Pests of the garden: description and advice on combating them

Each summer resident dreams of a rich harvest, but to get it, will have to make a lot of effort. In addition to bad weather, drought or hail, the pests of the kitchen garden can be brought to nothing. How to deal with them, not only shop, but also improvised means, you can find out further.

Methods of pest control

Harmful insects can not only reduce the quality of the crop, but also destroy the plant completely, and you will have to work hard to protect your garden, garden. Pest control should begin with prevention, which includes such methods:

• Agrotechnical - digging soil, pruning and removing the affected and dry branches, destroying weeds and preventive treatment of seedlings, cuttings, tubers and other planting material.
• Mechanical means the search and destruction of nests of insects along with the testicles.
• Biological - connection of useful insects and birds to pest control.
• Chemical - the fight against insects with the help of various drugs.

What pests are considered pests of fields and gardens? Cabbage shovel and whiting, aphids, honey bearers, wireworms, potato moths, slugs, Colorado beetles have become a real bane of every summer resident, and the struggle with them does not stop for a minute.

Broth of bitter wormwood against caterpillars

With cabbage whiting and scoop, you can cope with the help of decoctions of plants, which are absolutely harmless to humans, but the pests of the garden and the garden are afraid of them. Quickly destroy pests decoction of bitter wormwood. To do this, it is necessary to boil 1 kg of dried plants for a quarter of an hour. Next, the broth is cooled and filtered, after which it is diluted with water (10 liters). Will help strengthen the effect of the infusion of chicken litter (1 kg is filled with water and left for 2 days). After that, mixed wormwood decoction and flavored infusion. Then the mixture is filtered and water is added in such a quantity that the resulting volume is equal to 10 liters. Now it is necessary to spray the plants until the pests are completely destroyed once a week.

Other useful infusions and decoctions against caterpillars

The wreckers of the garden are extremely afraid of the mug from the burdock. Prepare it fairly simple. To do this, finely crumbled plant leaves are placed in a container, filling it half. Next, the dishes are poured with water on the edge and left for three days to insist. After that the mixture is filtered, and it is possible to spray the plants.

Infusion of chamomile is also very popular among gardeners and truck farmers: flowers are flooded with water in a proportion of 1:10. The mixture is infused for 12 hours, with the plants sometimes stirring. Now the infusion is filtered and diluted with water in a proportion of 1: 5.

An excellent remedy against caterpillars is an infusion of briskness. To make it, you need to take 0.5 kg of dry plant and insist it in 10 liters of water.

Chemistry against insects

Despite all the assurances of sellers that this or that remedy is harmless to health, chemical preparations should be treated with utmost caution. The most common of these are "Benzophosphate" and "Carbophos", which should be diluted at least 60 g per 10 liters of water. Stop spraying should be no later than a month before harvest. No less popular is "Foksim" (100 grams per 10 liters of water). The last treatment with this drug should be done in 20 days. It is a success for summer residents and "Rovikurt" (10-25 g per 10 liters of water). This solution can be used 15 days before cleaning.

But what if the plants were attacked by pests before harvesting? In this case, a biological agent will help. Pests of the garden are sprayed with "Dendrobacillin" or "Entobacterin" in the proportion of 60 g per 10 liters of water. Vegetables and fruits become harmless after 5 days after the last spraying.

How to deal with aphids and mites?

These pests of the garden are quite dangerous and cause huge damage to vegetable and melon crops. But you can get rid of them with the help of safe natural preparations. A simple and proven way to destroy these insects is to prepare a decoction of potato melon. To do this, take 1.2 kg of fresh shredded leaves, plants are poured 10 liters of water and the mixture is left for 2-3 hours. After that the solution is filtered, and they can be sprayed with plants.

Infusion of gorchak: 1 kg of flowers boiled for 30 minutes in 10 liters of water. After that the mixture is cooled and filtered. Now 20-30 grams of laundry soap should be added to the solution. Then you can spray the affected plant aphids. Also against these pests will help infusions and decoctions of dandelion, tobacco, bitter pepper, tomato tops, yarrow, garlic and onion husks.

Chemistry against aphids

The most famous and harmless way for health to get rid of pests is to treat the affected areas with a solution of soap and household soda ash. Prepare it quite simply: 50 g of soda and 50 g of soap are bred in 10 liters of water. The only thing to remember: you can consume vegetables after this treatment not earlier than 10 days. "Benzophosphate", "Rovikurt" and "Carbophos" are also effective against these insects. Use them in the same proportion as against the caterpillars.

