Mikhail Bulgakov: works. List of works with dates

Today we will tell you about the life and work of such a famous poet and playwright as Mikhail Bulgakov, whose list of works you will find at the very end of the article.

This man was born on May 3, 1891 in Kiev. His parents were educated and intelligent people. My mother worked as a teacher in progymnasium, and my father graduated from the spiritual academy taught at various educational institutions. At the end of 1893 he began to perform the duties of the Kiev regional censor, among which was the censorship of literature not only in Russian, but also in other languages. In addition to Michael, the family had five children.

Study

Studied Bulgakov in the First Alexander's Gymnasium, which was distinguished by a high educational level, and in 1909 entered the Kiev University at the Medical Faculty. Then, in 1914, the First World War began. In 1916, after graduation, the future writer worked in a field hospital in Cherepovets and Kamenets-Podolsky. In September of the same year, he was recalled from the front and sent to run a rural hospital in the Smolensk province.

Vyazemsky period

In 1917, Mikhail Afanasyevich was transferred to Vyazma. This life period was reflected in the creation of the "Notes of a Young Doctor", created in 1926. Bulgakov's works, a list of which is presented below, can not be imagined without mentioning this work. His protagonist is a talented doctor, an honest worker, often rescues people in seemingly hopeless situations, acutely senses the plight of the uneducated peasantry from the remote Smolensk villages and feels powerless to change anything for the better.

Revolution

The revolution broke the habitual way of life. In the essay "Kiev-city" (1923), the writer expresses his opinion about it. He notes that, with revolutionary changes, the "history" came threateningly and suddenly. Mikhail Afanasyevich is released from military service after the October Revolution, and he returns to Kiev, which was soon occupied by German troops. Here the writer plunges into the maelstrom of the Civil War that began. Bulgakov's works, the list of which is presented below, include the creations of these years.

Bulgakov - doctor

Since Mikhail Afanasevich was a good doctor, both his and other belligerents needed his services. Although he remained faithful to humanistic ideals in any situation, his heart gradually began to grow indignant with the cruelty of white and Petlyura, later reflected in the stories "On the Night of the 3rd Number" and "Plaque," in the novel "The White Guard" and plays "Running" and "Days of Turbines". Honestly fulfilling a medical duty, Bulgakov in the end of 1919 became an involuntary witness in Vladikavkaz of cruel crimes. Refusing to take part in this war, at the beginning of 1920 Bulgakov left Denikin's army. The works, the list of which you will find in this article, somehow reflect these and other biographical details.

Writing career

Mikhail Afanasyevich forever decides to leave his studies in medicine and start a career in writing with writing articles for local newspapers. His first story he finished in the autumn of 1919. In the winter of 1919-1920, several feuilletons and short stories were written. In one of them, "Tribute to admiration", it is told about street clashes that occurred during the Civil War and the revolution in Kiev.

Theatrical plays

Bulgakov shortly before White retreated from Vladikavkaz, seriously fell ill with recurrent typhus. He recovered in the spring of 1920, when parts of the Red Army already occupied the city. Since that time, the writer began to cooperate with the revolutionary committee, with the sub-department of the arts, writing plays for the Ingush and Ossetian theatrical companies, reflecting his views on the revolution. They were only one-day agitation, and they were created mainly in order to survive in a difficult time. The Vladikavkaz impressions of Mikhail Afanasyevich were reflected in his famous novel "Notes on Cuffs".

Moving to Moscow

First in Tiflis, and then in Batumi, Bulgakov had the opportunity to emigrate. However, he understood that he must be with the people at this difficult time for the country. Therefore, in 1921 Mikhail Afanasyevich moved to Moscow. Beginning in the spring of 1922, articles under his authorship appear regularly in Moscow magazines and newspapers. The satirical essays and pamphlets reflected the main features of the post-revolutionary society. The main object of the writer's satire are the Nouveau riche Nepmen, whom he called the "scum of the NEP" (novels "The Bowl of Life" and "Trillionaire"), as well as representatives of the population with a low level of culture: bazaar vendors, residents of Moscow communal homes, bureaucrat employees and others. Mikhail Afanasyevich notices the features of the new time. In one of his essays a boy-schoolboy appears (as a symbol of new trends) walking along the street with a new knapsack.

