Hatred what is it? Hatefulness

A very strong emotional feeling is hate. What is hostility and what events can cause it? Psychologists suggest that the person initially has a need for hatred, which he sometimes happily implements. We will talk about this negative emotion in this article.

Definition of concept

Hatred is a long, intense, negative feeling, reflecting disgust, hostility, rejection of a particular object. They can be either an individual or a group of people, an inanimate object or phenomenon. To call this emotion can specific actions of the object or its inherent qualities. It is possible to hate an idea that contradicts the convictions and values of the subject, a phenomenon that adversely affects his life, interferes with the satisfaction of his important needs. A strong negative feeling can be associated with a test of joy from any failures of the object of emotions, with the desire of all kinds of evil and even the desire to harm it.

Causes

The feeling of hatred can arise on the most insignificant and minor issue. It is the apparent irrationality of such causes that prompted psychologists to put forward a version about the man's initial need for hostility. This feeling can easily be instilled from the outside. Wars and other kinds of social and social conflicts are often accompanied by appropriate propaganda, inciting hatred between people. Hatred of a strange, incomprehensible way of life, customs and values provokes grave crimes against a certain group of people or an individual. A hostile attitude can arise even in relation to oneself, if the individual feels that he does not reach the proper level of his claims. In each individual case, one should find the cause of the destructive attitude to the object of hatred, then the conflict that arises can be resolved, and the hostile emotions will subside.

Love and hate

It is believed that these two concepts are completely opposite to each other and are antonyms. However, in various cultures of the world, these emotional phenomena are inextricably linked and represent a kind of unity. Love and hate can simultaneously be combined in a person in relation to the subject of his feelings. Freud also spoke of the dual nature of these emotions. The psychoanalyst believed that in the close relations inevitably there are conflicts, generated by various contradictions. Some ethologists claim that the simultaneous manifestation of hatred and love is associated with mental and physical mechanisms that provide both humans and animals with a profound personal relationship and a natural inclination for aggression.

A possible explanation for the close relationship of love and hatred lies in the fact that the more the individual has in common with another person, the closer he is with him and the more he becomes involved in any relationship. Thus, the conflict between loved ones always proceeds with greater fury and passion than between strangers. The lack of common features and interests forces the opponent to perceive more objectively.

Types of hatred

A feeling of irresistible disgust can cause anything. On the object of hatred, there are several types of this negative feeling. For example, in addition to the adult, scientists also distinguish childish hatred. Usually it is aimed at parents after the appearance of a sister or brother in the family. Psychologists call the emergence of such an emotion in children "Cain's feeling."

Fear and hatred are closely related. A person experiences hostility to an object that, it seems to him, is capable of harming him. Such a manifestation of negative feelings sometimes becomes irresistible. Scientists distinguish several types of pathologies:

• Mizogamy is an acute aversion to marriage.
• Misandria - the woman's hostility to men.
• Mizohinia is the fear and hatred of men towards women.
• Misopedia is an aversion to children, including their own.
• Misanthropy is a hostility towards people in general.

It is generally believed that the more educated a person is, the less he has reason to hate, what is the expression of feelings - the prerogative of individuals with a low level of intelligence and weak will.

Types of aggression

As mentioned above, it creates a desire to harm your object of hatred. Evil can be caused in different ways, so psychologists distinguish several types of aggression.

Verbal and physical

The use of physical force to express their negative emotions is called physical aggression. Hostility, shown in the form of quarrels, abuse, verbal accusations and threats, is considered verbal.

Indirect and direct

Direct aggression is directed directly at the object of hatred, indirect - it is actions acting on another person in a roundabout way, through gossip, malicious jokes, as well as disorderly bursts of rage (stomping with feet, screaming, and so on).

External and internal

External hostility is directed outwardly, and internal - on itself. The latter manifests itself in self-abasement and the desire to harm oneself.

Reasonable (healthy) and destructive

The boundaries of aggression are sometimes difficult to determine. Some see hostility in vigorous behavior. If aggression looks attractive and causes sympathy, then it can be called healthy or justified.

In this section, not all forms of hostility are listed. In this kind of activity, people are often very resourceful.

Social hatred

There is a concept that scientists and psychologists commonly call the term "social hatred". What is the phenomenon itself? Some believe that this is a feeling of hostility and disgust experienced by a group of people. The object of hate does not matter. Others suggest that this feeling is called social because it is aimed at a certain group of people or a specific person as a representative of this community. Objects of hostile attitudes can be various socially-relevant signs - gender, race, nationality, sexual orientation, age. In the social sciences, to denote this kind of hatred, there is the concept of "intolerance". There is a more narrow understanding of the subject. Sometimes class hatred is called social hatred. At the same time, religious and racial discrimination is excluded.

Social hatred is based on differences between groups, and they are given an irresistible and inevitably leading to conflict meaning. A different appearance, lifestyle and cultural values are a reason for serious confrontation. It is interesting that the degree of these differences does not play a special role. Hatred, anger between related, close cultural, similar groups (states, religious denominations, peoples) are more fierce than between strangers to each other communities.

Crime of hatred

In some countries of the world there is a special qualification, called a hate crime. This notion denotes violations committed under the influence of aversion to certain groups of the population. Usually such a classification increases the severity of the committed misconduct. In Russia, religious, national, racial intolerance is also an aggravating factor.

In many states, it is considered that the crime is also deliberate actions aimed at creating hatred between groups of people, that such a manifestation of hostile feelings should be prosecuted. For example, in Russia, the propaganda of aggression towards social groups is a punishable act.

Conclusion

In this article, we tried to talk about what hate is. What is the feeling that can bring a person? On the one hand, in reasonable doses, this emotion mobilizes and calls for active action, on the other - it destroys its subject from within, forcing it to commit senseless and destructive actions. But we live in a world that is based on the struggle of opposites, in it every phenomenon has its own special meaning. So hatred goes hand in hand with love, is based on the instinct of self-preservation, makes a person publicly express the accumulated doubts. A reasonable individual must learn to overcome this negative feeling, subordinate it to his will and understand the reasons for his appearance.