Rotary excavator: briefly about the device and purpose

Excavator - the most common type of self-propelled earth-moving machines, it is designed for opening, mining, digging, digging, excavation. Machines can work with rocks, soft soils, fossils, ore rocks.

Excavators are machines with attachments designed for simultaneous cutting and excavation of soil. There are single bucket and multi bucket excavators. Single-bucket machines are cyclical machines. They periodically repeat the same movements. The multi-bucket produces more actions, they can be milling, scraping and directly multi-bucket.

Excavators with one bucket are classified by purpose. Building-universal - the most common, are used for most earthworks. Career excavators are needed to develop deposits of coal and ore. Using stripping work with the upper layers of the soil.

Rotary excavators are a multi-bucket technique. What is the difference? Why is it better to prefer this type of equipment for some types of work?

The rotary excavator is used for overburden mining, ground mining. And both the first and the second type of work, they can perform either top or bottom scoop. Earthmoving machines of this type are used to transport rocks or fossils, digging channels, digging trenches, loading rock or removing it into the dump.

The rotary excavator has a higher efficiency, and consequently, the development of soils becomes less expensive, but more productive. The number of scraps from the bucket is much smaller in such models, emptying the bucket is better, and this also increases productivity and reduces energy consumption.

The rotary excavator can have a rail-walking or caterpillar course. For removal or opening of the rock, construction of dumps, loading and other works, it is equipped with an arrow (pull-out or non-sliding).

The idea of creating a rotary excavator came from ancient times: if you look closely at the car, you can see a great similarity with the ancient wheel, with which our ancestors raised water. The author of the scooping wheel, the scheme of which formed the basis for the drawings of the self-propelled machine, was Leonardo da Vinci.

The rotary excavator works with soil or rock ladles, which are mounted on the wheel (rotor). The rotor, in turn, rotates in the direction that is most effective for contact with the face. For the upper scoop - this direction coincides with the direction of the hour hand, for the lower one - the opposite.

During operation, the executive body of the rotary excavator can move horizontally and vertically.

Machines adapted for transverse or radial digging are distinguished by the method of feeding to the face, the productivity, the magnitude of the change in the horizon, and the type of movement (running gear).

In addition, the rotors are different in the manner that they use when unloading ladles. Unloading of some is carried out by gravity, which acts on the rock, when the ladle passes through the upper point of the unloading zone. In inertia machines, the bucket is unloaded by centrifugal force, which throws the rock out of the bucket. In order for the inertial unloading to be constant, it is necessary to provide such a rotational speed of the rotor so that the centrifugal force becomes greater than the force of gravity.

Lifting or lowering of arrows (dump and rotary) is performed through the pulley blocks using the counterweights mounted on the boom. The system of pulleys, the mast, at which the boom is supported, and the swivel platform together constitute the superstructure of the excavator.

The top structure with the help of the pivoting device is firmly attached to the chassis, which can rotate 360 °. The dump conveyor is equipped with its own rotation drive. This drive allows its boom to deviate from the longitudinal axis by 270 °, while maintaining the given position in space, regardless of how the rotary boom is located.