Maxim Gorky, "Mother": a summary. Analysis of Gorky's novel "Mother"

We present to your attention the novel that M. Gorky created, "Mother," a brief summary of it and analysis. This work was published for the first time in the USA (1906-1907). With significant censorship distortions in our country, it came out in 1907-1908. And only after the revolution of 1917 - in its original form.

Andrei Nakhodka

Andrei Onisimovich Nakhodka (Andrei - "Khokhol") - revolutionary-underground, adopted son of Nilovna and friend of Pavel Vlasov. He is Ukrainian, an orphan-adopted (as the name of the hero says), "illegitimate". His name means that he is "the son of all people," symbolizing the humane, "all-human beginning of the revolution, which M. Gorky (" Mother ") wanted to emphasize.

The summary of the novel consists of the following events.

Arrest

The hero expresses thoughts about the international brotherhood of workers, containing references to the Gospel. Nilovna offers him to settle in their house. As a result of the search, it turns out that Andrei has already twice been involved in the investigation for political crimes. He is arrested again, but after a few weeks they are released. In a conversation with him for Nilovna, the sense of motherhood in a universal, concrete, even mystical sense is actualized. This hero takes in the murder of Isaiah Gorbov, a local informer and spy, indirect participation. It causes severe moral suffering, although Andrei understands the need to destroy such "Judas". During the demonstration on May 1, he is near Paul, who carries the banner, and they are arrested. During the trial, Andrew receives a word after Paul, but then he is deprived of the opportunity to speak. Friends together sentenced to exile in Siberia.

Nilovna

Vlasova Pelageya Nilovna is a heroine, the image of which symbolizes in the novel Russia. It involves "people's", universal perception of events. The dynamics of Nilovna's character is designed to reflect the changes in the psychology of the people. Her love for her son is transformed into a love of people in general. The idea of an active political struggle is combined in this character with the Christian meaning. The revolutionary movement is aware of it as a movement of "children." She, being a mother, can not sympathize with him, which marks M. Gorky ("Mother").

The summary of the participation in the novel of the main character is as follows. Nilovna at the beginning of the narrative is about 40 years old, but she is shown by an elderly woman, because she lived all her life in expectation of beating.

Her son Paul after the death of his husband wanted to live, "like a father." A woman persuades him not to do this. But the changes taking place in the son frighten her. Having seen Pavel's associates, Nilovna can not believe that these are "forbidden people." They do not seem terrible to the heroine at all. Nilovna suggests that Pavel take Andrew to the lodgers, in effect, becoming a mother for him. After friends were arrested, she feels a sense of loneliness, as she was used to communicating with young people.

Distribution of leaflets

His son's friends, two days after his arrest, are asked to help distribute leaflets at the factory. Realizing that he can thus suspend suspicions from Paul, she disguises the workers as forbidden literature in the guise of a merchant. When Nakhodka returns from prison, she tells him about this, admitting that she thinks only of her son, acts only from maternal love.

Summary of the novel Gorky "Mother" is the following further developments. Gradually, looking at those who come to visit Andrei, Nilovna mentally begins to connect all these faces in a face similar to Christ's face. She slowly realizes what is needed for a "new life". Learning that the informer Gorbov was killed, and Andrew indirectly involved in this, Nilovna said that she does not consider anyone guilty, although she is surprised at her words, contrary to the Christian spirit.

Rybin

During the May 1 demonstration, she addresses people and speaks of a "holy cause", calls not to leave children alone on this path. After the arrest of friends, Nilovna from the factory settlement moved to the city. After that, she goes to the village to establish some links on the distribution of literature. Here the heroine meets Rybin, a former neighbor who agitates the peasants, gives him books. Returning to the city, Nilovna begins to carry the forbidden literature, newspapers and proclamations through the villages. She participates in the funeral of Yegor Ivanovich, the revolutionary and her countryman. This funeral turns into a clash in the cemetery with the police. Nilovna takes the injured young man and takes care of him, as Gorky's "Mother" tells us.

The summary of further events is very dramatic. After returning to the village after a while, she watches the arrest of Rybin and is forced to give away the books brought to him, accidentally fell into the hands of a peasant, leading agitation among them. After visiting Paul in prison, the heroine sends a note with a plan for escape, but the son refuses to flee and writes about it in a response note. However, the underground workers managed to organize the escape of Rybin and another prisoner. Nilovna, at her request, was allowed to watch from outside for this escape.

The final

A woman is present during the trial of Paul and his friends, after which he delivers the text of Paul's speech to an underground printing press, is called to bring printed copies to the village. At the station she notices the surveillance. Realizing that the arrest can not be avoided, but not wanting the leaflets to disappear in vain, she throws them in the crowd. The woman beaten by the police speaks with warm words to those around her. The final of the work is not entirely clear. Perhaps Nilovna is dying. Thus ends the novel M. Gorky's "Mother." A summary of the main events was described above.

Pavel Vlasov

Vlasov Pavel Mikhailovich (Pavel) - the son of the main character, who became a professional revolutionary and a hereditary worker. His prototype was P. Zalomov, a Sormovo worker. The fate of this hero is connected with the symbol of the ransom sacrifice. In his name, one can see a hint of similarity with the image of the apostle, because at the beginning of the work there is a sharp change in the life of the hero from a simple factory guy turned into a political fighter, as described by M. Gorky ("Mother").

The summary of his further actions in all issues a revolutionary.

Pavel's revolutionary activity

His first decisive act was resistance to his father's beatings. My father, who worked as a locksmith, Mikhail Vlasov, subconscious social protest degenerates into aggressive behavior and drunkenness.

After his death, the hero tries to imitate him, but a meeting with an underground circle radically changes his external and internal appearance, which is marked by M. Gorky ("Mother").

The summary of the chapters of further events in the life of this character is as follows. In the house of Paul, meetings are starting to take place, in which Andrei Nakhodka, Nikolai Vesovshchikov, son of a thief, teacher Natasha, Feodor Sizov, a factory worker, and others participate. He immediately warns Nilovna that they are all facing prison. The severity and asceticism of Paul seem to the mother "monastic." For example, he calls to abandon Andrei's family and happiness for the sake of "business" and admits that he once made such a choice. In conversation with the mother, Nakhodka calls this hero "an iron man." Friends of Paul distribute leaflets at the factory. In his house, a search is being carried out, as Maxim Gorky ("Mother") tells us.

A brief summary of the following events is as follows. The next day after that, the revolutionary talks with the stoker Rybin, who came to visit. He says that it is necessary "to invent a new faith." Paul also believes that only the mind can liberate a person. During the conflict of workers with the factory administration (the so-called "marsh penny" story), the hero calls them to fight for rights, proposes to organize a strike. But people do not support him, Paul is experiencing it as a result of his "weakness".

He is arrested at night, but a few months later released. Friends are going to celebrate May 1, Paul intends during the demonstration to carry the banner. When this happens, he is arrested among the other leaders (only about 20 people). Thus ends the first part. After this, Paul appears only in the final chapters, in the judicial scene. Here he delivers a speech, setting out his Social-Democratic program. The court sentenced the hero to exile to Siberia. So ends participation in the events of this character, and then the very novel Gorky's "Mother." The summary of the work and its analysis were presented to your attention.