Gastroduodenitis: symptoms, treatment and prevention

The term "gastroduodenitis" is understood as the disease of the stomach and duodenum, which is manifested by the inflammation of the mucosa of these organs. It should be noted that the disease is very common today, and after 70 years - almost one hundred percent. This explains the relevance of the topic "gastroduodenitis." Symptoms, treatment, prevention of this disease are constantly being investigated, supplemented with new data for the same reason.

Gastroduodenitis can occur both acutely and chronically. The acute course is characterized by destructive changes in the mucous membrane, occurs suddenly, usually as a result of some acute severe condition (mono- or polyorganic insufficiency, sepsis, trauma, exposure to chemical agents), relapses after treatment are not characteristic.

The essence of another form of gastroduodenitis is chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa and duodenum, resulting in its atrophy. It is characterized by relapses associated with inaccuracies in nutrition, emotional stress, the intake of certain medicines, helminthic infestations. People with this form have a detailed medical history. Chronic gastroduodenitis becomes their constant companion throughout life.

Factors predisposing to the development of gastroduodenitis

Multiple factors that cause the onset of the disease are divided into 2 main groups:

1. A group of exogenous factors is represented by the use of irritating food, chronic lack of sleep, intoxication, including smoking and the systematic use of alcohol, the use of many drugs, the action of chemical agents.
2. The group of endogenous factors includes a number of chronic diseases, negatively affecting the stomach and duodenum, in particular, on their mucous membrane. These include allergic and endocrine diseases, chronic mono- or multi-organ failure, long-term infectious diseases, helminthic invasions and much more.

The vital activity of Helicobacter pylori in the gastrointestinal tract also causes gastroduodenitis. Symptoms, treatment of this disease in some way are determined by the reasons for its occurrence, considered above, therefore it is extremely necessary to identify and take them into account.

Symptomatics and Diagnosis

Gastroduodenitis is often accompanied by a dyspeptic syndrome, including nausea, vomiting, heartburn, belching, bad taste in the mouth. To the listed can join flatulence and unstable stool. With gastroduodenitis, there is often an astheno-neurotic syndrome, manifested by fatigue, weakness, insomnia, headaches.

Various variants of abdominal pain are the most typical for a disease such as gastroduodenitis, the symptoms whose treatment is primarily of interest to the patient. Pain, as a rule, is concentrated in the epigastric or near-bulbous areas. They can be debilitating, aching, "hungry" or manifest through a delayed time after eating, when it comes to gastroduodenitis with increased enzymatic activity. With reduced gastric secretion, the pain is less intense, dull, occurs after eating, can be defined by patients simply as discomfort.

The diagnosis is based on the results of fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS). This type of research allows, through special equipment, to visualize signs of inflammation of the stomach and duodenal mucosa, the presence of erosion or other pathology. Also in the course of EGF, the acidity of gastric juice is determined by means of pH-metry, or by the method of its fractional study.

How to treat gastroduodenitis?

Of paramount importance is the observance of a diet that excludes sharp, fatty, spicy, plentiful food, alcohol. Preferred use of mashed products cooked steamed, boiled or stewed. It is important to eat in small fractions, that is, often in small portions.

Depending on the pathogenetic orientation, the following groups of drugs are recommended for the treatment of gastroduodenitis:

1. To eliminate Helicobacter pylori infection , antibacterial drugs are used.
2. In order to prevent the effect of irritants on the mucous membrane of the duodenum and stomach take gastroprotectors, for example, "De-nol".
3. For the same purpose, antacids are used (Almagel, Maalox and others). The irritating agent in this case is gastric juice, which has an increased secretory activity.
4. With reduced secretion, on the contrary, the secretion of gastric juice is necessary, for which pancreatic enzymes are prescribed: Mezim, Pancreatin and others.
5. Not the last place in the treatment of gastroduodenitis is physiotherapy. For example, with intense pains, electrophoresis with novocaine is used.

It should be understood that the symptoms characteristic of such a disease as gastroduodenitis, the treatment of which we have considered, cause a lot of inconvenience to the patients. Therefore, it is important to exclude all of the above factors leading to the development of this ailment. It is important to remember that it is easier to prevent a disease than to treat it.