Maksim Gorky. Chronological table of life and creativity

Theme "M. Bitter. Chronological table of life and creativity »occupies an important place in the school course of literature. The writer is one of the most outstanding representatives of the new romantic trend of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, he was the founder of socialist realism in Soviet literature. His biography is no less interesting than his works: it is full of hardships, labor, struggles, through which the author passed during his difficult life.

Childhood and youth

One of the most prominent Russian and Soviet writers is Gorky. The chronological table, devoted to his biography, should include the main, most important stages of his life, the first of which are his childhood and adolescence. The future famous writer was born in Nizhny Novgorod in 1868. He was an early orphan and was brought up by a strict grandfather. Because of the constant need, the boy could not finish the local school. He was forced to work constantly to earn his living. In the 1880s he lived in Kazan, where he tried unsuccessfully to enter the university; Here he became friends with the Narodniks and even was arrested.

Beginning of creativity

Gorky, whose chronological biography is the subject of this review, experienced many difficulties and hardships before becoming famous as a writer. The 1890s were a new stage in his life. It was in this decade that he went on a journey around the country, visited the south, began to work with the clerk. But most importantly, what exactly is his first literary experience at that time: he writes his stories, is published not only in the newspapers of his native city, but also in neighboring areas. He gets acquainted with Tolstoy and Chekhov, his books are attracted by readers and critics.

Dramaturgy

A prominent playwright of the early 20th century was Gorky. The chronological table of his life should include this new stage in his work. In the 1900s he tried his hand at writing plays that brought him not only all-Russian, but also European fame ("Mieschans", "At the bottom"). These works are put in the leading theaters, a young and talented playwright has been talked about as a new outstanding author of modern times.

The table below shows the main milestones of M. Gorky's life.

Emigration

From 1906 to 1913, the writer lived in exile. However, he showed a keen interest in the events taking place in the country, and even before his departure he became a member of the workers' party. Abroad, he writes a novel that laid the foundation for socialist realism in literature. Especially famous for his autobiographical works Maxim Gorky. The chronological table should also reflect this new stage in his work. The author writes a trilogy about his childhood, adolescence and adulthood, reproducing in artistic form all that he had to endure during the years of wandering, deprivation and combating poverty.

Return

The writer took the October revolution ambiguously. On the one hand, he was an ally of the Bolsheviks, but he was critical of their policy toward the intelligentsia. He engaged in public activities and thanks to his efforts and efforts, many scientists and writers avoided poverty and starvation. Maxim Gorky, whose chronological life table is presented in the article, went abroad in the 1920s under the pretext of treatment, but in reality because of ideological disagreements with the party. He lived in different cities of Europe, until the Soviet government invited him to return to the country.

last years of life

The chronological table of Gorky's life should include the final stage of his work. In the 1930s, he returned to the USSR, began to work actively, contributed to the consolidation of writers of the socialist direction. On his initiative, their first congress was held, at which this new literary current was proclaimed mainstream and the only correct one. The writer died in 1936. This event completes the chronological table. Bitter life and work in it are reflected in a brief form for the convenience of memorization.