How to choose an electric heating boiler and how to install it yourself?

The electric boiler for home heating is the most optimal alternative to gas equipment. With its installation, relatively low requirements are associated, which allow mounting even in multi-unit buildings. With such a choice, the person faces the important question: "How to choose an electric heating boiler, and also how to install it in the future?"

Basic moments

First of all, it is worth paying attention to several basic characteristics, in particular: the number of circuits, the power, the type of heating of the heat carrier, the ways of interface with the electrical network. With the help of these criteria, it is possible to fairly accurately determine the appropriate model of the device, which will best meet the needs of the owners and the technical parameters of their homes.

Boiler circuits

If we talk about how to choose an electric heating boiler, then the first important criterion is the number of circuits. From this parameter, the goals for which the equipment is intended will also depend. Two-circuit units have the ability to produce simultaneous heating of water and coolant. Using such equipment eliminates the need to install speakers, boilers and other equipment. Choosing water heating boilers electrical, you should pay attention to some points. The main principle here is the principle of water heating. There are such models that are able to produce heating water for household needs through a flow. These devices are distinguished by their economical and advantageous installation in private houses. The water temperature here largely depends on a number of factors: water pressure, heating time, the number of open taps and others. The optimal solution is to install electric heating boilers of electric type. After heating, water enters a special reservoir, surrounded by a layer of thermal insulation. In this situation, the equipment operates on the principle of a traditional boiler, allowing access to hot water constantly.

A heating element

Two-circuit boilers for heating and hot water can belong to the inverter or electrode type, and also to heat the coolant by means of a fan. Depending on which heating element is selected in a particular model, the efficiency of the equipment during operation, as well as its cost and other performance characteristics, will depend.

At what speed does water heat up?

The cumulative type equipment assumes that the water heating time is directly dependent on the total volume of the tank that is installed there. It turns out that it takes approximately 20 minutes to heat a tank of 40 liters. When choosing a flow-through heating boiler, it all depends on what capacity it is characterized, that is, what is the rate of heating the water in it. For a family of small size it is enough to produce 6-8 liters per minute.

Variants of execution of hot water heating boilers can be two: wall or floor. Some models, the power of which is not so high, there is an opportunity to connect to a normal power supply network.

Single-circuit boilers

The heating system of an electric boiler can contain a single-circuit device. In comparison with dual-circuit units, these devices are not oriented to the preparation of hot water, so the main selection criteria differ here. Boilers with one circuit can be connected to the electrical network by an ordinary one, that is, single-phase, and three-phase. For the latter, a special permit will be required to increase energy consumption and to house a separate branch. If you install a three-phase electric heating boiler, the reviews in this case indicate the need to spend 500-800 dollars for the registration of all permits.

Domestic low-power appliances use the teens for electric boilers in their work, and higher-power equipment can use an induction coil or special electrodes. In some types of heating equipment, it is not possible to use ordinary water as a working fluid. If you heat the house with an electric boiler, the reviews say that in this case it is preferable to use antifreeze with special characteristics. Typically, single-circuit units are fully equipped, so they do not require the installation of any additional equipment. More convenience is provided when buying a model that can be controlled remotely. The power of single-circuit boilers is traditionally more than two-circuit boilers, since there is no need to spend electrical energy on heating water.

Flowing equipment

If we continue to consider the question of how to choose an electric heating boiler, then we need to consider one more option, namely, flow type equipment. In this case, heating of the coolant is carried out by passing the coolant through a special container, where the heating element is located. Such boilers are equipped with an automatic system that prevents overheating of the coolant, if the circulation is turned off or the system is air-blown. In this case, the answer to the question of how to choose an electric heating boiler will be the optimal ratio for such parameters as:

- Automation, which is built-in or hinged. The first option is aimed at use in wall versions, and the second one is in floor equipment.

- Functionality. The choice of the unit must necessarily be made taking into account the possibilities of its installation with cascade connection scheme, equipping with thermostats, and also the possibilities for using the device-programmer.

- Equipment. The standard kit involves the use of a boiler with a pump and expansion tank, and all additional equipment is replaced by individual requests of the owners.

- Power. The optimal formula for calculating the required capacity is the following: there should be a reserve of at least 10% of the required capacity if the boiler model has two circuits.

