Love lyrics Tyutchev. Tyutchev's lyrics. Poems

Almost nobody knows the face of the young Fedor Tyutchev. On portraits he is depicted already on the slope of years with serious sad eyes, gray, rare hair, a high forehead, long fingers, dry lips. So, in fact, Tyutchev and came to poetry - serious and mature. His debut is considered to be the publication of 24 works in the 3rd and 4th books of Sovremennik in 1836.

What were the main motives Tyutchev's lyrics? What was the place of feelings in his work? As the most vivid example of expressing the feelings and experiences of the hero in poetry, the article will cite the Denisyevsky cycle. It is in the works included in it, the most vividly and accurately conveyed features of Tyutchev's lyrics.

First wife

Tyutchev left Russia at the age of nineteen, after leaving for Munich. There he met Emilia-Eleonora Botmer. In 1826, he married, becoming subsequently the father of three daughters. By the end of 1837 Tyutchev was appointed senior secretary in Turin. Before that, he and his family visited Russia. From there Tyutchev went to a new job alone, and left his wife and children in the care of relatives. At first he wanted to settle in a new place. Eleanor and her daughters set sail on a steamer from St. Petersburg. Near the coast of Prussia, a sudden fire began on board. The ship drowned. Eleanor behaved heroically - she saved the children. However, all the property of the family went to the bottom. Soon after the shock, Tyutchev's wife fell seriously ill. She died at the end of August 1838. The loss for Fedor Ivanovich was a great grief. Here it suffices to say that he completely turned gray at the age of 35.

Feelings in the work of the poet

Adherents of "pure art" are distinguished by high culture, admiration for the perfection of samples of classical music, sculpture, painting. They are characterized by a romantic aspiration for the ideal of beauty, a desire to join the sublime, "other" world. Carrying out an analysis of Tyutchev's lyrics, one can see how his artistic worldview was reflected in his work. His works are imbued with a powerful drama, a tragic sound. This is all due to the experiences that Tyutchev experienced in his life. Poems about love were born out of suffering, genuine pain, feelings of remorse and guilt, irreparable loss.

"The Denisyevsky cycle"

The works that were included in it, reveal all the peculiarity of Tyutchev's lyrics. They are considered the highest achievement of Romanticism in his work. The works are dedicated to the feeling that the poet experienced in the declining years of Elena Denisyeva. Their novel lasted fourteen years. He ended with the death of Elena Alexandrovna from consumption. In the eyes of secular society, their relationship was shameful, "lawless." Therefore, after the death of Denisieva, the poet continued to blame himself for causing suffering to his beloved woman, and was unable to protect her from the human trial. Very clearly shows the profound experiences of Tyutchev's poem "Last Love":

Oh, how on the slope of our years
Tender we love more superstitiously ...
Shine, shine, farewell light
Love last, dawn of the evening!

The strength with which the lines affect the reader is based on the artlessness and sincerity of the expression of the deeply felt thought of the transience of the unique huge happiness that, unfortunately, has gone, irrevocably. Love in Tyutchev's lyrics looks like a supreme gift, a mystery. It is beyond control, bizarre, exciting. Thwarting in the depths of the soul, a vague attraction suddenly bursts with explosive passion. Self-sacrifice and tenderness can suddenly turn into a "fatal duel." The death of a beloved woman took away wishes, dreams. The colors of life, before bright, faded instantly. All this is accurately conveyed in comparison, which Tyutchev uses. Poems about love, where a person is likened to a bird with broken wings, convey a sense of shock from a grave loss, impotence and devastation.

Who was Elena Denisyev for the poet?

About this woman - the last, secret, painful and passionate love Tyutchev - almost nothing is known. And with it a lot is known. Elena Denisyeva was the addressee of more than fifteen works, which Tyutchev wrote. Poems about love, dedicated to this woman, were truly masterpieces, one of the most precious in Russian classical poetry of the 19th century. Such a quantity of works is very much for a selflessly loved woman. But this is too little for the heart that has torn itself up with feelings. In life, Elena Aleksandrovna was a victim of love, and after her death, Tiutchev himself became a victim. Maybe he gave her too little emotion, but without it, her fervor and tenderness, he could not live.

