Laser cutting on wood: the basis of processing

Accurate laser cutting on wood surpasses expectations of owners of machine tools. Original drawings of valuable material attract customers. Manufacturers prefer radiation treatment due to the lack of waste and non-burning edges of blanks. The technology does not require a constant change of an expensive tool.

Positive selection criteria

Laser cutting on wood is used for obtaining aesthetic patterns on details. The place of cutting is exposed to thermal impact. A solid edge is formed, which does not require additional protection. This allows you to cut thin materials into fragments of less than 0.6 mm.

Let's highlight the main advantages of a laser cutting machine:

• Quality of the drawing due to high precision of processing. The deviation from the separation lines is not more than 0.2 mm. The seam is almost imperceptible. So, the masters achieve precise contours of small details of a pattern.
• The absence of waste simplifies the conduct of technological operations. Hence the rational use of the material.
• Saving money consists of two factors: no marriage, no purchase of the tool.
• Conversion to another size does not take time. Parameters are loaded in advance into the controller memory.
• The power consumption is reduced due to the exclusion of strong motors from the design.
• The laser cutting machine is capable of multitasking. In addition to the cutting of the blanks, engraving is applied, and also it is used for the processing of other materials: metals, plastics.

Device Installation

The dimensions of the machine vary depending on the dimensions of the initial workpieces. The clamping table of sheet materials can be of the belt type. Laser cutting of wood is carried out with a CO ₂ device. The gas method requires air blasting of the treatment zone.

Moving of the cutting part takes place along the guides of the lightweight construction. Due to the lack of clamping of the tool to the workpiece, the machine is not exacting to the rigidity of the installation. The laser is built on the effect of crossing rays. The central point has the most powerful energy. Therefore, thick parts are cut with an uneven seam. Distortions form a semicircular shape.

disadvantages

Laser cutting on wood with all advantages has negative moments:

• At the site of the beam is the result of heat treatment, as it burns the tree.
• The limited thickness of blanks for a quality weld is not more than 20 mm.
• If the operator is inexperienced, there is a possibility of ignition of the workpiece.
• An air cooling unit is required.
• The creation of three-dimensional models requires the training of operators. However, for ease of operation, the conversion of graphic images into machine codes occurs automatically.

The surface of the pattern of metal products becomes dense, hardening occurs. This introduces difficulties in other treatments, for example, drilling. Some materials are poorly processed by laser. These include plywood with impregnation. Transparent materials distort the perpendicularity of the beam, which leads to violation of the seam boundary.

Recommendations for selection

If laser cutting of wood is required, the price of machines differs from analogues of the contact principle of action. Their cost starts from 80 thousand rubles. And the price of the procedure itself depends on the thickness of the workpiece and the length of the laser cut (from 30 rubles per p / m). The first criterion for analyzing the model is the power of the beam. The thickness of the cut pieces depends on it.

The working stroke of the axes is selected according to the dimensions of the resulting pattern. The dimensions of the table depend on the length and width of the workpiece. For the material cutting, portable single-axis systems can be used.

The electronic control system is selected according to the parameter - the resolution or the discreteness of the displacement of the cutting part. The quality of the engraving of the parts depends on it.