Recycling of waste paper: technologies, equipment

Recycling of paper waste, that is, waste paper, a very relevant activity for today, which allows to significantly save natural resources. In addition, collection and recycling of waste paper is a business that brings a stable profit annually.

Large companies that process more than 100 tons of "paper debris" annually, not only supply the Russian consumer, but also export their products to European countries. Along with large factories producing paper products from recycled fiber, small enterprises that process less than 20 thousand tons of secondary raw materials a year are quite successful in our country.

What does the processing of secondary paper raw materials involve? What is required to open a mini-recycling plant?

Waste paper: ideas for business

Undoubtedly, the use of secondary raw materials is a noble and socially significant activity. But why is it profitable for an entrepreneur to recycle waste paper? In Russia, as in the rest of the world, recycling of raw materials is not only welcomed, but can also be supported by regional authorities, including financial authorities.

Another advantage of processing waste paper is the opportunity to organize a business with small start-up investments. An entrepreneur can carry out not only the full cycle of processing, but also profit, performing only one or several stages of recycling of waste paper.

To date, such variants of the "paper" business are in demand:

• Reception (collection) of waste paper with subsequent sorting and pressing.
• Pulp production (partial processing).
• The plant for the processing of waste paper and the production of paper and paper products.

Collection (reception) and sorting of secondary fiber

To build a business at the first stage of processing paper waste is the simplest solution, which does not require grandiose financial investments. An indispensable condition for the organization of such an enterprise is the availability of one or more available enterprises processing secondary fiber.

The business of primary processing of paper recycled materials includes the following stages:

• Collection (reception) of waste paper.
• Sorting and pressing.
• Sales of paper recycled materials to processing enterprises.

How to organize waste paper collection

Initial investment will require the rental of a warehouse and purchase of equipment - a press for paper. The press machine, depending on the capacity, will cost in the amount of 70 to 500 thousand. The cost of collecting paper raw materials should also include transportation costs: the purchase and maintenance of freight transport for the transportation of waste paper and finished pressed material.

First of all, in order to take over the uninterrupted supply of raw materials to enterprises involved in the processing of waste paper, it will be necessary to establish permanent sources of raw materials. This can be done in different ways: open and advertise your "point of reception" of paper waste, conclude agreements with small companies and entrepreneurs who are interested in removing paper debris, install containers for collecting waste paper near houses, schools, office buildings.

Sorting of paper waste

The next stage is the sorting and pressing of secondary paper raw materials. At this stage of processing, all actions are performed manually.

It is necessary to carefully sort out and separate all "non-paper" items - scotch, cellophane, poorly soluble substances, metal staples. Further all the raw materials are divided into three categories:

• High quality wastes (category A). These include white "office" paper, white paper bags.
• Medium quality (category B) is all other waste, except newspapers and cardboard of any type.
• Paper of poor quality (Category B). This is a newspaper and cardboard "screened out" from the second group.

After the separation, the paper raw materials are pressed and delivered to the recycling enterprises.

In general, such a business as the reception of waste paper, many advantages. The only drawback is the relatively low price paid by enterprises that recycle secondary raw materials. For today the average cost of pressed raw materials is from 1000 to 3000 rubles per ton.

Partial recycling of waste paper

To get more profit, you can also consider such an option as partial or initial processing of waste paper in pulp, that is, in ready-made raw materials for the production of paper. Such an enterprise can be profitable if it is located not far from an average or large pulp and paper enterprise with which it is possible to conclude a contract for the supply of pulp.

Processing of secondary paper raw materials into pulp takes place in several stages. First, the paper is soaked for a while in the water. The soaked mass is ground and passed through a special screen - at this stage, the fine debris that has been left after sorting is finally eliminated. The paper mass is disinfected and bleached (if appropriate equipment is available in the production line) and beaten with a foaming agent. The resulting mass is squeezed out and dried. The resulting mass, which is called pulp, is supplied to the processing plant.

Organization of the shop for partial processing

Accordingly, for the processing shop you will need to purchase a production line consisting of the following equipment:

• Production tanks for soaking waste paper, storage and tanks for stirring.
• Pumps, screeners.
• Equipment for disinfection and bleaching of raw materials.
• Foaming machine.

Of course, the organization of the shop for recycling paper for pulp requires much more financial investment than the collection and sorting of paper raw materials. Depending on the capacity and the country-producer for the finished line for the processing of secondary paper raw materials in pulp will have to pay from 500 thousand rubles. In addition, additional staff and transportation costs will be required.

But the income from the sale of finished primary raw materials is incomparably higher. At present, the average price per ton of pulp varies from 25 to 40 thousand rubles.

Full cycle of processing. Products from recycled paper raw materials

It's no secret that the mini-factory for recycling paper for recycling in paper pays off much faster than the point of reception of waste paper. However, the organization of such a business will require not only the investment of a large seed capital. It will be much more difficult to organize a mini-factory: it will be necessary to hire personnel, ensure uninterrupted supply of sufficient quantities of raw materials, and organize sales channels for own products. There are also many requirements and safety standards for the production room and the organization of labor.

In the conditions of a small enterprise, depending on the equipment, it is possible to arrange the production of paper napkins, toilet paper, cardboard, kraft paper.

How to organize a mini-plant for processing secondary raw materials

A full cycle of recycling paper debris in household goods requires maximum initial investment, as it includes the organization of uninterrupted supply of raw materials, rental or purchase of a large production facility. It will also be necessary to purchase equipment for recycling paper for pulp and a line for the production of paper products.

Before purchasing equipment, you must immediately determine the direction of the products. Equipment in the production line for the production of cardboard will be significantly different from machines for the production of paper napkins and toilet paper. Accordingly, the technology by which recycled paper will be processed into paper also depends on what kind of goods will be produced from paper raw materials.

The most inexpensive - a line for the production of "thin" paper: napkins, paper towels, toilet paper. Equipment, depending on the capacity and degree of automation of production, will cost from 1,000,000 rubles. The main advantage of such products is high and constant demand among the population. But also the production of products from "thin" paper pays off not too quickly. The reason for this is a small price per unit of output and a high competition in this sphere of production.

Much more expensive to pay for equipment for the production of kraft paper or cardboard. The cost of the line for the production of "cardboard" products today begins at a mark of 3,000,000 rubles. Pros of this type of production are:

• No need for bleaching or staining of raw materials.
• A more favorable price per unit of output.
• Possibility of realization of a cardboard and packing materials on industrial enterprises by large parties.

With the proper organization of sales channels, a mini-enterprise for processing waste paper in cardboard pays off fairly quickly, in just 2-4 years.