Grapes Solaris: description of the grade, photo, reviews

Many gardeners from the northern regions of our country and even from the middle zone know how difficult it is to find a good variety for growing in difficult climatic conditions. Many varieties just do not have time to ripen because of too short a summer.

Today we want to present you a variety of grapevines Solaris, description, reviews of gardeners. It was bred in Germany during the crossing of the Saperavi northern varieties and Muscat Ottonel. This is one of the best wine early and disease resistant varieties. Sweet taste and early ripeness allow using it in fresh form, as well as for making wine and juices.

This variety is popular with gardeners of our country, primarily because it can be grown both in southern regions and in more northern ones. Gives excellent harvests in Tver, Moscow, Rostov, Voronezh regions, in Bashkortostan and Tatarstan.

Grapes Solaris: a description of the variety, photo

Solaris is an excellent technical wine grade, which is used for making fragrant white wines, as well as for fresh consumption. Characterized by an early maturation: the first harvest gives already in late July or early August. Vegetation period lasts from 105 to 115 days.

Understand that the grapes are fully ripened, quite simply - the growth of shoots completely stops, and the berries are colored in a characteristic amber color. Variety of grapes Solyaris has tall, strong bushes that give shoots in the spring. For two years they grow to a height of up to five meters. This allows them to decorate them with a decorative arch.

Solaris - grape, the photo of which you can see in the article, is distinguished by a rather high yield - from 3 to 5 kg of fruit per square meter. And this is not the limit. Yields can easily be improved using vaccines, which are not mandatory, but desirable procedures, as they will make grapes more productive and frost-hardy, although this variety tolerates the severe Russian winters rather well and withstands frosts down to -30 ° C.

Fruit

Grapes Solaris literally strewn with numerous tufts of cylindrical shape with round berries of medium size. Weight of the brush is from 300 to 400 grams, one berries - from 4 to 6 grams. The berries are round in shape, painted in amber color. In the first days of September the sugar content is 22%, the acidity is more than 8 g / l. In October, the sugar content often increases to 30%. This explains the surprisingly gentle and pleasant sweet taste, slightly reminiscent of pineapple.

Beneficial features

Probably everyone knows the useful properties of all kinds of grapes. Solaris is no exception. Regular intake of juice from berries of this variety prevents the formation of blood clots, reduces the level of "harmful" cholesterol, prevents the development of atherosclerosis.

The acids contained in the pulp of berries, have a beneficial effect on the gastrointestinal tract, help to remove toxins from the body. A glass of warm grape juice with a cold softens the cough, soothes an irritated throat. Grapes Solaris contains antioxidants, which reduce the risk of developing cancer. The use of dried fruits of this grapes (raisins) will help cure nephritis and hepatitis.

Planting grapes

Plant this grapes in an open ground on common rules for most varieties. A number of important factors need to be considered:

• This variety is very demanding of sunlight, so it should be placed on the site so that the shadow from the buildings as long as possible does not fall on the plant.
• Solaris must be protected by screens, fences from sharp north winds.
• In northern regions, as well as in areas with little snow, but frosty winters, the plant is planted in a depression. This helps protect the roots from freezing. In the southern regions, on the contrary, it is better to plant the grapes on a mound so that the root system is well heated by the sun. In both cases, the soil must be pre-prepared: lay a drainage layer not less than 15 cm on the bottom of the landing pit and a layer of nutrient soil on top. It can be any, but not too wet. A poor plant develops only in solonchaks and marshy areas.

Solaris - grapes, a description of which can be found in all the reference books on viticulture. The cultivar is suitable both for growing amateurs, including beginners, and for planting large areas of industrial vineyards. The plant responds well to proper care, for which it thanks high yields. Solaris needs molding and the creation of a support, as the bushes of the plant are rather tall.

Care of the plant

Care for this variety is simple. It consists in regular moderate watering. It is very important that the soil is not waterlogged. Watered bushes as necessary, during times of drought, not more than once a week, twenty liters of water under a bush. Excess moisture can cause watery berries, their cracking and damage by rot.

During the ripening of berries, the bunches should be covered with nets with small cells - this will protect the crop from birds and wasps. Features of the structure of the bush require daily dilution of branches and leaves to provide additional ventilation and warming by the sun. In addition, this procedure is preventive - it helps to avoid fungal lesions.

Even in southern regions, young plants should be prepared for winter. The pruning is carried out, and the vines are placed on the ground, covering them with a layer of mulch and any covering material. Adult plants that have a stiff trunk do not need shelter. In the autumn these shrubs are cut off damaged and dried shoots - this prepares for winter for them ends.

Trimming

Vinogradu this procedure is necessary, otherwise the berries become smaller, and the bush is overgrown. But in the first year after planting, pruning is not carried out, except for the removal of undeveloped parts of shoots in autumn. Beginning in the third year, shoots are cut in accordance with the recommendations of the total load.

Autumn pruning should not be carried out until the natural fall of the foliage or establishment of persistent negative night temperatures. In spring, specialists do not recommend pruning: the expiration of the sap ("weeping of the vine") weakens the plant.

Top dressing

To make the fruits ripen better, spend at the end of July top dressing with potash fertilizers. For example, potassium monophosphate. Solaris is very responsive to top dressing.

Diseases and pests

Grapes Solaris is resistant to many diseases, but not to everyone. Against pseudo-mildew (mildew) and powdery mildew (oidium), bushes can not be sprayed. But with too much planting, all parts of the plant can be affected during the growing season. Yellow leaves appear on the leaves. These are serious diseases that can lead to the death of the entire crop.

Ripened berries can be affected by noble rot. To prevent the treatment of plants from these diseases, fungicides are used, which are now widely represented in specialized stores.

When bushes are regularly ventilated, gray rot does not threaten the plant. But because of non-compliance with the rules of plant care, bushes can be affected by this disease, capable of spoiling the whole crop. It destroys berries and gives them an unpleasant smell of mold. Even if only one berry, affected by this disease, gets into the wine fermentation vessel - the product will be irretrievably spoiled. To minimize the risk of infection with gray rot, it is necessary to provide fresh air and sun rays to the leaves and fruits.

The bushes of the grape of Solaris can be attacked by mites, both grape and cobweb. To combat them, you will need to treat the bushes with acaricides and remove damaged shoots. The mites are able to hit all parts of the plant and destroy the entire vineyard, if not taken the necessary measures in time.

Grapes Solaris: reviews

Many novice wine growers note that they have paid attention to this variety thanks to the beautiful amber berries, the shape of the bunch, the resistance to frost. This is very important for the northern regions with a very short summer. Those who already grow this variety on their site are happy with the fact that the seedlings are well established, grow actively, form powerful bushes. Of course, can not but rejoice a good harvest of very fragrant and sweet berries.

Despite the fact that the variety is declared as wine, not all gardeners are engaged in making wine. Nevertheless, berries are great for eating fresh, and the juice from them is simply amazing. It will appeal to adults and children alike. Care of the plant is not complicated at all and it is a real pleasure, because you can see and evaluate the results of your work very quickly and get a rich harvest of tasty and useful berries.