Kober Alexander Pavlovich, pioneer-hero: biography, feat, memory

Until June 1941, these were the most ordinary boys, who strictly observed the laws of pioneers. Learning, helping adults, playing games and communicating with peers - that's what was the basis of their lives. And when the Nazi invaders came to the Soviet land, the fire of sacred love for the Motherland immediately broke out in their children's hearts and at the cost of their own lives the pioneers rose to defend it. On the fragile shoulders of young boys and girls suddenly fell tremendous tests in the form of a whole arsenal of adversities, disasters, deprivations. But they did not break them, but only made them more enduring, stronger and more purposeful. Valya Kotik, Zina Portnova, Vitya Korobkov, Vladimir Shcherbatsevich - this is only a small part of those who, on an equal basis with adults, were not afraid to rebuff the enemy. And of course, we can not fail to note the feat done by Shura Kober and Vitya Khomenko. Their biographies are like two drops of water.

Both of them were brought up in an incomplete family, lost their normal childhood, were in an underground organization, and even perished in one day. What is known about these teenagers, on which almost every pioneer was equal? Let's consider this issue in more detail.

Shura

Kober Alexander Pavlovich was born in the city of Nikolaev (Ukraine) on November 5, 1926. Territorially, he lived in a working suburb. His father, the future pioneer hero almost did not know, because he lost his life before the Great Patriotic War (during the testing of a warship on the Black Sea). Since childhood, Shura has shown an interest in reading. His favorite books were "The Adventures of Captain Hatteras", "Suvorov", "Gadfly". In addition to literature, Kober Alexander Pavlovich was fond of playing the violin and even attended a music school.

An occupation

Carefree and bright childhood for Shura ended in August 1941. The Germans captured Nikolayev. Almost all public institutions ceased to function, including kindergartens and schools.

The fascists allowed only two cinemas and the theater "Hermitage" to function. Already in the first days of the occupation, Kober Alexander Pavlovich rose to defend his hometown, but his struggle with the enemy was of a classified nature, and he did not immediately become a member of the underground organization. He managed to rally around him a small team of guys and began to prevent the Germans from realizing their heinous plans.

So, one day the future pioneer-hero damaged the communication cable, which stretched towards the military airfield. The teenager secretly managed to collect and disguise a certain arsenal of weapons, including ammunition, grenades and rifles. Often Kober Alexander Pavlovich supplied food to the townspeople whom the Germans made prisoners of the created concentration camp "Shpalag-364".

Underground

Attempts of a secret struggle against Hitler's troops did not go unnoticed by Anna Simanovich and Claudia Krivda. It was with the help of these people that the teenager became a member of the underground organization "Nikolayev Center". After some time, Shura already performed responsible assignments, namely: he fixed the location of the fascist units, followed the location of military facilities and reported all potential emergency situations. This is all, if briefly about Shura Kober. But the feat, which he accomplished together with Vitya Khomenko, should always be stated in all details and details.

Vitya

Naturally, we should dwell on the biography of like-minded Alexander Kober.

Vitya Khomenko was born on September 12, 1926 in the Ukrainian Kremenchug. The boy also lost his father early, who fought on the side of the Reds during the Civil War. Viti's childhood was not easy: the mother alone had to raise him and two sisters. The boy learned early what work was, and he had little time to play with his peers. He became a real support for the mother and always helped her in the management of the household. At school the pioneer was distinguished by diligence, diligence and discipline. Since childhood, Vitya dreamed of seafaring and at any convenient moment loved to swim. When the summer vacation period came, the teenager ran to the river to dive.

War

Vitya learned of the invasion of the German invaders, when he was in a pioneer camp near Nikolayev. Soon he returned home (to Nikolaev) and began to ponder over how to oppose foreign invaders. The boy began to spend more time on the street, returning to his native penates, when it was already getting dark.

Naturally, the mother wondered where her son was disappearing for days on end. As it turned out, he, like Shura Kober (the pioneer hero), began a secret struggle against the fascists. What did Vitya do? He tracked city posters and imperceptibly from everyone tore up the printed orders of the Germans. In addition, the teenager made a homemade radio receiver and in one of the cellars of the apartment house, along with friends listened to the voice of Yuri Levitan, who broadcast the latest news from the capital of the USSR. Then the boys wrote them down on paper and secretly let them read to the townspeople and the inhabitants of the surrounding villages.

