Pacific Ocean: an organic world. Representatives of the organic world of the Pacific

It is hard to imagine a more ancient formation on the planet Earth than the ocean. From the once huge, global ocean of Tethys, over time, four different reservoirs have emerged, the largest of which is called the Pacific Ocean.

Loud about the Pacific

The Pacific Ocean is the record for many indicators. It is huge (it occupies the third part of the earth's surface) and is not at all quiet. And it was named with the easy hand of Fernand Magellan, who was the first who had the courage to completely cross this reservoir, and at the same time he was lucky not to get into a storm. But do not delude yourself: these waters can be very dangerous because of the air streams walking over their surface.

In addition, the Pacific Ocean - the greatest ocean of the Earth, twice the Atlantic brother. About its size can give an idea of one fact: on the shores of this amazing reservoir live about half of the total population of the earth (50 states).

The Pacific Ocean is the deepest in the world. It is in its thickness is the famous Mariana Trench, whose depth reaches 11 km. This deepening is the most significant on our planet. In addition to it, there is another 10-kilometer Philippine gutter.

The bottom of the Pacific Ocean has one of the most complicated reliefs, and the number of islands on its territory reaches 10 thousand.

Despite the depth, the Pacific Ocean is called the warmest among others. The fact is that it has the shape of an oval, which expands in the region of the equator, which explains the warmth of its waters.

The ocean stretches on a huge Pacific plate, between the two Americas, Antarctica and Australia. It crosses almost all climatic zones of the Earth, therefore the Pacific Ocean, the organic world of a huge reservoir, is worthy of attention. After all, it is home to half of the total mass of organisms living in the World Ocean.

Organics of the largest ocean

The organic world of the Pacific Ocean is difficult to describe briefly. Especially it is rich in a variety of life forms in tropical and equatorial latitudes. In the north of the oldest of the oceans, large numbers of salmon fish migrate. The waters off the coast of South America abound with phyto- and zooplankton, as well as anchovies, horse mackerel and mackerel. Coral reefs are simply teeming with a variety of living creatures: sea urchins, various mollusks. In the deep layers of water splashing huge whales, octopus, sharks, crabs and squid. A huge mollusk, called tridakna, which weighs about 250 kilograms, is also hidden in the dark bulk of the Pacific Ocean.

Of the plant world of oceanic depths, the legendary laminaria and giant-microcystis are particularly prominent. In general, the organic world of the Pacific Is diverse, and sometimes unique. For example, the only reef on the planet, created by living organisms, is located off the Australian coast, in the tropics of the Pacific Ocean. This ridge can be compared in size with the Ural Mountains.

Fauna: characteristic representatives

Considering that the Pacific Ocean and its inhabitants appeared long before the development of human civilization, the depth of this reservoir is fraught with unprecedented species diversity. And some representatives of the organic world of the Pacific long ago died out in other places of the World water space. In its thickness are found almost all types of commercial fish, huge mammals, such as whales, for example, sperm whales. There are also endemics: sea urchins, beavers and seals. The abundance of zooplankton, mollusks, oysters, crabs, jellyfish, squid and mussels allows to hope that the rest of the inhabitants are fully provided with food. The equator is home to sharks and sailfishes. Tuna is common. Here, with comfort lives a nightmare of a scuba diver: a huge mollusc - tridakna.

In principle, the Pacific Ocean, the organic world of the reservoir in particular, depends on the amount of phytoplankton. Where it is enough, the rest of life develops there: zooplankton, mollusks, squid, whales and other representatives of the organic world.

Seals

Features of the organic world of the Pacific Ocean is that no matter how many climatic zones affect its thickness, but one mammal is invariably the only inhabitant of this reservoir. It is called a fur seal. This animal is something in between the seal and the sea lion. The fur seal is covered with stiff bristles, it has ears, which when closed immersed in water. Swim fins or fins help him to swim, even on land. Catkins dive to a depth of 60 meters, catching fish and squid. They hunt mainly at night. A thick fat layer saves life for seals, during those hard times when mammals can not find their sustenance. He heats and nourishes these unique animals.

Flocks of fur seals migrate several times a year: in the spring, on the islands of the Bering Sea , offspring appear in mammals, and they prefer wintering on the high seas. Manages mammals and protects a flock of experienced leaders.

Tridakna: Pacific horror

A creature living at a depth of about 100 meters underwater, a natural filter and a pearl producer, is a myth or reality? This is an absolute truth. Huge shellfish, the weight of which reaches half a ton, really inhabit the thickness of the waters of the Pacific Ocean, near the Philippines. This creature is able to flow through itself masses of water, thus saturating plankton and oxygen. Mollusks can be dangerous for a scuba diver: after holding the limb of a person, they deprive him of the chance to float to the surface. Like any other kind of mollusk, tridacts give birth to pearls. The history with delight speaks about a pearl in weight about 7 kg, having a kind of the person dressed in a turban.

Unfortunately, this unique mollusc gradually disappears from the face of the earth. It is simply eaten. Sometimes the meat of an oceanic inhabitant is cut directly under water. Also, souvenirs are being cut out of shells, which are in demand among tourists. Excellent tridakna looks in aquariums and artificial ponds. In addition to aesthetic appeal, it cleans water qualitatively.

A variety of flora

The Pacific Ocean, whose organic world is incredibly diverse, is inconceivable without vegetation. Density and its fullness, is regulated again by the climatic belt. For example, in the tropics, coral reefs and mangroves are common. As for phytoplankton, it is represented mainly by such species of algae as diatome and peridinia. About what kind of organic peace in the Pacific Ocean at the bottom, can say the figure that characterizes the amount of bottom algae: 4 thousand species. In cold waters, there is an accumulation of laminar and brown algae.

Laminaria: more than algae

The Pacific is beautiful and mighty. The organic world of it is filled with many creatures and plants, among which there is a famous kelp. This alga in common parlance is called sea kale. It reaches a length of 20 meters. The special value of this oceanic product is that laminaria is abundant in iodine. This allows the human body to feed on this trace element, which will avoid problems with the thyroid gland in the future. In addition, iodine is an excellent disinfector. Laminaria makes popular salads and canned food. Also, kelp is actively used in the medical industry: it produces medicines, is used for pathologies of pregnant women and for obstetric care. Cosmetics based on this oceanic woman contribute to skin regeneration and weight loss.

We described the organic world of the Pacific as briefly as possible. Although, of course, this is the tip of the iceberg, since the depths of the "not quiet" reservoir store a lot of unsolved mysteries.