Beach of gardens - a bear

If you ask any gardener, what insects - pests of fields, vegetable gardens are the most dangerous, then, of course, everyone will answer that it is a bear, it's a cabbage, or an earthen crustacean. This insect loves well-moistened and fertilized with manure and can damage seedlings, tubers and even fruits of any vegetable, fruit or flower plant. Fighting a pest is very difficult, since an insect is almost impossible to detect in the ground. The best means of destruction is "Carbophos": in 10 liters of water dilute 20-25 g of the substance and the resulting solution to process the soil in the evening, spending about 10 liters per 1 square. M. The pest can be exterminated only in the autumn. Before digging a garden, it is worth pouring the roots of plants with this solution: 100 g of kerosene is diluted in a liter of water.

But before using chemicals, it is better to carry out prevention. Scare alder helps to scare off the pest, which must be buried in the ground every 1.5 meters. Lures and traps will also help. In the warm season, spread out over the site small piles of manure and check them every 15 days for eggs and insects. It is also possible to arrange traps, and for this, dig in small pellets in such a way that the edges are on one level with the soil. Pour water into the trap so that it does not reach the edge by about 9 cm.

Wireworms

These insects - pests of fields and gardens look like small beetles up to 2 centimeters long. You can recognize them at the click of the insects, if they are turned over on the backs. By themselves, these beetles are harmless enough, but their larvae do great harm to plants. The fight against wireworms is very difficult and time-consuming, but it is possible to reduce losses systematically. Beginning of the war follows the early spring. Throughout the site, spread out bunches of leaves and straw and destroy the insects gathered there. Very effective bait from vegetables: potatoes, beets, carrots. Small pieces are strung on twigs and buried to a depth of 12 cm. After a couple of days, you should inspect the traps and destroy the beetles. After updating the cut, you can use the traps repeatedly in other parts of the garden.

Protect the seedlings from the wireworm can, if a day before planting, treat the holes with a weak solution of potassium permanganate (three to five grams per 10 liters of water). In May-June it is necessary to loosen rows between rows. This will help to easily destroy the bulk of the beetle larvae. Timely disposal of weeds will help in the fight against the pest, because these insects like to lay the larvae in overgrown places. In autumn, when digging into chernozem, you can add a little coal ash at a rate of 1 liter per 1 sq. Km. M. Of the chemical agents against the wire will help "Diazinon" (30 grams per 10 square meters) and "Foksim" (50 grams per same area).

Potato moth

The most dangerous pest that can be destroyed only by gas treatment with aerosol preparations. These pests of fields and orchards look like gray butterflies, reaching a length of 12-15 mm. The rear wings of the insect are decorated with a long fringe. The damage is caused by a caterpillar that has a yellow color and a black or dark brown head. Damages any solanaceous plants both during the growing season and during the storage of the crop. It is almost impossible to destroy a pest on its own, and if it is found, it is necessary to notify the state inspection urgently.

Colorado beetle

These insects - pests of the garden are known to any summer resident. Despite the fact that the Colorado beetle spoils only potatoes, partially tomato and eggplant, an ongoing struggle is under way, because in a season three generations of a gluttonous beetle may appear. Destroy the pest better with the help of natural methods. On sites with a small amount of potatoes and aubergines, periodic manual collection of beetles, as well as nests and larvae, is necessary. Before the emergence of plants, you can put the potato peel on the site. It will necessarily meet a large number of insects, which are easy to destroy.

Spray plants can be harmless infusion of walnut. The recipe is simple: fresh leaves (100 g) are filled with 2 liters of water. The mixture is boiled for 10 minutes, after which it is cooled and filtered. Further 200 g of this broth are bred in 10 liters of water. You can start spraying. If it is not possible to destroy the Colorado beetle by such methods, then it is necessary to use chemical preparations. Currently, there is a huge amount of their choice to deal with this insect. But it's worth remembering about caution and carefully follow the instructions for using any drug.

Slugs

These pests of the kitchen garden cause great concern to the owners of the plots located in the humid locality. Since insects prefer to eat at night, it is better to start fighting with them from the evening. To do this, it is necessary to lay out any wet material on the site, sackcloth will fit. Slugs are sure to gather here, and in the morning they can be easily destroyed. It would be superfluous to pollinate the plants with ash after dark. You can also use slaked lime. In the fight against this insect, such a decoction will help: 0.5 kg of bitter pepper is crushed and boiled in 5 liters of water for one hour. Then the mixture should be allowed to infuse for two or three days. The resulting concentrate should be diluted with water in a proportion of 0.5: 10, and the area can be treated.