Parotitis

The source of the infectious process is a patient who becomes infectious a few days before the appearance of the first clinical symptoms and in the first few days after the appearance of characteristic symptoms. Epidemic
Parotitis can be transmitted not only by airborne droplets, is not excluded
Variant of transmission of the disease through toys and contaminated objects.

Epidemic parotitis in children is more common and seasonal. The maximum incidence rate is in April and March, and occurs in the form of epidemic outbreaks. Epidemic parotitis in adults is observed much less frequently, since practically in the whole adult population there are antiparotite antibodies in the blood. Introduction to the practice of immunization with live vaccines has significantly reduced the incidence rate.

Infection penetrates into the body of a child or adult through mucous membranes
respiratory tract. Viral infection quickly spreads through the body and
Is grouped in the central nervous system and glandular organs. Clinical manifestations are very
Are diverse and largely depend on the localization of the focus of infection. Epidemic parotitis contributes to the development of persistent specific antibodies, which persist throughout the subsequent life.

The incubation period of the disease lasts from 11 to 22 days, a few days before the appearance of visible symptoms there are joint and muscle pains, chills, dry mouth, painful sensations in the salivary glands. Epidemic parotitis begins with sudden fever and chills, fever lasts no more than a week. Occasionally, mumps cases occur at normal temperature. Feverish condition is accompanied by headache, weakness and malaise, insomnia.

The main symptom of parotitis is inflammation of the parotid, and sometimes sublingual and submandibular salivary glands. In their area there is a noticeable swelling, the patient's face takes a pear-shaped form, the lobes of the ears rise. As a rule, epidemic parotitis is bilateral. Painful sensations are observed for the first few days, and then disappear, and the puffiness gradually decreases. Deafness and infertility are the most dangerous complications of the disease, therefore it is necessary to take mumps very seriously. As a result of the disease, the genital and mammary glands, the pancreas, as well as the nervous system, kidneys, joints, myocardium can be affected. In children, the most common complication is serous meningitis. In some patients, there are manifestations of encephalomyelitis and encephalitis. In this case, consciousness is disturbed, uneven tendon reflexes are observed, hemiparesis and paresis of the facial nerve occur . Fetal infection in pregnant women can lead to the development of primary fibroelastosis of the myocardium in a child.

Treatment of mumps is possible at home. Hospitalization is performed in severe forms with complications. Isolation of patients at home must be at least 9 days, disinfection in the outbreaks of the disease is not carried out. In children's establishments establish a quarantine duration of 21 days. The main goal of therapy is to prevent possible complications. Bed rest should be observed for at least 10 days.

Diet during the disease must be milk-vegetable, should be avoided
Overeating. You can eat potatoes, black bread, rice. Lethal outcomes in epidemic parotitis are extremely rare, predictions for life are favorable. It should, however, beware of possible atrophy of the testicles and deafness. After mumps meningoencephalitis and meningitis for a long time, asthenia is observed.