Plastered walls of aerated concrete: technology, necessary equipment

In Russia, suburban construction is gaining in popularity. To do this, blocks made of aerated concrete are used. Many Russians are attracted by their low price and good construction characteristics. Externally, blocks of aerated concrete resemble a porous rock, but they have distinct shapes with a smooth surface.

They are characterized by poor moisture resistance. To get rid of this serious defect, the walls of aerated concrete are covered with a layer of plaster.

Those who decided to acquire a house from this material, should know that to create a normal microclimate, you need to correctly choose the components of the plaster and the thickness of its layer applied to the walls.

Aerated concrete blocks

Such blocks are most suitable for low-rise construction. The walls erected from them have a number of significant advantages, for example, a small specific weight, which ensures a higher construction speed and reduces labor intensity of work.

Thanks to the porous structure of aerated concrete blocks, the microclimate in the building can be compared to the atmosphere of a wooden house. This is another property that makes aerated concrete popular. The material has excellent sound insulation.

It is believed that the aerocrete walls breathe. They let oxygen into the house, releasing water vapor and gases from it, formed by the natural processes of human life.

Like any other material, aerated concrete blocks have some disadvantages. Basic - low parameters of the strength of the material for bending, so when building a house you need to consider these features. The foundation of the house must be monolithic, so the masonry should be reinforced with an equal number of rows. These works make it solid and more reliable.

Priority of finishing works

It should be noted that aerated concrete blocks have a very high vapor permeability. This they are markedly different from brick and foam concrete. Plaster walls of aerated concrete should be made taking into account the individual characteristics of the material.

Aerated concrete was originally used as a heater, and only after some time it began to build farm buildings and residential buildings. If the thickness of the walls of the blocks is quite sufficient, then additional insulation is not needed. As for the finish, first of all the inner walls of the house are trimmed, and then the facade.

Many developers come opposite. Using good weather, they perform plastering on the facade of the house, and then proceed to its interior decoration. The plastering of walls made of aerated concrete, carried out in this order, is the most common and rather gross error, which can lead to detachment of the finish from aerated concrete and the formation of numerous cracks.

Internal finishing works

Moisture is the enemy for any design. Not exception and aerated concrete walls. The water that enters them penetrates the porous structure of aerated concrete. Through the walls, it does not enter the building and can not damage the interior finish, but it reduces the protective characteristics of the house. Water from the pores of the material evaporates very slowly, and if the weather is rainy, this process simply stops. The moisture that has accumulated inside the walls of aerated concrete significantly restricts its natural ventilation and thermal insulation parameters. Avoid the inconvenience will help plaster walls from aerated concrete on both sides. In addition to the protective function, it will still perform decorative.

There are several methods for finishing gas-concrete walls. The most common and affordable is plastering, which belongs to the technology of finishing vapor-proof materials.

The plastering of the internal walls is not much different from the usual finishing works. Before they start, the wall must be well prepared. It is cleaned, leveled, and then a primer coat is applied, which must completely dry out. Only after that you can proceed to the finishing works.

There is also a mechanized plaster of the walls. When this method is finished, the mixture lays down in a dense and even layer, but it is quite expensive and many Russians can not afford it.

Mixtures for finishing works

Manufacturers produce various mixtures for plastering walls. Their choice depends on the purpose of the room. For the finishing of a small living room use a standard mixture. Walls in rooms with a high percentage of moisture after finishing works are covered with a special primer that perfectly resists the influence of water.

Beginner home masters need to know that the plaster applied to the aerated concrete surface must meet certain requirements. Some features of the material itself affect the finish of the aerated concrete walls. The blocks are strong, smooth and perfectly adhered to each other in the joints, and this complicates the fixing of the solution to the wall surface.

One of the main is vapor permeability. Simply put, the material must take away and give away excess or missing moisture.

If the mixture is improperly selected, the following defects may occur:

1. The appearance of cracks on the inner and outer surfaces of the building.
2. When the surface of the wall gets wet, a masonry silhouette can appear on it, which disappears after drying.
3. Increased humidity in the rooms of the house, the appearance of an unpleasant smell.

The most popular plaster based on gypsum. It is easily bred and after application and drying it forms an even matte surface. The disadvantages are weak vapor permeability. Because of this, in the fallout of atmospheric precipitation, there is a rapid wetting of the wall surface, which dry long enough. Sometimes yellow patches can appear, traces of which can only be painted over.

The most expensive and most effective is acrylic facade plaster. It is only used in conjunction with a glass net. It has good adhesion, vapor permeability and excellent appearance. The drawbacks are that only an experienced master can work with this mixture. Only he can create a perfectly flat facade of the building.

How much is the plastering of the walls? The price depends on the cost of mixtures and ranges from 236 to 550 rubles per 1 m². An important role is played by the producer and the volume of the container.

The plaster must first be applied to the wall and only after an hour, proceed to leveling. Then the mixture should dry out within a day. The second layer, which makes the wall perfectly even, is applied to the slightly dried surface with a slightly moistened water. After complete drying, the wall can be painted with a special paint for aerated concrete blocks. Remember that the plastering of the inner walls is a responsible job, requiring full concentration and patience. Only then will you get the expected final result.