To all models of flow boilers, several general requirements apply: power, the method of connection to the electrical network, the type of heating of the heat carrier, and the number of circuits. These criteria have the most significant influence on their choice.

Power characteristic

Understanding the question of how to choose an electric heating boiler, it is necessary to determine its power. For this purpose, the area of the room serves as a guide. It is not so difficult to do such calculations correctly. For these purposes, there are special calculators that are located on the websites of stores that sell this type of equipment. This will take into account not only the area, but also the height of ceilings, the number of window and door openings, forced and natural ventilation, the thermal insulation properties of the walls, and the region of residence. Another option is to use the instructions. For the convenience of consumers, most electric boilers produce two coefficients. One of them is a characteristic of the amount of heat energy received , and the second one - of the total heated area. These parameters will be enough to select the electric heating boiler, whose reviews will seem to you the most attractive. It is quite possible and independently calculate, using a fairly simple formula:

W = S * and W ud. / 10 m², where S indicates the total area of the room, and W ud. - the specific power, the value of which depends on the region of residence.

Another requirement is the addition of another 10% for DHW, if it is a dual-circuit boiler.

Single phase equipment

In this category, it is possible to distinguish heating boilers operating from 220V. Their connection is carried out through a conventional power supply branch. Since the amount of energy consumed increases noticeably, it is quite possible that this will require obtaining a permit. Single-phase heating electrical equipment has several characteristic features:

- work from a conventional power network;

- according to the principle of work, it does not have any special differences from some other heating equipment.

If you are interested in a single-phase electric heating boiler, reviews of which speak of its highest performance, then usually such devices are characterized by a capacity of 6-12 kilowatts, and this is enough to heat the apartment for 2-3 rooms. In most of the presented single-phase models, the principle of indirect heating is used, where the heat source is the tan. The installation of electric single-phase heating boilers does not require the receipt of any permit, since this equipment is regarded as the same type with boilers.

Three-phase boilers

If the water heater has a capacity of more than 12 kilowatts, then it works already from a three-phase electrical network. They are productive, compact and noiseless models. In general, the output of such devices is of two types:

- Electrode. In this case, the process of heating the coolant is carried out by the action of an electric current directly on the coolant. Three-phase equipment has a significant advantage in this respect: the liquid heats up as quickly as possible. A three-phase boiler can be installed in closed systems with forced circulation.

- Induction. In this case, the generated magnetic field responds to the heating. The core of the boiler is made in the form of a copper winding, similar to a transformer. This type of equipment functions by converting currents - DC and AC. The disadvantages of such boilers are considerable weight and high cost. However, the three-phase models have the lowest electrical energy consumption, which is why they are quite popular electric heating boilers. How to choose such equipment, it becomes clear if you use the previously written formula.

To connect a three-phase boiler requires a separate branch with a voltage of 380 V. If you live in the private sector, then obtaining a permit for this is not difficult. It is more difficult to issue documents for re-equipment of an apartment and holding a separate branch of tension in it. Although it is an economical electric heating boiler, only professional electricians can install it. You can not do all the necessary work on your own.

Manufacturers and brands

The market of modern water-heating equipment offers boilers of domestic and foreign production. When choosing a brand, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality assurance and functionality of the device. It is possible to recommend several producing countries, the technique of which is of high quality and excellent performance characteristics.

European brands

Germany has become a leader in the production of such equipment as a heating boiler electric. With your hands, you can install most single-phase models from this country. This equipment is of the highest quality, guaranteed by the manufacturers. As a drawback in this case, we can single out only one thing - the high cost of the devices. The main German concerns are: Wespe Heizung, Bosch and Protherm.

The Czech Republic delivers to the market as high-quality equipment as Germany, but its advantage is a lower cost. Most of the heating equipment in this case is represented by Dakon, and the rest of the manufacturers are not so well known.

Russian producers

Russia produces high quality machinery. Boilers do not have any excesses in terms of functional additions, except for the models equipped with automation Protherm, Dakon and others. In this case, it is possible to produce affordable electric heating boilers. How to choose any of them has already been described earlier.

conclusions

The final choice should be based not only on the brand and the country in which the equipment is manufactured, but also on the fact that there is an official service center nearby. In this case it will be much easier to operate a heating boiler electric. It's not recommended to repair it with your own hands.