Management of circulating assets of the enterprise on the basis of a micrological model

A logistics system is a complex structured set of elements that are interrelated in a single process and have common business organization goals. The micrologistic system is the logistic management of the enterprise's circulating assets (OC) at the microlevel, i.е. At the enterprise level.

In its most general form, this control includes the following cycles:

1. Definition of the structure of the OS, their turnover and profitability, clarification of what the management of the company's current assets is ;
2. The following follows the logic of the financial cycle, which determines its duration and calculates and analyzes the structure of the OS for the financial cycle of this particular enterprise;
3. Inventory management (KM) and cost of finished goods (CGS);
4. Management of accounts receivable are actions for its control and analysis, conclusion of contracts, analysis of balance, calculation of collection.

In this article, we will consider the structure of the micro-logistics management system, consisting of subsystems for managing the material and monetary reserves of the enterprise. The planning mechanism on which the management of the company's working capital is built, material and monetary reserves based on the principles of logistics allows to optimize the use of reserves and the concomitant change in the stock of financial resources over time.

The main parameters of inventory management of enterprise resources such as finished goods and work in process when applying a strategy with a fixed production lot are the volume of the production order and the production order point. At the entrance of the managed micrologistic subsystem, suppliers receive material resources that are stored in the warehouse. Then they enter production at the first production stage and are transformed into an uncompleted production with a certain intensity. Unfinished production enters the second production stage and is converted to an uncompleted production with a different, higher intensity, etc. After the end of the last production stage, the output is finished products, arriving at the warehouse of the enterprise. From here it is shipped to the consumer.

In this model, the management of working capital of the enterprise and the regulation of the level of the stock of production in the warehouse is carried out as follows. From the consumer comes the demand for a batch of finished products. Stock in the warehouse is controlled only in the period of demand for it. Then the current stock in the warehouse, minus the demand for finished products, is compared with the production order point. If the quantity of finished goods necessary for the consumer is available in the warehouse, then it is immediately shipped to the consumer in the required volume, while the time of execution of the order by the manufacturer is minimal. In the event that the required quantity of finished goods is not available in the warehouse, then immediate shipment does not occur, and consumer demand is delayed. At the same time an order is placed for the production of finished products in the required volume. From the moment demand comes from the consumer to the moment of shipment, the current stock in the warehouse is checked daily.

After a certain time (the time of manufacturing the first unit of production), after the production process is resumed, the finished product enters the warehouse with the indicated intensity, and its stock begins to be replenished. Over time, the stock is replenished to the required level and then shipment of the finished product takes place at the optimum time.

In the same way, the company's working capital is managed in the sphere of regulation of the level of stock of unfinished production in the warehouse. Every day the work in progress is controlled here. Then the current stock in the warehouse is compared with the production order point. In the event that the first indicator is greater than the second, no action is taken to regulate the stock level of the work in process. If the order was not submitted, then an order is placed for the production of a part of the uncompleted production in the required volume. After a while after the production process is resumed, the work in progress begins to arrive at a given intensity with a fixed intensity and the stock of unfinished production begins to be replenished.

Such methods of management of circulating assets can be applied also at regulation of level of a stock of material resources in a warehouse. Once again, there is no need to describe such an algorithm, it is similar to the one already described.

It should be taken into account in the implementation of this management model that, as external influences on the management object, there is demand for the lot and the terms of the order.