Platelets: the norm in women by age (table). Causes of abnormalities

Platelets are blood cells that participate in the process of thrombosis and hemostasis. They perform an important role in the body, protecting against vascular damage and bleeding. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly undergo a survey and seek medical help in case of deviations from established norms. Analyzes by which platelets are determined, the norm in women by age, the table of indicators in them and in children, the norm in men, the reasons for the deviations are presented in this material.

The role of platelets in the body

Platelets are cells that resemble small plates in shape. Their main role in the body is protection from blood loss. When the vessel is damaged, the platelets are immediately directed to the damaged area. Connecting with each other, they form a barrier, preventing bleeding.

In addition to this protective function, platelets provide a liquid state of blood, and also dissolve the formed thrombi.

That is why it is important to regularly conduct an analysis for platelets in the blood. The norm, elevated, decreased values, as well as the reasons for the deviations in the indices of these blood cells are described below.

Analyzes for the determination of the number of platelets

A simple clinical diagnosis of blood can determine the number of platelets. If the results are rejected from the norms, the doctor can recommend the patient to undergo a deeper examination - a coagulogram. For a general analysis, the material is taken from the finger, additional diagnostics involves the collection of venous blood. To decipher the result, the established norm of platelets in men, women, children is applied.

Before any of these tests, you should follow the general rules for preparing for blood donation:

• For three days it is necessary to refrain from drinking alcoholic beverages, fatty and fried foods;
• Blood is given on an empty stomach;
• It is advisable to conduct a study in the morning.

Platelets: the norm in women by age (table)

For most people, the norm is considered such indicators of the number of platelets in the blood: from 200 to 400 thousand / μl. But in women, when interpreting the results of the analysis, additional factors, such as the day of the menstrual cycle, age and even the time of the day, should be taken into account. Because of these conditions depends the speed with which the body produces platelets.

The norm for women by age (table) is presented below.

In addition to age, the factors affecting the platelet count in the blood are factors such as pregnancy and menstruation. In the first case, the volume of blood increases in the body, platelets do not have time to recover in the required amount, so a small decrease in the parameters as a result of the analysis is the norm.

During the monthly female discharge, there is a loss of blood volume in the body, which also leads to a decrease in the number of platelets. Therefore, under the above conditions, a temporary decrease in the indices up to 150 thousand / μl is permissible is the norm of platelets in women. Deviation from the norm will be established if the results of the analysis indicate the number of platelets below 150 units per microliter, and also if such indicators remain constant.

During the period of menstruation and during pregnancy, the number of platelets in the range of 150-320 thousand / μL of blood is considered normal. Women need to be examined regularly by a doctor, follow his recommendations. In the event that in addition to detecting a reduced level of platelets as a result of the analysis, there are also patient complaints about the state of health, additional diagnostic procedures should be urgently performed in order to exclude serious pathological conditions.

Explanation of results

In the form of the result of the analysis, the determination of the platelet count is indicated by different medical abbreviations. What do they mean? Explanation in the table:

• MPV (mean platelet volume) - this value indicates the average platelet count in a person's blood.
• PDW - indicates the approximate width of platelet spread.
• PCT (platelet crit) - thrombocrit.
• PLT platelets - blood levels in men, women and children are usually indicated in the PLT indicator. This figure indicates the amount of these cells in the human blood. If a deviation is detected in this indicator, the doctor may prescribe a second examination.

Norm for men

In men with a normal course of hematopoiesis, platelets are updated with constant regularity. Normally, the indicators should correspond to 180-320 thousand / μL. If the female body can tolerate the deviation in terms of the number of platelets, then in men such deviations are unacceptable. When analyzing the analysis, a specialist can either confirm the norm or point out a possible pathology in the functioning of the circulatory system.

Platelets in children

In childhood, the norms of platelet counts in the blood depend on the age of the baby. The newborn, depending on the general condition, is allowed a wide range of indicators, which can be considered in each specific case the norm. Relatively stable production of platelets by the body becomes older than 4 years.

The table below helps to decipher the result of the analysis in children.

Causes of increased rates

So, we learned what elevated blood platelets mean. And the reasons for such a state will be further presented to your attention. If the result of the analysis on the determination of such blood cells revealed abnormalities, the doctor can only suspect a certain health problem. To make a diagnosis, you need a second or more detailed additional study.

In the event that when the re-delivery of the analysis revealed excessive platelet counts, the specialist may suspect (confirm) the following violations in the patient's state of health:

1. Primary thrombosis (or disruption of bone marrow cells).
2. Infectious diseases (viral, bacterial and fungal origin).
3. Inflammatory processes in the body.
4. Extensive tissue necrosis.
5. Acceptance of some medications by the patient.
6. Open trauma, bleeding.
7. Oncological disease.
8. After surgical intervention (for example, when removing the spleen), the number of platelets increases.

Causes of low rates

A condition in which the blood contains a reduced amount of platelets is called thrombocytopenia. Often such a disease is observed in premature newborns, which is associated with underdevelopment of individual systems and organs of the baby. The result of the analysis showed that the platelets are below the norm in the child? The reasons can be the following:

• Intrauterine infection of the fetus with certain diseases;
• Incompatibility by blood group of the fetus and the mother's body;
• Asphyxia in the course of labor;
• Congenital anemia.

In children older than 4 years and adults, the reasons for this condition can be the following:

• infectious diseases;
• Intoxication of the body;
• Carrying out the procedure of hemodialysis;
• Serious allergic reactions;
• Oncology of blood;
• bleeding;
• Diseases of the autoimmune system;
• Taking certain medications.

Decipher the result of the analysis can only be a specialist. It should be borne in mind that many factors affect the extent to which the body produces platelets. The norm in women by age, the table of established indicators in children, and also the level of these cells in the blood in men should be known to every hematologist.

If a deviation from the established norms is found, it is necessary to undergo a second examination. Only in this case the doctor can confirm the diagnosis and prescribe the necessary treatment. To prevent diseases associated with impaired platelet production, you should monitor nutrition, regularly engage in cardio-operations (such as running, swimming, cycling, etc.), organize a full rest.