The poet's attitude to feelings

Tyutchev himself had a great need for love. Without her, there is no life, he was sure of it. But his need was not so much to love as to be loved yourself. In the work he wrote in the 30th year ("This day, I remember ..."), a new world opened for the poet. A completely new life began for him. But this happened not because he began to love, but because he felt loved. This is confirmed by his lines:

"Love is a Golden Recognition
It was wiped out of her breast ... "

The world was transformed at the moment when the poet learned that he loved. With this experience of feelings, it becomes more understandable that the dissatisfaction of those who were affectionate with him is close to him. For him, there was faithfulness, but he did not exclude treason (just as treason did not reject loyalty). The theme of love in Tyutchev's lyrics is connected with drama, incorrect fidelity, ardor and depth of feelings. They all went through the life of the poet, having found reflection in his work.

The crisis of perception of feelings

In his bitter confession to Georgievsky Tyutchev says that, despite the high poetic nature of Elena Aleksandrovna, she did not pose poetry in pennies at all, and his own in particular. Only those works Denisyev perceived with delight, in which the poet expressed his feelings for her, spoke about them in public and publicly. This, in his opinion, was valuable to her - that he knew the whole world, what it was for him. In a letter to Georgievsky Tyutchev tells a case that happened on a walk. Denisieva expressed a desire that the poet seriously began to engage in the secondary edition of his works, while confessing that it would be encouraging to see her name at the head of the publication. But instead of adoring, love and gratitude, the poet expressed disagreement, understanding under her desire some disapproval. It seemed to him that this requirement was not entirely magnanimous on her part, since knowing all the degree of belonging (Elena Alexandrovna said "You are my own", referring to the poet), she did not need to desire any more confirmations in the form of printed statements that Could offend other people.

Death of Denisyevoy

The poet's relationship with Elena Aleksandrovna lasted fourteen years. By the end of this period Denisieva was ill. There were letters she wrote to her sister. In them she called Fedor Ivanovich "my God". They say that in the last summer of her life the daughter of Denisyeva, Lelya, almost every evening went with the poet to go to the islands, they returned late. Elena Aleksandrovna rejoiced and was sad, for she was alone in a stuffy room, or her company was shared by some compassionate lady who wished to visit her. That summer the poet was especially eager for abroad. Petersburg was burdened by it - it follows from correspondence with the second wife. But there, abroad, he was struck by that blow, and the poet could not recover from him until his death. Two months after the death of Denisyeva Tiutchev wrote to Georgievsky that only during the life of Elena Aleksandrovna he was a person, only for her and only in her love realized himself.

Life of the poet after the death of Elena Alexandrovna

Denisieva died in 1864, on the 4th of August. In early October, in a letter to Georgievsky, Tyutchev wrote about the immense feeling of "hunger in the hungry." He did not live, the wound did not heal. He felt like a painful nonentity, senselessly living. This reflects the love lyrics of Tyutchev. The verses illustrate the whole struggle that took place in him after the loss. It should be noted, however, that a week after the letter to Georgievsky, the poet wrote lines dedicated to Akinfiyeva. But this work can only testify to the need in society, especially the women, which, in fact, never left Fyodor Ivanovich. Despite this outward sociability, tenderness and talkativeness, there was a gap in the emptiness. After the death of Denisyeva Tyutchev's love lyrics reflected the deadness of his soul, dull melancholy and the inability to realize himself. But at the same time, the power of Denisyev's feelings was contrasted with living suffering, inability to feel. All this found expression in the lines about his "suffering stagnation".

At the end of June, Tyutchev confesses in a letter to Georgievsky that he did not have a single day without astonishment at how a person can continue his life, even though he "was torn out of his heart and chopped off his head." Fifteen years have passed since the death of Denisyeva. That summer, he commemorated the two death anniversaries with his mournful lines. In St. Petersburg on July 15 he wrote "Today, a friend, fifteen years have passed ...". On August 3, he writes in Ostwig about the severity of his burden, about memory, about the fateful day.

Grief in the poet's works

Tyutchev was getting harder every day. His relatives noted the irritability of the poet: he wanted to be more sympathetic to him. In another letter, he talks about the shakiness of nerves, about the inability to hold a pen in his hand. After a while, the poet writes about how pitiful and mean a man is in his ability to survive all. But six months later, in verses to Bludova, he would write that "to survive - does not mean to live." Later in his lines he will talk about the torments his soul experiences.