Builders need to remember that it is not worth saving on building and finishing materials. Cheap aerated concrete blocks, made by handicraft, will not save even very high-quality plaster - it simply can not fix on them.

Facade decoration

Plastering the surface is necessary immediately after the erection of aerated concrete walls to protect the walls from all external factors. Otherwise, cracks are formed under the influence of temperature drop and precipitation.

Cement plaster walls in this case will not work. Outside, the aerocrete walls are trimmed in the following sequence:

1. The facade is cleaned of dirt and dust.
2. A special primer for cellular concrete is applied.
3. Fixing the felt, made of fiberglass.
4. The walls are covered with porous plaster.

The reinforcing mesh is fixed using self-tapping screws. Choosing it, we must remember that the grid should have sufficient resistance to alkaline environment. If this is not observed, then during the finishing works the mesh can dissolve under the layer of plaster.

A mesh made of galvanized steel should be covered with a protective layer, because after a time it collapses under the influence of corrosion.

Plastering of walls with gypsum plaster outside the building should protect it from the harmful effects of moisture, so the mixture must have water-repellent properties.

The material used to build the walls is gas-permeable, so the plaster used must also comply with this parameter. And given the severe climate in most regions of Russia, it must be frost-resistant and have good compressive strength. For this, manufacturers add to the facade plaster, which looks like a dry mixture, protective synthetic components.

Preparatory work

Plastering of walls with gypsum plaster is carried out after certain preparatory works:

1. The walls under the plaster are cleaned of dirt and dust.
2. The existing defects are filled with special glue.
3. Install plastic corners on the corners and slopes.
4. Beacons are installed, which control the smoothness of the walls.
5. The wall is wetted with water.

Facade and internal plaster walls of aerated concrete should be made at a temperature not lower than +10 ° C.

Preparation of the solution

The plaster solution is quite simple. A certain amount of water is added to the prepared mixture. For optimum consistency, 0.2 liters of water per 1 kg of the mixture is required.

The solution is thoroughly mixed. You can do this manually or use an electric drill with a special nozzle. After 15 minutes, stir the prepared solution again. If the consistency does not suit, then you can add more water or a mixture. The prepared solution should be used within an hour, otherwise it will lose all its properties.

Finishing work

Mixture on aerocrete walls is applied using a trowel or a straight, thin board of a small size. Small sections of the wall can be leveled with a 30-centimeter steel spatula. The quality, control leveling of the plaster is made by a ruler 80 cm long. Excess plaster removed from the wall surface can be reused.

If the expected layer of plaster is more than 7 mm, then the work on the wall is done in two stages.

According to this scenario, works are carried out to apply plaster to aerated concrete walls. Work should not put unsolvable questions before the home master. The most important thing is to take into account the recommendations of experienced masters and follow their instructions, then the developer will be able to protect his house from adverse consequences. Pay attention to the picture on the left - this is the plaster of the walls. The photo shows one of the moments of work.

Problems caused by improper finishing

If during the work the rules were violated or the mixture was incorrectly selected, after a while there will be various defects on the wall surface.

They can show up in the form of small cracks on the finished surface or swelling. On the facade, vertical cracks may appear, and a detachment of plaster may begin.

Defects must be eliminated immediately. This will increase the final cost of the plastering of the walls and once again prove that it is necessary to use high-quality building and finishing materials from the very beginning.

Mechanical plastering of walls

Mechanized plastering of walls is a process of making and applying a mixture with the help of special equipment. These machines greatly simplify heavy physical work. With their appearance, there was no need to perform finishing work manually.

The machines not only facilitated the work of the plasterers, but also raised the quality of the work performed to a new level. Even an experienced master can not always prepare a solution of a mixture of a homogeneous consistency, and then distribute it over the entire surface. The work is carried out in stages: the solution is mixed, placed on the wall, leveled. As a result, part of the wall has dried up, the other has dried up, and the third one is still being applied with plaster. This does not guarantee a final high quality finish.

At mechanization of works the plaster is applied smoothly and quickly. The time spent on work is noticeably reduced. The machine applies the prepared mixture more quickly, which allows the use of rules of a larger size. The aerated concrete wall is more even.

Mechanized plastering of walls allows to reduce time of performance of work and to save quantity of a mix.

Advantage of mechanized plastering of walls and facades:

1. Reduction of the time for plastering.
2. Saving on the cost of the material.
3. The loss of material is reduced by 5 times.
4. High quality.
5. Increases the operational period.

Mechanical plastering of walls, the price of which depends on the amount of work, varies from 300 to 580 rubles per 1 m². It guarantees high quality finishes. Everything depends on the builder and his financial capabilities.

The result

Gas concrete country house can be plastered independently. It is necessary to correctly use the advice of experienced craftsmen, correctly pick up a mixture, perform all the finishing work, adhering to the order that is described in this article. As a result, it will turn out perfectly plastered cute house.