Ovarian fibroids: symptoms, causes, treatment

Ovarian fibroid is a tumor of connective tissue. The disease does not show hormonal activity. The tumor is benign. Experts diagnose this ailment in 10% of all applications associated with such neoplasms. Fibroma occurs, as a rule, in women aged 40 years. However, the disease can develop in younger individuals.

Looks like

Ovarian fibroid has an oval or round shape. The surface of this growth is usually flat or nodular. Dimensions of fibroids can reach more than 10 centimeters. Neoplasm, which has vvdopolostosti, acquires a dense elastic consistency. Swelling of the tissues makes it softer. If calcium deposits are present, the tumor becomes solid.

It is worth noting that in some cases, the fibroid may have a leg. Because of this, the formation becomes mobile. This fibroid grows much more slowly. However, some dystrophic changes can only accelerate its growth.

Why does ovarian fibroma occur?

The causes of the appearance of such neoplasms are still not precisely defined. Experts believe that the tumor is formed and gradually proliferates from the stroma of the organ. In certain cases, the neoplasm arises from fibrous tissue. The risk group includes those women who have an unfavorable premorbid background. Often the representatives of the weaker sex begin to develop pathologies of the endocrine system, a chronic inflammatory process in the ovary and appendage, as well as a decrease in immunity.

Types of tumors

Ovarian fibroids can be of two types, if classified by structure. The first form is a limited swelling, which has a capsule with distinct outlines that separates fibroma from the tissue. Such neoplasms, as a rule, are oval. The second form is diffuse, since it affects completely the ovarian tissue. Capsule in this case may be absent. This type of neoplasm is diagnosed more often. However, the histology of both forms of fibroids is almost the same. They are formed from fibrous-type substances, as well as cellular elements. However, the quantitative ratio is completely different.

It should be noted that ovarian fibroids, the treatment of which will be described below, may contain cysts. Tumors are usually swollen. With tissue dystrophy, the growth of neoplasms is significantly accelerated. This disease often causes more serious complications. This can be a twisting of the legs, hemorrhage, tissue necrosis, degeneration into a malignant tumor, suppuration of the neoplasm, and so on. Ovarian fibroid is very often accompanied by uterine myoma and ovarian cysts. These diseases have a similar etiological development.

Does the reproductive health of ovarian fibroid strongly affect it? Pregnancy can come. If the tumor is small in size, then it is not capable of causing disturbances in the functioning of organs. A woman in such a situation has a chance to conceive a child and endure it.

Ovarian fibroid: symptoms

If the tumor has small dimensions, for example, no more than 30 millimeters, then the organs continue to function properly. The main symptoms of the disease may not appear for a long time. If the fibroid begins to increase in size, then there are signs of Mace syndrome: ascites, anemia, pleurisy and so on. Often a woman has bloating and unpleasant sensations. This may cause tachycardia, dyspnea and general weakness. A woman with an ovarian fibroid is much fatigued more quickly. Ascites are the main sign of the ovarian cyst, which is often formed when the transudate is released directly into the abdominal cavity.

Symptoms of ovarian fibroid may be quite different. Often with this disease, cachexia and polyserositis are noted. These signs indicate the presence of malignant neoplasms. It is worth noting that the symptomatology, as well as the severity of the illness, depend for the most part on the degree of squeezing of the neighboring organs by the liquid. With necrosis and hemorrhages in the neoplasm, more pronounced signs of irritation of the peritoneum appear. Ovarian fibroid does not cause menstrual irregularities.

Who to contact?

At the first symptoms of the disease a woman should undergo a thorough examination. First of all you should visit a gynecologist. The doctor in such cases conducts inspection with a two-handed method. In this case, a specialist can determine not only the location of the tumor, but also establish its surface structure, stony stonyness, density, tenderness and mobility.

Basic diagnostic methods

After a thorough examination, the woman should undergo additional laboratory tests. With fibroids of the ovary, it is necessary to pass not only a general blood test, but also an analysis for oncomarkers. Confirmed diagnosis only after ultrasound, which allows you to determine the main parameters of fibroids.

In some cases, pleural puncture is required . After this, the cytological material is carefully studied in the laboratory. At the end of the diagnosis, specialists should examine the remote tissues.

Therapy of fibroid

How is ovarian fibroid treated? With such a disease, conservative therapy does not give results, since such neoplasms can not be resorbed. In this case, surgical intervention is recommended, in which ovarian fibroids are removed. The operation is performed only after a thorough examination. In this case, the doctor takes into account the presence of any pathologies, the status of the uterus and the second ovary, the age of the patient, and the size of the lesion.

In addition, the specialist must determine the completeness of the operation and the type of access. If the ovarian fibroid is small, then it is removed by the most gentle method - laparoscopy. In this situation, the tumor is carcassed. In this case, the functions of the organs are fully preserved.

If the tumor is large

Elimination of a large lesion occurs with the removal of the ovary. In such situations, the organ is compressed, stretched and gradually transformed into a capsule cyst. The follicles can undergo complete atrophy. Women who are at the age of postmenopause, with large fibroids, remove not only the ovary, but also the appendages. If both organs are affected, then part of what is less affected by the disease is left.

Prophylaxis of ailment

Ovarian fibroids are a serious illness that can last for a long time without any signs. Preventive measures in this case does not exist. It is simply impossible to prevent the development of the disease. As for the postoperative prognosis, it is always favorable. Rebirth of ovarian fibroids in malignant neoplasm occurs in only 1% of all women undergoing surgical intervention. The process of rehabilitation after surgery is easy, and the patients recover quickly. During this period the doctor can prescribe a course of antibiotics.

In conclusion

Now you know what ovarian fibrosis is, how it manifests itself and what consequences it leads to. Therapy of this disease is carried out only by surgical intervention. The means of alternative medicine in such a situation are simply useless. Since preventive measures of the disease do not exist, a woman must undergo a thorough examination every year from a gynecologist, and also conduct an ultrasound. This is the only way to diagnose ovarian fibroid and prevent its further development.