Impact Crusher: Functions and Varieties

Both in construction and in many other industries, special grinders are used to grind various materials and obtain the necessary fractions. They come in different models that are designed for a certain type of work. Depending on the type of mechanism of crushing devices are conical, rod, hammer, jaw, roller and rotary.

What is a rotor crusher?

Impact crusher is an impact unit intended for crushing materials of non-abrasive and medium strength rock. The industry produces models for large, medium and fine grinding, structurally differing in the size of the rotors and the number of reflective plates. All of them provide high quality crushing.

The most popular type is a rotary SMD crusher (stationary crushing machine), which consists of a frame, a rotor, a body, reflective plates, beats and a mechanism for adjusting the gap between the plate and the beams. Its special feature is a special recirculation device, which allows you to eventually obtain fractions of the material of the required shapes and sizes.

It differs from other types in that the devices with which crushing occurs are rigidly fixed on the rotor. Used for primary and secondary crushing of iron ore, basalt, dolomite, coal, marble and other materials. Impact crusher has high economic and technological characteristics, which provides them with popularity.

There are also mobile (on wheels) rotor crushers, which are designed to work in difficult conditions. When using them, there is no need to transport the material, as they work directly in the processing area. Impact crusher mobile has high productivity and has excellent performance in the crushing of heavy rocks. It is used in the chemical and metallurgical industries, in various industries in the manufacture of building materials.

Classification

Rotary crushers are classified according to the device of the unit on:

• Unreversible single-rotor crushers with or without grating;
• Reversible one-rotor;
• Two-rotor with or without grate.

Principle of operation

An easy-to-use rotor crusher, the operating principle of which is simple, performs crushing as follows. The beams fixed on the rotor rotate in a circle at a high speed, destroying the material in the crushing chamber. It strikes against the walls and breaks up into smaller pieces. The grinding level can be adjusted by the speed of the rotor or by the necessary clearance set between the reflector plate and the beats.

Primary crushing of the material is carried out under certain conditions. The moisture content of the rock should not be higher than 9-10%, and the content of quartz sand in it - 10%. The rotor crusher can be used in various stages of crushing even before the material is completely ground.

Advantages and disadvantages

The impact crusher has convenient, small external parameters. It has high performance and stability. Maintenance of these machines is not difficult, because their design is simple and reliable. For a long service life and efficiency of the crusher, all working units and spare parts are made of high quality materials.

Due to the performance characteristics, the units can be used simultaneously for several stages of work. This allows you to increase productivity and save considerable time. The process of material crushing occurs evenly, which ensures obtaining the same size fraction of each shredded piece.

In addition to the advantages, crushers of this type also have disadvantages. One of the main disadvantages is the inability to crush abrasive and hard materials. When grinding such rocks, the beams and plates quickly become unusable, and the process of replacing them is complex and expensive.

Applications

A rotary crusher is used in mining, electrical, metallurgical, chemical industries, and construction. Especially popular is a crushing machine of this type in road construction for crushed stone production, utilization of construction debris at sites. Demanded rotor crushers due to simple design, high productivity, ease of operation and energy efficiency.