Access to German documents

After a while, Vitya Khomenko decides to squeeze deeper into the enemy environment. He arranged to work for the Hitlerites as an assistant in the kitchen of the field hospital. While still in school, the pioneer demonstrated good knowledge of the German language to teachers, and this circumstance, along with such qualities as skill and diligence, will play into his hands: Victor quickly gained the confidence of the fascists. As a result, a teenager is not prevented from communicating with wounded German soldiers who are not silent about the fact that they do not want to be killed for the sake of fulfilling the odious and unrealistic ideas of the Fuhrer. Do not hide the soldiers of the Reich from the pioneer and the names of the generals and officers whose orders they execute.

Vitya Khomenko does not miss the slightest detail expressed by the Fritz. He spends a lot of time in the German dining room "Ost", where from time to time receives from the fascists the task: to deliver to a particular address this or that packet of secret documents. For the underground organization "Nikolaev Center", this information was invaluable, and, naturally, Victor conveyed the contents of the papers received from the Germans to his commanders.

Once the Hitlerites handed him very important documents, which were of paramount importance. In fact, it was a scheme for the advance of the fascist troops to the Caucasus. But to pass secret documents to the commanders of the Russian army in Moscow by remote means was not possible: the walkie-talk broke ... Besides, the underground had a reserve of paper products, medicines and weapons. It was decided to deliver a secret package of documents to the capital, entrusting this responsible and risky business to two young but experienced underground workers.

Way to Moscow

They were Vitya Khomenko and Shura Kober. But how to leave the city and not cause suspicion from the Germans? They were able to lull the vigilance of the Germans, saying that they were going to the village to exchange basic necessities for bread.

When it was just dawn, the boys left the safe house. Shura Kober, whose biography for the modern young generation is little known, hid a secret report in a homemade bamboo stick. The way to the capital was difficult and dangerous. At first, the pioneers sailed along the river Kuban in a boat, and after it sank, they had to swim to the shore to swim. After they found a place where the detachment of the Red Army was stationed, the commanders of which prompted Alexander and Victor the way to the headquarters of the Transcaucasian Front. At the end of August 1942 the underground on a military aircraft from the Georgian capital went to Moscow. After they handed over the secret package of documents to their destination. The task was completed.

Road back

Soon it was necessary to return to Nikolaev. The pioneers and the radio operator Lydia Britkin were decided to be delivered by plane. All three of them were evacuated from the aircraft by parachute, when the aircraft reached the territory of the Nikolayev region. In addition to the radio operator and underground workers, parachutes were dropped from the aircraft with a valuable cargo: weapons, cartridges, a device for printing propaganda materials, and a radio transmitter. One such parachute landed not where it should be. Successfully catapulted in the vicinity of the village of Sebino (Novoodessky district) Vitya, Alexander and Lida later learned that the parachute "x" was found by the Germans. The underground decided to act as follows: Khomenko will go to Nikolaev, and Lida and Shura Kober (the pioneer hero) will remain in place to find out how the events will develop further.

Khomenko reached the route New Odessa - Nikolaev, and to meet him caught a car in the cabin of which sat the Germans. Without loosing self-control, the teenager raised his hand. The Germans were discouraged by this behavior, but still stopped. But Khomenko was a good connoisseur of the German language, and bribed the enemy. Fritzs suggested that Vitya should bring him, and so the underground was in Nikolayev. Soon he was already at the Nikolayev Center. Shura Koberga after a while also managed to safely get to the house.

Arrest of Vitya

But there was a problem with the final transportation of a valuable cargo. Help in its delivery agreed to the communist Vsevolod Bondarenko, who, along with Khomenko, went on to carry out the assignment.

In order not to cause suspicion, Bondarenko rolled a wheelbarrow laden with a whole pile of worn-out clothes, while Vitya walked next to him. To the destination was very little, when the way to the underground was blocked by a German patrol. Khomenko and his fellow traveler were arrested.

Arrest of Shura

Soon another member of the anti-fascist underground was arrested. On one of the November nights of 1942, the fascists drove up to the house where Shura Kober lived. In a few minutes the Germans drove the pioneer out of the dwelling and forcefully pushed him into the car. Then he was in the prison cell. And the next day, Alexander met there with his comrade Vitya Khomenko. As it turned out, the Germans went to the underground organization by introducing their own person into it. And after some time the provocateur gave out members of the "Mykolayiv Center". The next days the pioneers are subjected to severe torture and bloody torture: the Germans want to at all costs to find out how the underground workers managed to pass a secret report to Moscow. But the teens did not say a word to the enemy. The massacre of the pioneers proved brutal.

Execution

They and 10 other underground workers were executed on December 5, 1942. In the Piazza Square, the Germans installed the gallows, and the executioners carried out their bloody mission. Shura and Vitya died as heroes. Pioneers after several years for their exploit were awarded the Order of the Patriotic War I degree. In the autumn of 1959, a monument to Shura Kober and Vite Khomenko was erected in Pionersky Square in Nikolaev.