Houses in the Art Nouveau style. Modern in the architecture of Russia

Houses in the style of Art Nouveau appeared in the late XIX - early XX century. Many people were interested in using new materials and forms. In short, there was a desire to distract from the classics. Under the influence of these factors, architecture developed. Modern 20th century is expressive. It is characterized by the use of advanced technical means and the latest materials.

General information

Projects of houses in the Art Nouveau style are distinguished by the absence of right angles and lines. Also, this style implies the presence of rounded forms. The main distinctive feature of the house in the Art Nouveau style (photo will be presented below) are plant motifs. In each country this style is called differently. However, modernism in architecture of Russia has taken root under this name.

Key Features

When building a house in the Art Nouveau style, craftsmen are striving to create a single subject and spatial environment. For this, arc-shaped lines are used. It seems that they begin to flow into themselves.

Features of facades

When building a house in the Art Nouveau style, in most cases, architects use reinforced concrete and metal. They do not hide under the plaster. Their direct aesthetic purpose comes to the fore. Also there are many glass elements. This is a mosaic on the facades of houses, as well as stained glass windows and doorways.

Main Features of Design

What is modern? The houses look very interesting. Their main highlight is the image of the interior from the outside. Accordingly, the external appearance indicates the aesthetics of the layout and the functionality of the building as a whole. As for asymmetric facades and artistic processing, they represent the expediency and comfort of the premises. Very often there are houses in the Art Nouveau style, made of wood. They are usually decorated with the following elements:

1. Rough balconies.
2. Stairs.
3. Terraces.
4. Loggias.
5. Galleries.

They are distinguished by the presence of a number of doors and windows that are not the same in shape and size.

Other directions

A separate offshoot of style is the Northern Art Nouveau. Houses built in accordance with its canons are distinguished by severity. This indicates the individuality of the climate. Also, the distinctive features of this style include bay windows, hexagonal windows and acute-angled roofs.

Special Current

There are plans that are completely different from those of houses in the Art Nouveau style. In the 80s, the direction began to revive, but only with a new name. Of course, we are talking about neomodern. The new style got rid of complex details and unnecessary frills. The architecture of these buildings more resembles office options than living quarters.

Features of wooden building

Beautiful houses in the Art Nouveau style become so thanks to a kind of harmony. Sometimes the "wooden" direction is called mannered. It's about the top of architectural creativity. It is characterized by a smooth ornament and the elegance of individual lines. All this seems to have been created by nature. Exterior and interior are a single whole. Any detail is selected with taste, bordering the grotesque. All non-residential space is covered by a figurative-symbolic design and a single ornamental rhythm. The style grew on the ruins, which once were Stalin's nomenklatura classicism. Domestic wooden modernist style is a mixture of styles and eras. As for the dynamics of the building, it turns into stained glass and walls, which are filled with inner beauty and irreproachable proportions.

Modern realities

What, in essence, is modern? We are talking about complex compositions of different materials and textures, curved lines, ornaments and filigree plastic. As a rule, these are manual works or works of authorship, which are carried out by order. Some elements are made in a single copy. In particular, this refers to decorative panels, painting of walls and ceilings, as well as forged fences. In accordance with this, the implementation of the project is repeatedly complicated and becomes much more expensive. As for the implementation of projects of houses in this style, it is incredibly difficult. Requires close attention to all the details and sophisticated technique of drawing. Each element needs careful study.

Creating a Design

Japanese ornaments and plant motifs are found everywhere. In particular, it concerns the furniture coloring, the pattern of wallpaper and fabrics of tapestries. Some kind of branches are formed by woven flexible strips. In the decoration of the walls you can see interesting shades of lilac, olive and silver. Thanks to such combinations, an illusion of the presence of wildlife is created. This is a kind of inspiration for artists.

Interior Features

Furniture in houses made in Art Nouveau style is functional and decorative at the same time. Its upholstery is necessarily decorated with irises, thistles and tulips. The external appearance of armchairs, couches and sofas is also distinguished by the presence of plant features. The stems are represented by curved, smooth lines. At present, the artificial aging of elements is very popular. It is used when decorating accessories and furniture. As for houses in the Art Nouveau style, then there are glass vases and lamps. They have images of figures of non-existent animals. Here you rarely see the main ceiling lighting. Most often used floor lamps and lamps. The interior of such houses differs with ease and ease. Such an illusion can be achieved with the help of forged elements and transparent flowing tissues. As for the modern manifestations of this style, then on the foreground come out fancy accessories and ornate ornaments. Handwork looks very original. It is allowed to use its expensive imitation. In the rooms very often there are steps and podiums.

Historical background

Modern was very timely in Moscow. At that time the fashion for building houses "turnkey" began to spread. In this connection, freedom of creativity was opened for the architects. This style has enjoyed great popularity for two decades. Thus, many metropolitan architects continually turned to its elements. With their use, many Moscow buildings were built. Examples include the following:

1. Yaroslavsky Railway Station.
2. A short copy of the Levinson Association.
3. TSUM.
4. Hotel Metropol.
5. The building of the insurance company "Russia".

Then we will talk about profitable houses and private houses.

Outstanding constructions

In particular, there are two main estate projects. They were attended by William Valkot, who is a famous British architect. He also made a significant contribution to the design of the hotel Metropol. The estates adjoin each other in Prechistenskiy lane. This is a special order of MTSAO. At one time it was considered the main "developer" of the capital. Thanks to this company, the construction of several objects was initiated, which later turned into modern monuments. It is about the house number 10. It is made in accordance with the canons of laconic English Art Nouveau. The house was purchased by Maria Fyodorovna Yakunchikova, who was the wife of the owner of the textile factory and brick factories. Karl Guthuil became owners of another structure. This refers to the house number 8. At the beginning of the XX century, the merchant family of the Karzinkins began to dominate. A few years ago the building was restored. Currently, the embassy of Morocco is located there. It is worth noting that for the modern, not quite, however, is characterized by such a symmetrical facade. The bright contrast of this house with the Yakunchikova mansion is traced.