Names of Russian folk tales and their classification

As you already know, a fairy tale is a prose or poetic work of folk oral folklore or fiction. Basically, fairy tales are designed for children. Ask any child: "Write the names of Russian folk tales." Most likely, he will gladly and joyfully fulfill this kind of request. But, of course, there are fairy tales for an adult audience.

The names of Russian folk tales to many become familiar from the earliest childhood, when parents tell the child at night these magical tales. Then - a kindergarten, where educators and nannies can also continue the tradition. And in school some similar works are included in the program for the study of Russian literature. So, we can say, the fairy tale is with us all my life: in adulthood we already read fairy tales to our children and grandchildren.

General classification

Russian fairy tales have a fairly clear classification, invented by scholars and literary scholars for more complete study and reflection. The largest division: the works of folklore and author's, literary.

The folklore fairy tale is passed from mouth to mouth (at least, it was so before, before the mass appearance of books). Its author is a collective, the name is the people. Plots of such folklore rely on fiction and are present in the folk art of all countries of the world.

A literary (author's) tale belongs to the pen of a particular author. It can be created on the basis of folk art, and can be used a revised or original story. A vivid example of author's fairy tales in verse is the creation of Pushkin, the greatest storyteller who, in his works, created an extravaganza of images and stories, relying on folk sources and even on the very names of Russian folk tales (compare "About the Priest and His Worker Balde", "About the Fisherman and Fish ").

Classification of folk tales

These works of the Russian people, in turn, are divided into fairy tales about animals, magical, everyday, legendary, boring and others (they include both jokes and fables here). Some researchers believe that myths are based on folk tales that have lost the original meaning of faith, their sacral and practical ritual application. And in the fairy-tale work, the fiction and artistic quality of the plot come to the fore. In this they first of all differ from the epic. And folklore tales are characterized by anonymity, oralism and collectivity.

Household Russian folk tales

Their names since childhood, as they say, on hearing. Household fairy tales occupy a significant place in folk art. What is characteristic for them? They narrate about plots, as a rule, from everyday life (unlike magical ones, for example). The heroes of the works are real characters: husband, wife, soldier, master, priest, merchant, worker and others. Subjects also do not differ in intricacy and narrate about fooling a rich master or about teaching a stupid and negligent wife. Thus, a household fairy tale is a work of oral folk art on a household theme. Here are just some of the names of Russian folk tales of this nature: "Kasha (or soup) from the ax", "Pop and the worker", "The master and the dog", "The master and the peasant," "The funeral of the goat", "The fool and the birch" Pot". So, everyone knows a fairy tale about a savvy soldier who cooks porridge from an ax, that is, as if out of nothing, but at the same time asks to bring him a variety of different products to make the dish more interesting.

Russian folk fairy tales

We also remember their names from the very childhood. The general atmosphere of magic and all kinds of miracles is a characteristic feature of this type. Plunging into it, each child is brought up on the global principles of the struggle between good and evil (ultimately the victory of the first over the latter), with great ease perceives the system of existing universal morality.

Magic characters, present in tales: Koschey the Immortal, Baba-yaga, Leshy and Water - sometimes good, sometimes evil. They help or hinder the protagonist to carry out the conceived with the help of various magic items. Names of Russian folk tales about magic for children of different ages: Sivka-Burka, Marya Morevna, Vasilisa the Beautiful, Ivan Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf, The Frog Princess, The Scarlet Flower, The Sister Alenushka And brother Ivanushka "and many others.