The death of the poet

Tyutchev was burdened by the thought of traveling abroad. He said that there it is even worse, this emptiness is even more distinctly felt. His second wife, he wrote that he noticed that it was becoming more unbearable; His irritation is aggravated by that fatigue that he feels after all attempts to entertain himself somehow. Years passed. Over time, Elena Alexandrovna's name disappears from the correspondence. It remained for Tyutchev to live very short. The poet died in 1873, in July.

Tyutchev's love lyrics in the last years of his life was not so full of feelings. In the lines he dedicated to different women (in letters to Elena Uslar-Bogdanova, half-joking works to the Grand Duchess, madrigals to Akinfyeva-Gorchakova), only "light", flashes and shadows, light breathing of the last strong and deep feeling of the poet to Elena Denisyevoy. All his poems were then only an attempt to fill the heart emptiness that formed after the departure of a beloved woman.

"Denisyevsky cycle" - a miraculous monument to a woman

Elena Alexandrovna inspired the poet for fourteen years. It is difficult now to judge the depth of the feelings of Tyutchev and Denisyeva to each other. Their relationship was somewhat strange, for many incomprehensible. But this love was in the life of the poet. Especially difficult was Elena Aleksandrovna - in such cases, as a rule, the light justified a man, and accused the woman. Despite all the hardships of life, complexity, some sacrifice, excruciatingness, everything that reflected Tyutchev's love poetry (verses), is permeated with tenderness, a trembling adoration of each other. The works of this period have become a truly poetic masterpiece of world literature.

The main motifs of lyrics Tyutchev and Turgenev. Brief Comparative Characteristics

Tyutchev's lyrics are manifested in the fact that the feeling for him was both bliss, and hopelessness, and tension, which brings happiness and suffering to man. And all this drama is revealed in the lines dedicated to Denisyeva. Refusing a narrow subjective consideration of a beloved woman, he seeks to objectively disclose her personality, her inner world. The poet concentrates on describing his experiences through penetration into the spirituality of a close woman. Describing the external manifestations of feelings, he reveals her inner world.

The psychological store favorite in the "Denisyevsky cycle" is similar to the Turgenev heroines. Both Turgenev and Tyutchev feel "a fatal match". But at the same time the historical and social conditionality of the person in the sphere of feelings is present. Psychological situations reflected in the works of Turgenev, showed a real picture of the relationship between people 50-60-ies., Emerged in the forefront of the understanding of responsibility for women's fate.

In his reflections on the proportion of women, their character, Tyutchev is close to Turgenev. So, the beloved in the "Denisyevsky cycle" reminds the heroine of the story "Three Encounters". The emotional state of a woman in the works of Fedor Ivanovich reflects not only the universal, but also the personal experience of the noble hero of the 50s, illustrated in the narratives of that period in the works of Ostrovsky, Goncharov, Turgenev. The hero's inferiority can be traced in woeful self-criticism. In some cases, the textual convergence of Tyutchev's lines with Turgenev's works, where love sufferings are expressed, is evident.

Conclusion

Fedor Iuanovich Tiutchev highly appreciated the power of feeling in a woman. This was the main thing for him. His chosen one in verse appeared as a true heroine of love. The poet leaves behind her the right to feel, to fight for him. In her love, the heroine reveals herself, her best qualities and possibilities. The very feeling is revealed by the poet both as a person's inner strength, and as the very relation that arose between people, but which is subject to social influence.

Tyutchev's characters are people who are not divorced from life, but ordinary, strong and at the same time weak, but unable to unravel the tangle of contradictions. Tyutchev's love lyrics are among the best works of Russian poetic literature. In his works striking inexhaustible wealth of the Russian language. Together with this distinguishes Tiutchev his exacting attitude to poetic skill.

Tolstoy, speaking of the poet, recognizes his artistic talent, his sensitive attitude to the Museum. He encouraged young writers to learn this ability to harmoniously combine form and content. The themes of Tiutchev's lyrics were saturated with more and more images and concreteness over time. Not passed without a trace for the poet and the experience of Russian realism. Ending the era of romanticism, Tyutchev with his poems goes far beyond its boundaries. The work of the poet becomes a kind of forerunner of the beginning of the artistic trend that arose at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.