Practical Driver Training

In modern society, the role of drivers not only as specialists of one of the most important and mass professions increases. The car has long ceased to be a luxury, and as a vehicle now occupies a leading position among modes of transport. A rare family does without a car: men rush to work, whose place is often several dozen kilometers from the metropolis, women hurry to "drop in" at the kindergarten before work, and after it - for kilograms of provisions in the supermarket, students need to catch up between the institute and the workmanship , Do not be late for the exam ... Modern drivers have to drive cars in big cities with heavy traffic, dirt roads and roads, mountains, deserts, in winter and summer, in columns and at the maximum possible speed and.

The main thing in driving the drivers is to teach them practical driving skills, without which it is impossible to ensure an efficient and trouble-free use of the car.

At the heart of all learning are the principles of the connection between theory and practice, visibility, consciousness, activity, systematism and consistency, accessibility, the strength of the assimilation of knowledge, skills and habits. These principles are guiding and when training car drivers. The sequence of training is a very important principle of didactics, according to which the study of new teaching material is prepared by previous training. The sequence makes the learning process continuous, carried out without jumps. Going to the next section of the program, the master of production training restores the learner's knowledge in the past and prepares a transition to the new one.

Systematicity is no less important in practical training. It is one of the main skills in developing students' skills.

Practical driving instruction extends and consolidates the skills acquired by students in theoretical lessons, and directly prepares them for work by profession in conditions close to real.

Training in driving obeys the basic principle - to teach what the driver needs in independent work. The main attention should be paid to imparting to the students solid practical driving skills in difficult conditions, including in the dark. In the process of learning , the students develop comprehensively resoluteness, courage and initiative, instilling a sense of personal responsibility for the behavior on the motorway.

Trainees need to constantly instill a sense of respect for drivers of other cars and all other vehicles, a sense of respect for pedestrians, a foresight in relation to them, a steady recognition of their rights.

All practical training in driving, from the first to the last session, takes place under the sign of strict compliance with all the requirements of the Road Traffic Regulations, which in itself already ensures traffic safety. Usually at the beginning of the lesson, the master checks the knowledge of the SDA provisions pertaining to the exercise being performed. Particular attention is paid to the knowledge of traffic signs, as one of the most common means of organizing the movement of vehicles on the roads.

In the rules of the road, all the explanations to the signs, the places of their installation, the coverage areas are set out in a very brief form and are grouped according to various signs. The study of signs in this presentation is difficult. In addition, the Rules do not recommend how the driver should act in order to fulfill the requirements of a particular mark. In driving classes, the master of industrial training checks the knowledge of road signs for students, deepens their understanding and the purpose of practical application in specific road conditions.

Practical driving instruction is carried out by individual training of practical exercises determined by the program. Each exercise must be divided into several tasks, which, in turn, constitute a group of homogeneous driving techniques. The scope, content and conditions of the exercises are mandatory for all students. Simplification of the conditions of the exercise and relaxation in the derivation of assessments to learners should be considered as a violation of the requirements of the program, which prejudices the training of qualified drivers.

Exercises are worked out in the order in which they are stated in the program. With the conditions of the exercises, the routes of movement and the monitoring and evaluation standards, the students are acquainted in advance. Before practicing the training, the master of industrial training conducts an exemplary display of the performance of his methods and tasks.

The trainee performs the tasks of the exercise several times, after which he trains in the performance of the exercise as a whole. During the subsequent exercise, the master requires the student to work out and fix the methods of driving the car, worked out by him in previous exercises.

To train driving students are assigned to masters of industrial training for the entire period. Transfer of students to another master is allowed only for training on cars of other brands.

Training for every reception of machine control, performance of tasks and exercises goes from simple to complex. This principle is laid down in the training program, it is subsequently deployed in each exercise.

Literally from the first lessons in the course of training, a situation is often created, the driving in which the student is not yet trained. It is natural. At once you can not teach him everything. Therefore, in learning, it is necessary to strive to choose such conditions of motion, so that the student as rarely as possible finds himself in a similar situation. However, this is quite difficult to accomplish. Already with the first exercises of the theme "Driving a car on the roads" the student has to cross the intersections, overcome the ups and downslope, meet pedestrians on their way, move on heavy roads, etc. Training in driving a car under these conditions is carried out during the subsequent exercises. In the meantime, a master who, in time, instructs the student how to act in this situation, must come to his assistance in these conditions.

Each control element of the car, each defined by the program, the training task must be worked on with the students in one of the exercises, and in the subsequent exercises to improve skills.

From the very first lessons the master of industrial training accustoms the trainees to monitor the indications of control devices. To do this, he periodically in motion requires a report on the testimony of a device, the explanation of incorrect indications, the reasons for their appearance and the measures necessary to eliminate them.

The master of industrial training is the central figure in driving instruction, and the quality of the driver training depends largely on his personal readiness, experience and attitude to fulfilling his duties. In his work the master is guided by the training program. Each lesson is mastered according to plan. The lesson usually consists of introductory, current and final briefings. During the introductory briefing the master sets a task for the students and reminds them of safety measures, checks knowledge of the Road Traffic Regulations. Current briefing includes showing a task or reception, correcting errors for students, testing their knowledge and skills. During the final briefing, the lessons are summed up, additional tasks are given.

Practice shows that most often the masters of industrial training in teaching allow three methodological errors. Some of the training of future drivers is reduced to correcting their mistakes in driving on the go and giving little time to show and explain. Others are excessively addicted to conversations, testing knowledge of the Rules of the road. Still others, trying to teach the punctual implementation of the rules of driving, intervene every minute in the actions of students and thereby inculcate fear, slowness, and uncertainty.

Undoubtedly, training in the implementation of vehicle control techniques should begin with a brief explanation and display. At the initial training, when only the technique of driving is practiced, the display of each reception is mandatory. In the future, as the technology is developed, they are often limited to explanations, without showing. As for the comments to the students during their work at the wheel, it is necessary to take into account the degree of their preparedness and the nature of the technique being developed. In the first period of training, the remarks made during the movement of the machine very often do not reach the consciousness of the students, and, consequently, are useless. When the student acquires the skills of driving, such remarks reach the goal, and if the reception is basically done correctly, and the comments concern only the further improvement of the reception, then they should be considered appropriate.

If mistakes are made by the students during the training of initial training methods (shifting, turning, reversing , etc.), it is advisable to stop the machine and take all the errors on the spot. When practicing the same techniques performed at higher speeds or in difficult driving conditions (overtaking, climbing, sand, etc.), where the loss of speed makes the reception impossible or where the learner needs to learn skills in calculating and assessing the traffic situation, The timely remarks of the master and his advice along the way are very useful.

Finally, the intervention of the master in driving is necessary only in exceptional cases, when the student's actions can lead or lead to the creation of an emergency situation. After this stop is absolutely required. The student is given the opportunity to understand his own error and calm down. Then the master quietly and thoroughly conducts an analysis of the student's actions, what specific violations he committed, and then explains how to act. Only after this the master allows to start the movement and continues training.

When conducting classes, the master of production training should always be an example for students who, as a rule, imitate him in many ways. In addition to the ability to personally control the car in an exemplary manner, the master must always be neat; Keep the car in good condition and clean; Do not allow any deviations from the existing traffic rules, driving rules and the use of the car assigned to it. Dirty, incomplete car; Unattractive appearance of the master, the use of the car for other purposes - obvious signs of unsatisfactory driving instruction.