"Fatal eggs"

"Fatal eggs" was published in 1924 by Bulgakov. The works listed below can not be imagined without mentioning this story. Its action was transferred to a distant imaginary future, more precisely, in 1928. Then the results of the NEP became obvious, including a strong rise in the living standards of the country's population. Persikov, the protagonist of the story, made a great discovery that could be of great benefit to mankind. But in the hands of self-confident, semi-literate people, with the bureaucracy that was emerging, blossoming in the period of War Communism, and further strengthening its position in the NEP, this invention turns into a tragedy. Not only Persikov, but almost all the heroes of Bulgakov's novels of the 1920s fail. In his works, Mikhail Afanasyevich tried to convey to the reader the idea of the unpreparedness of modern society to adopt new principles of relationships based on respect for work, knowledge and culture.

"Running" and "Days of Turbines"

In the plays "Running" and "Days of the Turbins" (1925-1928), the writer depicted the fact that all successive authorities in the Civil War are hostile to the intelligentsia. The characters of these works are typical representatives of the so-called "new intelligentsia" who perceived the revolution first either waryly or openly fought against it. Mikhail Afanasevich attributed himself also to a new layer, which he wrote with humor in his feuilleton "The Capital in a Notepad".

The writer's plight

Sensitively reacted to public changes, felt injustice, doubted the need for measures, but he did not cease to believe in the people, the Bulgakov man. The works whose list we offer you reflects this. They doubted with him and experienced the heroes of his creations, which was met with criticism unkindly. Attacks on the writer in 1929 intensified. All his plays were removed from the stage: "Crimson Island", "Days of Turbines" and "Zoykina apartment". Being in a difficult situation, the writer decides to write a letter to the government, in which he asked for permission to leave the country. Soon there was a conversation with Stalin, after which Mikhail Afanasyevich was appointed as the assistant director of the Moscow Art Theater. Once again appeared on the scenes staging Bulgakov's plays, and after a while - and the staging of "Dead Souls" (Bulgakov).

All the works listed below are listed in our article in chronological order, from which you can see that after 1927 no more lines of this author appeared in the press, since he was on the list of banned. Despite this, Mikhail Afanasyevich did not leave his homeland. It was in our country that Bulgakov created all the works. List, the year of writing and their names, see at the end of the article.

"The Master and Margarita"

In 1933, the writer attempted to publish the novel "The Life of Monsieur de Moliere" in the series "ZHZL", but he again expected a failure. Until his death, Mikhail Afanasyevich no longer tried to publish his works. This time he devoted work on the work "Master and Margarita", a novel that became one of the greatest achievements of the world prose of the 20th century. It took 12 years for Mikhail Afanasyevich to work.

Early versions of the work seemed to him not successful enough, so for several years he again and again returned to his characters, coming up with new conflicts and scenes. Only in 1932 the novel acquired a narrative completeness.

In recent years, Bulgakov, although he continued to work, still did not publish. This broke him and led to an aggravation of the disease and the subsequent rapid death. Bulgakov died on March 10, 1940, and was buried in Moscow, at the Novodevichy Cemetery.

List of Bulgakov's works with dates

Stories:

- "Notes on cuffs":

• 1922 - "The extraordinary adventures of a doctor," "The Red Crown," "On the night of the third day";
• 1923 - Chinese history "," Plaque "," Notes on cuffs ";
• 1924 - "Bohemia".

- "Notes of a young doctor":

• 1925 - "Baptism by turn", "Darkness of Egypt";
• 1926 - "Towel with a rooster", "Blizzard", "Missing eye", "Star rash", as well as the story "I killed";
• 1927 - the story "Morphine", adjoining to the cycle.

Various wrote Mikhail Bulgakov works. The list, of which we have already listed the stories, will be supplemented with novels and plays.

Novels:

• 1924 - The White Guard;
• 1962 - "The Life of Monsieur de Moliere";
• 1965 - "Notes of the deceased";
• 1967 - Master and Margarita.

Plays:

• 1925 - "Zoykina apartment";
• 1925 - "Fist of the bookkeeper";
• 1926 - "Days of the Turbins";
• 1930 year - "Kabala svjatosh";
• 1955 - "Alexander Pushkin";
• 1962 - "Running";
• 1965 - "Ivan Vasilievich";
• 1965 - "The Crazy Jourdain";
• 1966 - "Bliss";
• 1977 - Batum;
• 1986 - "War and Peace";
• 1986 - "Dead Souls".

These are the main creations that Bulgakov created. The works whose list has been submitted to you are not limited to those. Here we did not include feuilletons, articles, essays and some other works, which would also be useful to get acquainted with.

Films based on works by Bulgakov, listed above, have been created by many domestic and foreign filmmakers. The most famous screen versions of "The Master and Margarita" - Alexander Petrovich, Yuri Karra and Vladimir Bortko, created in Russia.