Fractures of bones

Bone fractures are conditions characterized by a violation of the integrity of their tissues. It is rare when fractures are congenital, much more often they are acquired as a result of severe trauma. Congenital fracture of bones - most often the result of negative heredity, which affected the strength of bone tissue. Acquired fractures are the result of such an effect on the tissue, in which the acting mechanical force exceeds the strength of the bone. Most often, this impact is one-stage, but very strong, which immediately gives a fracture of the bones. Such an impact is called traumatic, its examples are a gunshot wound, a broken bone, a fall - accelerated or from a rather high altitude. A pathological fracture can occur due to the fact that a certain painful condition significantly reduced the strength of the tissue. Such a fracture of the bones can occur sometimes even with small effects of mechanical force - for example, if a person abruptly leans hand over something, or even involuntarily, for example, in a dream. The cause of this pathology are various diseases that destroy the bone - osteomyelitis, some tumors and endocrine diseases.

Bone fractures are not only damage to their structure, but also a violation of the integrity of the soft tissues that cover them. The muscles, nerves and vessels that are nearby can also be injured, especially in children. In the form of the fracture line, fractures are oblique, transverse and longitudinal. Bone fractures can be simple if the bone has been broken into two parts, splintery, if several pieces of bone tissue split apart in the area of the injury, if these fragments are many, and also incomplete if the resulting crack does not give a complete break. If there is a complete fracture of the bones, then usually the broken parts of them diverge in different directions. Without this bias, it occurs only in children. Incomplete bone fractures are also much more common at an early age. Some of these injuries are often affected by older people, as the tissues of their body grow old, lose their strength. Bones break more often than tubular.

Fractures of the pelvic bones are severe injuries. They cause severe shock, hemorrhage and other complications, justified by the importance of this part of the body. The victim experiences severe pain, the result of which may be a shock state. The pelvis is a support for both the skeleton and the entire human body. He connects the trunk with the limbs. Part of the pelvis is the receptacle for some internal organs. As a rule, fractures of pelvic bones occur as a result of accidents - accidents, collapses of buildings, the consequence of which is the flattening of the pelvic bones. This squeezing may be lateral or antero-posterior.

Fractures of the pelvic bones can be either stable or unstable. When unstable, they can shift to the side due to the impact of any loads on them, even the most insignificant - for example, when moving, turning the trunk and the like. In short, the integrity of the pelvis is broken, resulting in the instability of its links - they can, for example, change their position during the movement of the body. In this case, their fragments can also change their position, which sometimes is fraught with damage to some internal organs - for example, the bladder, the lower part of the intestine.

For this reason, if a patient has fractures of the pelvic bones, it is necessary to transport him to traumatology with extreme caution, fixing the position of the victim's body. The awkward movement of it leads to the movement of fragments. If the patient is conscious, it is accompanied by his groans and constant complaints of pain. The exact diagnosis is made by a traumatologist, having studied the X-ray and the results of a tomography.