Scientific research of operations using mathematical methods

The very concept of "operations research" is borrowed from foreign literature. However, the date of its occurrence and the author can not be determined reliably. Therefore, the first thing to consider is the history of the formation of this area of scientific research.

Basic meaning

The investigation of operations is aimed at conducting analysis in various controlled processes. Their nature can have a different character: production processes, military actions, commercial activities and administrative decisions. The operations themselves can be described by the same mathematical models. At the same time, their analysis will make it possible to understand the essence of a certain phenomenon in the best way, and also to predict its development in the future. The world, it turns out, is relatively informational in the information sense, since the same information schemes are realized in various physical manifestations.

In cybernetics, operations research is widely used in the section "Model isomorphism". If not for this section, then in each emerging situation there would be certain difficulties with choosing your own unique solution method. And research of operations as a scientific direction would not have formed at all. However, due to the existence of general laws in the formation and development of various systems, it became possible to study them using mathematical methods.

Effectiveness

The study of operations in the economy as a mathematical tool that contributes to the achievement of high efficiency in the decision-making process in various spheres of human activity, makes it possible to provide the person responsible for making such decisions with the necessary information obtained by scientific methods. In other words, this methodology justifies the adoption of a decision. Models and methods of investigation of operations will allow to obtain those decisions that will best allow to achieve the set goals of the organization.

Basic Elements

So, let's consider some disciplines of mathematical specialization, which are most often used in this field of research:

- Mathematical programming, dealing with finding the optimal solutions of functions with some restrictions for the arguments;

- linear programming - a fairly simple and best studied section of the first method, it allows solving problems containing optimality indicators in the form of a linear function, and constraints are represented in the form of linear equations;

- network simulation - the solution is presented in the form of network algorithms that allow to obtain the correct solution more efficiently than using linear programming tools;

- Targeted programming, represented by linear methods, but with several functions of a targeted nature, which, however, can conflict with each other.