disappointment. It is in the preschool period that moral understandings of the situation develop and become definite. At the same time, the notion of assigned duties appears.

Teaching children of preschool age is done through role-playing games. In this case, the child has a tendency to adulthood. At the age of three to seven years, the game is the main activity, as it contributes to the changes in the psyche of a small person. In this case, the formation of the sign function of the child's consciousness is especially bright.

While playing a game, a small person is able to replace various items, and also take on a role. It is in this process that the child opens up the relationships that take place between adults.

The development of children of preschool age is also due to a variety of forms of creativity. A special place in this process is the fine arts, in particular - drawing. By the nature of the images on paper, one can judge the child's perception of the surrounding world, of his imagination and memory, and of his thinking. It is with the help of drawings that children transmit their knowledge and impressions, which they receive.

The cognitive process plays a big role in the development of children . In this period, thinking, speech and imagination are combined. This factor underlies the full-fledged teaching of languages (both native and foreign). In the process of upbringing, the norms of morality, rules and forms of cultural relations are assimilated. The top of personality development of a small person in the preschool period is the formation of his self-awareness, which identifies his own qualities of character and ability, as well as the reasons for failures and successes.